{"id":169022,"date":"2025-11-08T03:02:13","date_gmt":"2025-11-08T03:02:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/169022\/"},"modified":"2025-11-08T03:02:13","modified_gmt":"2025-11-08T03:02:13","slug":"natural-carbon-uptake-by-ocean-biology-will-not-deliver-credible-carbon-credits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/169022\/","title":{"rendered":"Natural carbon uptake by ocean biology will not deliver credible carbon credits"},"content":{"rendered":"<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"1.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR1\">Smith, S. M. et al. The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal 2nd edn <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stateofcdr.org\/edition-2-resources-1\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"https:\/\/www.stateofcdr.org\/edition-2-resources-1\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.stateofcdr.org\/edition-2-resources-1<\/a> (2024).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"2.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR2\">Lecerf, M. et al. Coastal and marine ecosystems as nature-based solutions in new or updated nationally determined contributions. Wetlands International <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wetlands.org\/publication\/coastal-and-marine-ecosystems-as-nature-based-solutions-in-new-or-updated-nationally-determined-contributions\/\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"https:\/\/www.wetlands.org\/publication\/coastal-and-marine-ecosystems-as-nature-based-solutions-in-new-or-updated-nationally-determined-contributions\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.wetlands.org\/publication\/coastal-and-marine-ecosystems-as-nature-based-solutions-in-new-or-updated-nationally-determined-contributions\/<\/a> (2021).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"3.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR3\">Krause-Jensen, D. et al. Sequestration of macroalgal carbon: the elephant in the Blue Carbon room. Biol. Lett. <b>14<\/b>, 20180236 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2018.0236\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2018.0236\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frsbl.2018.0236\" aria-label=\"Article reference 3\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2018.0236\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 3\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Sequestration%20of%20macroalgal%20carbon%3A%20the%20elephant%20in%20the%20Blue%20Carbon%20room&amp;journal=Biol.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frsbl.2018.0236&amp;volume=14&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Krause-Jensen%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"4.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR4\">James, K., Macreadie, P. I., Burdett, H. L., Davies, I. &amp; Kamenos, N. A. It\u2019s time to broaden what we consider a \u2018blue carbon ecosystem\u2019. Glob. Change Biol. <b>30<\/b>, e17261 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/gcb.17261\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/gcb.17261\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fgcb.17261\" aria-label=\"Article reference 4\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/gcb.17261\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB2cXpvFensLg%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 4\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 4\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=It%E2%80%99s%20time%20to%20broaden%20what%20we%20consider%20a%20%E2%80%98blue%20carbon%20ecosystem%E2%80%99&amp;journal=Glob.%20Change%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fgcb.17261&amp;volume=30&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=James%2CK&amp;author=Macreadie%2CPI&amp;author=Burdett%2CHL&amp;author=Davies%2CI&amp;author=Kamenos%2CNA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"5.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR5\">Berzaghi, F. et al. Global distribution, quantification and valuation of the biological carbon pump. Nat. Clim. Change <b>15<\/b>, 385\u2013392 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41558-025-02295-0\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41558-025-02295-0\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41558-025-02295-0\" aria-label=\"Article reference 5\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41558-025-02295-0\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 5\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Global%20distribution%2C%20quantification%20and%20valuation%20of%20the%20biological%20carbon%20pump&amp;journal=Nat.%20Clim.%20Change&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41558-025-02295-0&amp;volume=15&amp;pages=385-392&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Berzaghi%2CF\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"6.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR6\">United Nations Global Compact. The Plankton Manifesto: A Call for Plankton-Based Solutions to Address the Triple Planetary Crisis. <a href=\"https:\/\/unglobalcompact.org\/library\/6242\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"https:\/\/unglobalcompact.org\/library\/6242\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/unglobalcompact.org\/library\/6242<\/a> (2024).\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"7.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR7\">Frenger, I. et al. Misconceptions of the marine biological carbon pump in a changing climate: Thinking outside the \u201cexport\u201d box. Glob. Change Biol. <b>30<\/b>, e17124 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/gcb.17124\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/gcb.17124\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fgcb.17124\" aria-label=\"Article reference 7\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/gcb.17124\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB2cXnvFOgsg%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 7\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 7\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Misconceptions%20of%20the%20marine%20biological%20carbon%20pump%20in%20a%20changing%20climate%3A%20Thinking%20outside%20the%20%E2%80%9Cexport%E2%80%9D%20box&amp;journal=Glob.