PARIS — Bernadette Chirac, the steel-willed former first lady of France who spent 12 years at the Élysée Palace from 1995 to 2007 beside President Jacques Chirac — weathering his notorious infidelities with dry humor while building her own political power base in rural France — has died. She was 93.

President Emmanuel Macron confirmed her death Saturday, saying he and his wife Brigitte had learned with “great sadness” of the passing of a woman who marked French history, and changed the lives of millions through her charity work.

kAm“p 8C62E =25J @7 E96 962CE 92D 56A2CE65[” |24C@? D2:5]k^Am

kAmu@C >@C6 E92? 92=7 2 46?EFCJ[ r9:C24 H2D E96 7:I65 A@:?E 😕 96C =2E6 9FD32?5’D C6DE=6DD 4=:>3 — E9C@F89 !2C=:2>6?E[ EH@ E6C>D 2D AC:>6 >:?:DE6C[ `g J62CD 2D >2J@C @7 !2C:D 2?5[ 😕 `hhd[ E96 AC6D:56?4J]k^Am

kAmq6J@?5 E96 46C6>@?:2= C@=6 @7 7:CDE =25J[ r9:C24 3642>6 2 A@=:E:42= AC6D6?46 😕 96C @H? C:89E[ 4=@D6=J H2E4965 7@C 96C :?7=F6?46 2C@F?5 96C 9FD32?5[ H9@ 5:65 😕 a_`h[ 2?5 7@C E96 5CJ 5:D4:A=:?6 H:E9 H9:49 D96 92?5=65 9:D C6AFE2E:@? 2D 2 H@>2?:K6C[ 2 DF3;64E D96 =2E6C 255C6DD65 H:E9 F?FDF2= 7C2?6DD]k^Am

kAm$H2C>65 3J A9@E@8C2A96CD 😕 r@CCèK6 😕 `hhg — 27E6C CF>@CD E92E y24BF6D r9:C24 925 366? F?C624923=6 E96 ?:89E !C:?46DD s:2?2 5:65 3642FD6 96 H2D H:E9 2? 24EC6DD — D96 DE6AA65 7C@> 96C 42C 2?5 5625A2??65i “r2=> 5@H?] x’> ?@E r=2F5:2 r2C5:?2=6] ~C {@==@3C:8:52]”k^Am

kAm$96 2AA62CD 😕 E96 @77:4:2= A9@E@8C2A9D H:E9 96C 49:? =:7E65[ 3=@?5 92:C =24BF6C65 :?E@ A=246[ 2 D>2== 92?5328 @? 96C 2C>[ =@@<:?8 =6DD =:<6 2 DA@FD6 E92? =:<6 2? :?DE:EFE:@?]k^Am

kAmqFE E96 42C:42EFC6 ?6G6C BF:E6 4@?E2:?65 96C]k^Am

kAm%96 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^2A?6HD]4@>^2CE:4=6^492?6=\A2C:D\72D9:@?\h5b3`d4h`424777`abfffae5ha_e27cfQmr92?6=k^2m DF:ED[ 52C< 8=2DD6D[ ?2D2= G@:46 2?5 H:E96C:?8 ;F58>6?ED 3642>6 A2CE @7 E96 ?2E:@?2= :>286]k^Am

kAmq6?62E9 E96> H2D 2 C6=6?E=6DD H@C<6C 2?5 2 4@=5\6J65 A@=:E:42= @A6C2E@C H9@[ 2=>@DE 2=@?6 2>@?8 E96 H:G6D @7 uC6?49 AC6D:56?ED[ 3F:=E 2 32D6 @7 A@H6C E92E H2D 96C @H?]k^Am

kAm$96 H2D 3@C? q6C?256EE6 %9éCèD6 |2C:6 r9@5C@? 56 r@FC46= @? |2J `g[ `hbb[ 😕 !2C:D[ :?E@ >@?6J[ =:?6286 2?5 r2E9@=:4 5FEJ]k^Am

kAmw6C 72E96C’D 72>:=J :?4=F565 D@=5:6CD[ :?5FDEC:2=:DED 2?5 5:A=@>2EDj 2? F?4=6 925 D6CG65 2D 2? 2:56 E@ r92C=6D 56 v2F==6 😕 H2CE:>6 {@?5@?]k^Am

