{"id":697652,"date":"2026-01-29T16:08:16","date_gmt":"2026-01-29T16:08:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/fr\/697652\/"},"modified":"2026-01-29T16:08:16","modified_gmt":"2026-01-29T16:08:16","slug":"la-gaine-de-myeline-cet-etrange-dopant-du-cerveau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/fr\/697652\/","title":{"rendered":"La gaine de my\u00e9line, cet \u00e9trange dopant du cerveau"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>                     <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ba21e99_upload-1-qdcsdgcx7uaj-gettyimages-2165285569.jpg\" alt=\"Illustration m\u00e9dicale r\u00e9pr\u00e9sentant un r\u00e9seau de cellules neuronales en 3D.\"   width=\"664\" height=\"443\"\/>    Illustration m\u00e9dicale r\u00e9pr\u00e9sentant un r\u00e9seau de cellules neuronales en 3D.  KOTO_FEJA\/GETTY IMAGES                 <\/p>\n<p class=\"article__paragraph  \">La my\u00e9line d\u00e9multiplie par\u00a050\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0100\u00a0la vitesse de conduction de l\u2019influx dans notre syst\u00e8me nerveux. Telle une gaine isolante enrobant des fils \u00e9lectriques, elle enveloppe une large proportion de nos axones, ces longs et fins prolongements des neurones. Le long d\u2019un m\u00eame axone, elle est interrompue r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement par des segments \u00e0 nu, seuls capables de conduire les impulsions \u00e9lectriques. R\u00e9sultat, l\u2019influx nerveux \u00ab\u00a0saute\u00a0\u00bb d\u2019un segment au suivant.<\/p>\n<p class=\"article__paragraph  \">C\u2019est ainsi que l\u2019influx nerveux peut filer \u00e0 la vitesse de\u00a050 \u00e0 100\u00a0m\u00e8tres par seconde. \u00ab\u00a0La my\u00e9line offre ainsi de meilleures capacit\u00e9s d\u2019anticipation, de planification et de r\u00e9alisation des mouvements. Mais aussi de cognition\u00a0\u00bb, selon Brahim Nait-Oumesmar, directeur de recherche Inserm \u00e0 l\u2019Institut du cerveau, \u00e0 Paris. L\u2019apprentissage intensif du piano, par exemple, augmente la my\u00e9linisation de certains faisceaux de fibres nerveuses.<\/p>\n<p class=\"article__paragraph  \">Alors que les premi\u00e8res observations de la my\u00e9line datent de\u00a01838, il faudra attendre plus d\u2019un si\u00e8cle pour en visualiser l\u2019\u00e9trange mode de construction. En\u00a01962, le microscope \u00e9lectronique l\u00e8ve enfin toute ambigu\u00eft\u00e9\u00a0: cette gaine provient non pas des neurones eux-m\u00eames, mais des prolongements membranaires d\u2019autres cellules du syst\u00e8me nerveux.<\/p>\n<p class=\"reading-mode-only \"><strong>Il vous reste 77.12% de cet article \u00e0 lire. La suite est r\u00e9serv\u00e9e aux abonn\u00e9s.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Illustration m\u00e9dicale r\u00e9pr\u00e9sentant un r\u00e9seau de cellules neuronales en 3D. KOTO_FEJA\/GETTY IMAGES La my\u00e9line d\u00e9multiplie par\u00a050\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0100\u00a0la vitesse de&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":697653,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[1011,27,72,71],"class_list":{"0":"post-697652","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-sante","8":"tag-fr","9":"tag-france","10":"tag-health","11":"tag-sante"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@fr\/115979256140887650","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/697652","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=697652"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/697652\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/697653"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=697652"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=697652"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=697652"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}