{"id":14629,"date":"2026-05-14T06:50:12","date_gmt":"2026-05-14T06:50:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/france\/14629\/"},"modified":"2026-05-14T06:50:12","modified_gmt":"2026-05-14T06:50:12","slug":"paris-invalides-is-more-than-napoleons-tomb-for-350-years-it-been-a-home-for-war-wounded-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/france\/14629\/","title":{"rendered":"Paris\u2019 Invalides is more than Napoleon\u2019s tomb. For 350 years, it been a home for war wounded"},"content":{"rendered":"

PARIS (AP) \u2014 World-famous as the resting place of Napoleon<\/a>, the gilded dome of the Invalides in Paris<\/a> draws millions of visitors. But behind the landmark\u2019s grand fa\u00e7ade lies a lesser-known mission: serving as a home and hospital for wounded soldiers and victims of war for more than 350 years.<\/p>\n

Built in the 17th century under King Louis XIV, the National Institution of Invalides houses dozens of residents \u2014 among them military veterans, Holocaust survivors<\/a> and civilian victims of conflicts and attacks who receive long-term, medically supervised care.<\/p>\n

The aging facilities are undergoing a major state-funded renovation estimated at 100 million euros ($108 million), with private donors invited to sponsor upgrading individual rooms.<\/p>\n

This week, the hospital granted rare access to reporters from The Associated Press, allowing them into rooms that lie on either side of the centerpiece of Les Invalides<\/a>, a soaring mausoleum that holds Napoleon’s sarcophagus. Sometimes visitors will cross paths with residents in wheelchairs on the grounds, not realizing that the Invalides still fulfills the founding mission of Louis XIV, know as the Sun King<\/a>, to offer \u201ca home for the invalids.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cThe Invalides is a unique place \u2014 a magical, incredible and grand site,\u201d said Gen. Christophe de Saint Chamas, a military officer who serves as the Invalides governor. It was \u201ca communication tool to the entire world: it would be splendid so that everyone would know that Louis XIV was building something for his old soldiers.\u201d<\/p>\n

Above all, he said, \u201cit was an act of gratitude from the state \u2014 actually, the first social gesture of the state. Before that, religious communities were taking in the wounded, by obligation. Here, the state said: we\u2019re taking care of them, over the long term, until their death.\u201d<\/p>\n

A testimony to France’s history<\/p>\n

Since housing its first former soldiers in 1674, the building has tracked the arc of French history \u2014 from being stormed during the 1789 Revolution by crowds seeking firearms, to housing thousands of veterans under Napoleon, and later opening its doors to civilian victims of war in the 20th century.<\/p>\n

Today, residents include survivors of the Auschwitz-Birkenau death camp<\/a> Ginette Kolinka, 101, and Esther Senot, 98, who have tirelessly told their story to students<\/a> and others so the lessons of the Holocaust<\/a> aren\u2019t forgotten.<\/p>\n

Senot, born to Polish Jewish parents, was 15 when she was arrested in Paris by French police. She was deported in September 1943 by cattle train. \u201cOn the transport we left on, out of 1,000 people, only two of us returned,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n

She survived 17 months in Nazi camps and returned to France weighing just 32 kilograms (70 pounds), having lost 17 members of her family, including her parents and six siblings.<\/p>\n

In postwar France, Senot remembers facing people\u2019s disbelief and indifference to the fate of those who had been deported.<\/p>\n

She began sharing her story publicly after a visit to Auschwitz<\/a> in 1985, when she challenged a guide\u2019s inaccurate account that ignored that most of the victims of the Nazi camps were Jewish.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe people who were in my group said to me, \u2018Madam, is it true that you were there?\u2019 I said yes,\u201d Senot said, showing them the number tattooed on her left arm. \u201cAnd then they asked me, \u2018Would you mind explaining this to us?\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n

Senot chose to make the Invalides her home after her husband died and as she faced medical issues of her own.<\/p>\n

Her brother, who fought in the French 2nd Armored Division that helped to liberate France, lived there for 10 years in the 2000s.<\/p>\n