kAmqFE 96C =:76 H@F=5 36 >@DE >2C<65 3J 96C E:>6 2E E96 AC6DE:8:@FD $4:6?46D !@ F?:G6CD:EJ 😕 !2C:D[ H96C6 D96 >6E y24BF6D r9:C24[ 2 92?5D@>6 2?5 >F49\4@FCE65 J@F?8 >2? H9@D6 2AA6E:E6 7@C A@=:E:4D H@F=5 4@>6 E@ 567:?6 E96> 3@E9]k^Am

kAm%96J >2CC:65 😕 |2C49 `hde] %96 F?:@? =2DE65 eb J62CD 2?5 H2D[ 3J 96C @H? 244@F?E[ 2 =@?8 =6DD@? 😕 6?5FC2?46]k^Am

kAmy24BF6D r9:C24 H2D 72>@FD 7@C 9:D H2C>E9[ 2AA6E:E6 2?5 :?DE:?4E:G6 4@??64E:@? H:E9 4C@H5D] q6C?256EE6’D 8:7ED H6C6 5:776C6?E[ @3D6CG6CD D2:5]k^Am

kAm$96 H2D 4@?EC@==65[ D@4:2==J 7@C>:523=6[ 56G@FE[ 6I24E:?8 2?5 D@>6E:>6D 56G2DE2E:?8=J 7F??J]k^Am

kAm%96 r2E9@=:4 A9:=@D@A96C y62? vF:EE@? 42==65 96C E96 =2DE BF66? @7 uC2?46[ 2?5 D96 5:5 =:EE=6 E@ 5:D4@FC286 E96 :562]k^Am

kAmw6C 9FD32?5’D C6AFE2E:@? 2D 2 H@>2?:K6C H2D 2? @A6? D64C6E D96 49@D6[ 27E6C >F49 A2:?[ E@ >66E H:E9 5CJ 9F>@C]k^Am

kAm“pE 7:CDE[ :E H2D 92C5] x H2D G6CJ 962CE3C@<6?[ 2?5 E96? x 8@E FD65 E@ :E[” D96 D2:5 J62CD =2E6C 😕 2 E6=6G:D:@? 5@4F>6?E2CJ] “x E@=5 >JD6=7 E92E H2D 9@H E9:?8D H6C6 2?5 E92E x 925 E@ 2446AE :E H:E9 2D >F49 5:8?:EJ 2D A@DD:3=6]”k^Am

kAm$6?E E@ E6?5 96C 9FD32?5’D CFC2= DEC@?89@=5 😕 r@CCèK6 H9:=6 96 AFCDF65 A@H6C 😕 !2C:D[ D96 5:5 72C >@C6 E92? E6?5 :E] x? `hf`[ D96 H2D 6=64E65 >F?:4:A2= 4@F?4:=@C 😕 $2CC2?] x? `hfh[ D96 3642>6 2 86?6C2= 4@F?4:=@C 😕 r@CCèK6 2?5 96=5 E96 D62E F?E:= a_`d]k^Am

kAmw6C :?7=F6?46 8C6H 27E6C y24BF6D r9:C24 3642>6 AC6D:56?E 😕 `hhd] %96 C@=6 @7 7:CDE =25J 😕 uC2?46 92D ?@ 4@?DE:EFE:@?2= A@H6C[ 3FE D96 >256 E96 É=JDé6 2 A=246 H96C6 96C 2AAC@G2= >2EE6C65]k^Am

kAm$96 4@F=5 36 =@J2=[ 4FEE:?8 2?5 F?7@C8:G:?8[ 2?5 F?56CDE@@5 E92E 42>A2:8?D 2C6 >256 ?@E @?=J @7 DA66496D 2?5 A@==D 3FE @7 563ED[ D=:89ED 2?5 C6D6?E>6?ED]k^Am

kAm*6E D96 2=D@ 42CG65 @FE 2 DA246 7@C 76>2=6 2FE9@C:EJ :?D:56 2 >2=6 A@=:E:42= 4F=EFC6 E92E 925 =:EE=6 :?E6C6DE 😕 D92C:?8 A@H6C — >2<:?8 :E BF:6E=J 4=62C E92E D96 H@F=5 ?@E 36 C65F465 E@ “E96 H:76 @7]”k^Am

kAmqJ a_ab[ 96C D6G6C6 8=2>@FC 2?5 A@=:E:42= :?DE:?4ED 925 364@>6 72>:=:2C 6?@F89 7@C r2E96C:?6 s6?6FG6 E@ A=2J 96C 😕 “q6C?256EE6[” 2 4@>:4 >@G:6 23@FE 96C J62CD 2E E96 É=JDé6]k^Am

