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Browsing Tag

Cell

299 posts
HHealth
Cellular responses to ischemic reperfusion injury in young vs older donor organs. During ischemia, the deprivation of oxygen and nutrients leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and energy loss. In young cells, mitochondrial resilience helps sustain ATP production, ameliorating damage. Old cells, in contrast, experience significant ATP depletion, relying heavily on anaerobic metabolism, which leads to lactate buildup, pH reduction, and cellular stress. Upon reperfusion, the restoration of blood flow triggers oxidative stress as mitochondria generate excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). Young cells compensate for those events through robust antioxidant systems, maintaining cellular integrity. Conversely, in old cells, impaired antioxidant defenses result in unregulated ROS production, furthermore damaging membranes, organelles, and DNA. Additionally, old cells release pro-inflammatory genes, amplifying local inflammation. Consequences are particularly severe in aged vascular endothelial cells, with ion pump dysfunction (e.g., Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase) causing ionic imbalances and cellular edema. This disruption exacerbates ischemic injury, progressing to irreversible damage. In contrast, young cells effectively resolve edema and inflammation through mechanisms that include macrophage945 mediated clearance of Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) and anti-inflammatory cytokine release (e.g., IL-10 and TGF-β), allowing recovery and tissue repair. In old cells, persistent ROS generation, unresolved inflammation, and DAMP accumulation lead to irreversible inflammation, organelle collapse, and eventual cell death. Created in BioRender. Kayumov, M. (2025) https://BioRender.com/m23u7ro .
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Scientists outline how organ rejuvenation strategies could solve the donor shortage

  • December 12, 2025
New insights into cellular aging, perfusion technologies, and senescence-targeting treatments show how aging organs could be revived, turning…
HHealth
New findings show why the human intestine uniquely presents gluten to T cells
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New findings show why the human intestine uniquely presents gluten to T cells

  • December 12, 2025
New evidence shows that human M cells act as fully fledged antigen-presenting cells, processing and presenting gluten peptides…
HHealth
Proton therapy and IMRT show similar outcomes in head and neck cancer trial
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Proton therapy improves survival in oropharyngeal cancer patients

  • December 12, 2025
A new study published today in The Lancet showed a significant survival benefit for patients with oropharyngeal cancers…
SScience
Tumor microbiota identified as predictors of prognosis in gastrointestinal cancers
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Review highlights emerging role of tumor MHC-II in shaping cancer immunotherapy outcomes

  • December 12, 2025
Cancer immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment, yet many patients experience limited or short-lived responses due to immune evasion,…
HHealth
Mitochondrial dysfunction in the blood-brain barrier may contribute to neuropsychiatric disease in 22qDS
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Researchers identify enzyme linked to myelin damage and neurodegenerative conditions

  • December 12, 2025
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University have identified a type of enzyme with a complicated name –…
NNutrition
Study: Vitamin B12: A Comprehensive Review of Natural vs Synthetic Forms of Consumption and Supplementation. Image Credit: Fida Olga / Shutterstock
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Why the form of vitamin B12 you take may matter more than your intake

  • December 12, 2025
A new scientific review weighs natural and synthetic forms of vitamin B12, revealing where methylcobalamin may outperform standard…
HHealth
Amino acid metabolism shapes the tumor immune microenvironment and therapy response
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Researchers discover the enzyme responsible for chromothripsis in cancer

  • December 11, 2025
University of California San Diego researchers have discovered the enzyme responsible for chromothripsis, a process in which a…
HHealth
Psoriasis caused by changes in the fat metabolism of skin cells
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Psoriasis caused by changes in the fat metabolism of skin cells

  • December 11, 2025
A research team led by Erwin F. Wagner from the Medical University of Vienna has discovered a previously…
HHealth
Study: Dietary restriction reprograms CD8+ T cell fate to enhance anti-tumour immunity and immunotherapy responses. Image Credit: Corona Borealis Studio / Shutterstock
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Dietary restriction boosts antitumour immunity by rewiring T cell metabolism

  • December 11, 2025
By elevating ketone-driven energy pathways inside CD8+ T cells, dietary restriction steers them away from exhaustion and toward…
HHealth
Polβ enzyme found to protect developing brain from harmful DNA mutations
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Optogenetic tool helps decipher mechanisms of brain dysfunction in Huntington’s disease

  • December 11, 2025
Synaptic plasticity — the brain’s ability to modify the connections between neurons to support learning — is one…
HHealth
Anxiety and insomnia linked to reduced natural killer cell levels in young women
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Anxiety and insomnia linked to reduced natural killer cell levels in young women

  • December 11, 2025
Natural killer (NK) cells are the bodyguards of our immune system. As a first line of defense, they…
SScience
Study: Nanomaterial-induced mitochondrial biogenesis enhances intercellular mitochondrial transfer efficiency. Image Credit: Julien Tromeur / Shutterstock
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Nanoflower-treated stem cells deliver healthier mitochondria to stressed cells

  • December 10, 2025
By engineering nanomaterials that boost mitochondrial biogenesis, researchers show how stem cells can become powerful “mitochondrial biofactories,” offering…
Ireland
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