\u201cI used to come and see him regularly, and at the time, of course, it was wonderful,\u201d Senot said. \u201cAs I grew older and found myself alone, since I already knew quite a few people … I came here.\u201d<\/p>\n

A home for wounded soldiers<\/p>\n

Outside, tourists crowd the courtyard beneath the golden dome. The museum housing Napoleon\u2019s tomb drew more than 1.4 million visitors last year.<\/p>\n

Inside, life is quieter \u2014 a mix of a professionalism and friendliness, with visiting officials in military uniform reflecting the institution\u2019s special status.<\/p>\n

Master corporal Mikaele Iva, who was injured in a parachute accident in Gabon in 2021, now lives at the Invalides.<\/p>\n

Over time, he said, the residents form deep bonds as they chat in the coffee room or attend football matches or concerts together.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt has truly become our second family,\u201d Iva said. \u201cWe share both joyful and difficult moments.\u201d<\/p>\n

Iva, who uses a wheelchair, practices fencing, archery and golf with the Invalides\u2019 sport club. He represents the institution at national ceremonies.<\/p>\n

This spirit echoes military life, Iva said. \u201cWe support each other in difficult times, because we have to get back on our feet despite our injuries; we have to keep helping one another no matter what. That\u2019s part of a soldier\u2019s life.\u201d<\/p>\n

Iva, who served in a medical regiment and participated in several French operations abroad, said he is moved by recognition the nation shows through the care it gives him. In Afghanistan, he helped save a severely wounded comrade who also lives there.<\/p>\n

Caregivers describe a similar sense of purpose.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe devote ourselves to them body and soul,\u201d said Mustapha Nachet, a nurse coordinator at the residents\u2019 center since 2014. \u201cIt is the nation\u2019s way of giving back for everything they have done.\u201d<\/p>\n

Nachet said 64 residents currently live on site, requiring complex logistics and highly individualized care. \u201cA 30-year-old wounded veteran does not have the same needs or aspirations as a 99-year-old civilian war victim,\u201d Nachet stressed.<\/p>\n

Top level facility for severe disabilities<\/p>\n

The institution also operates as a specialized hospital for severe disabilities, with expertise in prosthetics and rehabilitation. It conducts research aimed at improving mobility for amputees and wheelchair users.<\/p>\n

Medical teams notably took care of some victims of the 2015 attacks<\/a> at the Bataclan concert hall, cafes and national stadium.<\/p>\n

Over centuries, doctors there have observed the scars of war.<\/p>\n

\u201cEach conflict leaves its own mark, and none ever erases a previous one,\u201d said Gen. Sylvain Ausset, director of the National Institution of the Invalides.<\/p>\n

\u201cIn World War I, severe facial injuries appeared,\u201d he said. \u201cThey had existed before, but people simply did not survive. In World War II, paraplegic and quadriplegic patients with spinal cord injuries began to survive. In more recent conflicts in the Middle East, in Iraq and Afghanistan, multiple amputations emerged on a scale never seen before. And today, the defining injury is psychological trauma.\u201d<\/p>\n

The nation has cared for its soldiers for over 350 years, and remains committed to that mission, Gen. de Saint Chamas, the Invalides governor, said.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt allows active-duty troops to deploy knowing that if something happens to them,\u201d he said, \u201cFrance will be there.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"PARIS (AP) \u2014 World-famous as the resting place of Napoleon, the gilded dome of the Invalides in Paris…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14630,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[11255,11243,5,11253,11249,11250,11252,11251,11254,30,4495,11248],"class_list":{"0":"post-14629","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-paris","8":"tag-civilian-victims","9":"tag-esther-senot","10":"tag-france","11":"tag-holocaust-survivors","12":"tag-invalides","13":"tag-king-louis-xiv","14":"tag-military-veterans","15":"tag-napoleon","16":"tag-national-institution","17":"tag-paris","18":"tag-victims-of-war","19":"tag-wounded-soldiers"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/france\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/france\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/france\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/france\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/france\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14629"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/france\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14629\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/france\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14630"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/france\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/france\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/france\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}