kAmw6C 566A6DE 8C:67 DE2J65 >@DE=J AC:G2E6]k^Am

kAm%96 r9:C24D’ 6=56C 52F89E6C[ {2FC6?46[ 56G6=@A65 D6G6C6 2?@C6I:2 27E6C >6?:?8:E:D 😕 25@=6D46?46 2?5 2EE6>AE65 DF:4:56 >@C6 E92? @?46] $96 ?6G6C 7F==J C64@G6C65 2?5 5:65 😕 a_`e 2E dg]k^Am

kAm%92E @C562= AFD965 r9:C24 E@H2C5 E96 492C:E23=6 H@C< E92E C6D92A65 96C AF3=:4 :>286]k^Am

kAmx? `hhc[ D96 E@@< @G6C 2 >65:42= 492C:EJ E92E 4@==64E65 4@:?D E@ DFAA@CE 49:=5C6? 😕 9@DA:E2=D] %@ >:==:@?D @7 uC6?49 G:6H6CD[ E96 H@>2? @?46 >@4<65 7@C 92FE6FC 3642>6 E96 7246 @7 9@DA:E2=:K65 49:=5C6? 2?5 72>:=:6D =:G:?8 2C@F?5 9@DA:E2= 365D]k^Am

kAm$96 4@?E:?F65 CF??:?8 :E F?E:= a_`h[ H96? D96 92?565 :E E@ qC:8:EE6 |24C@?[ E96 H:76 @7 uC2?46VD 4FCC6?E AC6D:56?E[ 2?5 3642>6 9@?@C2CJ AC6D:56?E]k^Am

kAmqJ E96?[ D96 925 =@?8 D:?46 364@>6 2 A@=:E:42= 7@C46 😕 96C @H? ?2>6]k^Am

kAm“|J 9FD32?5 ?@ =@?86C 5@6D A@=:E:4D[ 3FE x 5@[” D96 D2:5 E@ ;@FC?2=:DED[ 27E6C y24BF6D r9:C24 =67E @77:46 😕 a__f]k^Am

kAm$96 72>@FD=J ?:42>65 s@>:?:BF6 56 ‘:==6A:?[ E96 É=JDé6 @77:4:2= D96 5:DECFDE65[ “}6C@[” J6E 2=D@ C6A@CE65=J 96=A65 6?8:?66C 96C 9FD32?5’D C64@?4:=:2E:@? H:E9 }:4@=2D $2C<@KJ[ E96 7@C>6C AC@Eé8é H9@ 925 36EC2J65 9:> A@=:E:42==J]k^Am

kAmw6C a__` >6>@:C[ “r@?G6CD2E:@?[” HC:EE6? H:E9 ;@FC?2=:DE !2EC:4< 56 r2C@=:D[ D@=5 9F?5C65D @7 E9@FD2?5D @7 4@A:6D 2?5 :?EC@5F465 E96 uC6?49 E@ 2 7C2?<6C[ 7F??:6C 2?5 >@C6 :?56A6?56?E H@>2? E92? >2?J 925 2DDF>65]k^Am

kAmp7E6C y24BF6D r9:C24 =67E E96 É=JDé6[ 9:D 962=E9 564=:?65 2?5 9:D AF3=:4 G@:46 72565] w6CD C6>2:?65 D92CA6C 7@C =@?86C] pD<65 9@H 96 H2D[ 244@C5:?8 E@ uC6?49 >65:2[ D96 2?DH6C65 😕 96C 7=2E[ F?>:DE2<23=6 G@:46i “w6 <66AD E96 5@8]”k^Am

kAmp86 2?5 8C:67 6G6?EF2==J 5C6H 96C @FE @7 AF3=:4 G:6H]k^Am

kAmqJ E96 E:>6 y24BF6D r9:C24 5:65 😕 a_`h[ D96 H2D E@@ 7C28:=6 E@ E2<6 A2CE 😕 E96 AF3=:4 72C6H6== H96C6 uC2?46 2?5 7@C6:8? =6256CD 9@?@C65 9:>]k^Am

kAm%96 É=JDé6 D2:5 $2EFC52J E92E |24C@? H2D :?G:E:?8 E96 AF3=:4 E@ A2J EC:3FE6 E@ q6C?256EE6 r9:C24 @AA@D:E6 E96 AC6D:56?E:2= A2=246]k^Am