%20Change%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fgcb.17124&amp;volume=30&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Frenger%2CI\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"8.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR8\">Henson, S. A. et al. Uncertain response of ocean biological carbon export in a changing world. Nat. Geosci. <b>15<\/b>, 248\u2013254 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41561-022-00927-0\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41561-022-00927-0\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41561-022-00927-0\" aria-label=\"Article reference 8\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41561-022-00927-0\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB38XpvVKhtLc%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 8\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 8\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Uncertain%20response%20of%20ocean%20biological%20carbon%20export%20in%20a%20changing%20world&amp;journal=Nat.%20Geosci.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41561-022-00927-0&amp;volume=15&amp;pages=248-254&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Henson%2CSA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"9.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR9\">Mathis, M. et al. Enhanced CO2 uptake of the coastal ocean is dominated by biological carbon fixation. Nat. Clim. Change <b>14<\/b>, 373\u2013379 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41558-024-01956-w\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41558-024-01956-w\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41558-024-01956-w\" aria-label=\"Article reference 9\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41558-024-01956-w\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB2cXms1Wru7c%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 9\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 9\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Enhanced%20CO2%20uptake%20of%20the%20coastal%20ocean%20is%20dominated%20by%20biological%20carbon%20fixation&amp;journal=Nat.%20Clim.%20Change&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41558-024-01956-w&amp;volume=14&amp;pages=373-379&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Mathis%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"10.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR10\">Doney, S. C. et al. Observational and numerical modeling constraints on the global ocean biological carbon pump. Global Biogeochem. Cycles <b>38<\/b>, e2024GB008156 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1029\/2024GB008156\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1029\/2024GB008156\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029%2F2024GB008156\" aria-label=\"Article reference 10\" data-doi=\"10.1029\/2024GB008156\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB2cXhsFSlsrjI\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 10\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 10\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Observational%20and%20numerical%20modeling%20constraints%20on%20the%20global%20ocean%20biological%20carbon%20pump&amp;journal=Global%20Biogeochem.%20Cycles&amp;doi=10.1029%2F2024GB008156&amp;volume=38&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Doney%2CSC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"11.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR11\">Berger, M., Comte, A., Kwiatkowski, L. &amp; Bopp, L. Unaccountable counting: the folly of incorporating open ocean carbon sinks in Nationally Determined Contributions. C. R. G\u00e9osci. <b>356<\/b>, 123\u2013137 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.5802\/crgeos.271\" data-track-item_id=\"10.5802\/crgeos.271\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5802%2Fcrgeos.271\" aria-label=\"Article reference 11\" data-doi=\"10.5802\/crgeos.271\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 11\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Unaccountable%20counting%3A%20the%20folly%20of%20incorporating%20open%20ocean%20carbon%20sinks%20in%20Nationally%20Determined%20Contributions&amp;journal=C.%20R.%20G%C3%A9osci.&amp;doi=10.5802%2Fcrgeos.271&amp;volume=356&amp;pages=123-137&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Berger%2CM&amp;author=Comte%2CA&amp;author=Kwiatkowski%2CL&amp;author=Bopp%2CL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Smith, S. M. et al. The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal 2nd edn https:\/\/www.stateofcdr.org\/edition-2-resources-1 (2024). Lecerf, M. et&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":169023,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[269],"tags":[14697,18,440,910,19,17,38373,133],"class_list":{"0":"post-169022","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-environment","8":"tag-earth-sciences","9":"tag-eire","10":"tag-environment","11":"tag-general","12":"tag-ie","13":"tag-ireland","14":"tag-ocean-sciences","15":"tag-science"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@ie\/115511856007703228","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/169022","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=169022"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/169022\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/169023"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=169022"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=169022"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=169022"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}