{"id":294234,"date":"2025-08-03T19:44:11","date_gmt":"2025-08-03T19:44:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/fr\/294234\/"},"modified":"2025-08-03T19:44:11","modified_gmt":"2025-08-03T19:44:11","slug":"navires-difficilement-tracables-pavillons-douteux-comment-la-flotte-fantome-permet-a-la-russie-dexporter-son-petrole","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/fr\/294234\/","title":{"rendered":"Navires difficilement tra\u00e7ables, pavillons douteux… Comment la flotte fant\u00f4me permet \u00e0 la Russie d\u2019exporter son p\u00e9trole"},"content":{"rendered":"

ANALYSE <\/strong>– Depuis l\u2019invasion de l\u2019Ukraine et les sanctions occidentales, Moscou profite des failles du commerce maritime. Des centaines de p\u00e9troliers anonymes livrent son p\u00e9trole \u00e0 travers le monde, en \u00e9chappant \u00e0 la surveillance de l\u2019Otan.<\/p>\n

Flotte fant\u00f4me<\/a>, flotte grise, flotte sombre, flotte obscure\u2026 Derri\u00e8re ces expressions intrigantes, un m\u00eame m\u00e9canisme\u00a0: un r\u00e9seau de navires op\u00e9rant en marge du droit international, sans assurance ni tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9, souvent sous des pavillons douteux. La Russie en est d\u00e9sormais le principal acteur. Elle cherche par ce biais \u00e0 \u00e9couler ses hydrocarbures, en contournant les sanctions occidentales impos\u00e9es\u00a0apr\u00e8s son invasion de l\u2019Ukraine<\/a>. Les navires de sa flotte fant\u00f4me livrent du p\u00e9trole \u00e0 des acheteurs volontaires (la Chine et l\u2019Inde en sont les principaux destinataires), ou \u00ab\u00a0blanchissent\u00a0\u00bb le p\u00e9trole pour en dissimuler l\u2019origine, avant de l\u2019\u00e9couler sur le march\u00e9 mondial.<\/p>\n

Si le ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne n\u2019est pas nouveau, auparavant majoritairement utilis\u00e9 par l\u2019Iran, le Venezuela et la Cor\u00e9e du Nord, il a pris de l\u2019ampleur depuis 2022, avec le d\u00e9veloppement de la flotte russe. Selon une analyse publi\u00e9e le 2\u00a0juillet dernier par l\u2019entreprise d\u2019intelligence maritime Dryad Global, la flotte fant\u00f4me russe\u2026<\/p>\n

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