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Browsing Tag

Organelle

6 posts
HHealth
SMOC1 gene plays a surprising role in the development of type 2 diabetes
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Calcium signaling helps maintain protein quality in the endoplasmic reticulum

  • December 27, 2025
Calcium (Ca2+) drives many cellular functions, though the way it controls quality of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum…
HHealth
Cellular responses to ischemic reperfusion injury in young vs older donor organs. During ischemia, the deprivation of oxygen and nutrients leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and energy loss. In young cells, mitochondrial resilience helps sustain ATP production, ameliorating damage. Old cells, in contrast, experience significant ATP depletion, relying heavily on anaerobic metabolism, which leads to lactate buildup, pH reduction, and cellular stress. Upon reperfusion, the restoration of blood flow triggers oxidative stress as mitochondria generate excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). Young cells compensate for those events through robust antioxidant systems, maintaining cellular integrity. Conversely, in old cells, impaired antioxidant defenses result in unregulated ROS production, furthermore damaging membranes, organelles, and DNA. Additionally, old cells release pro-inflammatory genes, amplifying local inflammation. Consequences are particularly severe in aged vascular endothelial cells, with ion pump dysfunction (e.g., Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase) causing ionic imbalances and cellular edema. This disruption exacerbates ischemic injury, progressing to irreversible damage. In contrast, young cells effectively resolve edema and inflammation through mechanisms that include macrophage945 mediated clearance of Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) and anti-inflammatory cytokine release (e.g., IL-10 and TGF-β), allowing recovery and tissue repair. In old cells, persistent ROS generation, unresolved inflammation, and DAMP accumulation lead to irreversible inflammation, organelle collapse, and eventual cell death. Created in BioRender. Kayumov, M. (2025) https://BioRender.com/m23u7ro .
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Scientists outline how organ rejuvenation strategies could solve the donor shortage

  • December 12, 2025
New insights into cellular aging, perfusion technologies, and senescence-targeting treatments show how aging organs could be revived, turning…
HHealth
MIT technique reveals how AI models predict protein functions
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New study explains how pathogenic bacteria digest ethanolamine

  • October 3, 2025
A new study, led by researchers at the University of Liverpool, has revealed how pathogenic bacteria construct tiny…
SScience
Innovative cryo-microscopy offers precise views of rapid cell activity
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Visualizing lipid transport inside living cells with fluorescence microscopy

  • August 30, 2025
To the point: New technique to image single lipids: Lipids are notoriously difficult to detect with light microscopy.…
HHealth
Lactylation drives tumor progression and immune evasion in triple negative breast cancer
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Mitochondrial metabolite glutathione plays key role in breast cancer metastasis

  • August 18, 2025
The mitochondria may be the powerhouse of the cell, but mounting evidence suggests this organelle is also a…
SScience
Endoplasmic reticulum controls cell movement to repair tissue gaps
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Endoplasmic reticulum controls cell movement to repair tissue gaps

  • August 18, 2025
The body’s cells change their shape to close gaps such as wounds – with part of the cell…
Ireland
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