{"id":194116,"date":"2025-11-22T09:33:08","date_gmt":"2025-11-22T09:33:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/194116\/"},"modified":"2025-11-22T09:33:08","modified_gmt":"2025-11-22T09:33:08","slug":"propofol-exerted-the-neuroprotective-effects-by-regulating-renin-angiotensin-system-and-mitochondria-associated-endoplasmic-reticulum-membrane-in-the-postoperative-cognitive-dysfunction-bmc-anesthes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/194116\/","title":{"rendered":"Propofol exerted the neuroprotective effects by regulating renin-angiotensin system and mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane in the postoperative cognitive dysfunction | BMC Anesthesiology"},"content":{"rendered":"
  • \n

    Skvarc D R, Berk M, Byrne L K, et al. Post-Operative cognitive dysfunction: an exploration of the inflammatory hypothesis and novel therapies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018;84:116\u201333.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Yang X, Huang X, Li M, et al. Identification of individuals at risk for postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2022;15:17562864221114356.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Evered LA, Silbert BS. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and noncardiac surgery. Anesth Analg. 2018;127(2):496\u2013505.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Menser C. Emergence agitation and delirium: considerations for epidemiology and routine monitoring in pediatric patients. Locoregional Anesth. 2020;13:73\u201383.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Li X, Deng X, Huang Z, et al. Relationship between heart rate variability and postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients. Am J Health Behav. 2023;47(1):65\u201374.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Safari S, Ahmadi N, Mohammadkhani R, et al. Sex differences in spatial learning and memory and hippocampal long-term potentiation at perforant pathway-dentate gyrus (PP-DG) synapses in Wistar rats. Behav Brain Funct. 2021;17(1):9.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Evered L, Silbert B, Knopman DS, et al. Recommendations for the nomenclature of cognitive change associated with anaesthesia and surgery-2018. Br J Anaesth. 2018;121(5):1005\u201312.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Jembrek MJ, Vlainic J. Propofol: a new look at an old drug. Eur J Pharmacol. 2015;769:108\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2015.11.009<\/a>.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Saravanan B, Kundra P, Mishra SK, et al. Effect of anaesthetic agents on olfactory threshold and identification – a single blinded randomised controlled study. Indian J Anaesth. 2018;62(8):592\u20138.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Miller D, Lewis SR, Pritchard MW, et al. Intravenous versus inhalational maintenance of anaesthesia for postoperative cognitive outcomes in elderly people undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;8(8):Cd012317.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Kapoor I, Prabhakar H. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Indian journal of critical care medicine: peer-reviewed Official Publication Indian Soc Crit Care Med. 2019;23(Suppl 2):S162-4.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Liu P, Shen Y, Liu C. Does propofol definitely improve postoperative cognitive dysfunction? A review of propofol-related cognitive impairment. Front Aging Neurosci. 2022;14:888329.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Zhang Z, Zhao R, Chen Z, Yuan Y, Zhang Y. Unraveling the role and mechanism of mitochondria in postoperative cognitive dysfunction. J Neuroinflammation. 2024;21(1):74.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Kanugula A K, Kaur J, Batra J, et al. Renin-Angiotensin system: updated Understanding and role in physiological and pathophysiological States. Cureus. 2023;15(6):e40725.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Rodrigues Prestes TR, Rocha NP, Miranda AS, et al. The anti-inflammatory potential of ACE2\/Angiotensin-(1\u20137)\/Mas receptor axis: evidence from basic and clinical research. Curr Drug Targets. 2017;18(11):1301\u201313.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Yang J, Yang Y, Tan X, et al. Unlocking the potential of the ACE2\/Ang-(1\u20137)\/Mas axis in liver diseases: from molecular mechanisms to translational applications. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2025;27(8):4069\u201382.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Lucas LC, Kimbark KD, Vernail VL, Le T. Angiotensin-(1\u20137) protective effects in neurocognitive disorders: molecular mechanisms to therapeutic implications. Front Physiol. 2025;16:1565270.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Varshney V, Garabadu D. Ang (1\u20137)\/Mas receptor-axis activation promotes amyloid beta-induced altered mitochondrial bioenergetics in discrete brain regions of Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like rats. Neuropeptides. 2021;86:102123.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Ishrat Ismaelsahmedha, Sayeed T. Renin-Angiotensin system alterations in the human alzheimer\u2019s disease brain. J Alzheimers Dis. 2021;84(3):1181\u201394.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Zhang P, Konja D, Zhang Y, et al. Communications between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis. Cells. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells10092195<\/a>.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Prudent PAUPEV. New insights into the role of mitochondrial calcium homeostasis in cell migration. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018;500(1):75\u201386.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Loncke J, Kaasik A, Bezprozvanny I, et al. Balancing ER-mitochondrial Ca(2+) fluxes in health and disease. Trends Cell Biol. 2021;31(7):598\u2013612.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Zhang D, Wang F, Li P, et al. Mitochondrial Ca(2+) homeostasis: emerging roles and clinical significance in cardiac remodeling. Int J Mol Sci. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23063025<\/a>.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Wang B, Lin X, Zhou J, et al. Insulin-like growth factor-1 improves postoperative cognitive dysfunction following splenectomy in aged rats. Exp Ther Med. 2021;21(3):215.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Qian XL, Zhang W, Liu MZ, et al. Dexmedetomidine improves early postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aged mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 2015;746:206\u201312.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Bi Y, Liu S, Yu X, et al. Adaptive and regulatory mechanisms in aged rats with postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Neural Regen Res. 2014;9(5):534\u20139.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Bromley-Brits K, Deng Y, Song W. Morris water maze test for learning and memory deficits in Alzheimer\u2019s disease model mice. J Visualized Experiments. 2011;53:2920.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Vorhees CV, Williams MT. Morris water maze: procedures for assessing spatial and related forms of learning and memory. Nat Protoc. 2006;1(2):848\u201358.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Zhang J, Wei SY, Yuan L, et al. Davunetide improves spatial learning and memory in Alzheimer\u2019s disease-associated rats. Physiol Behav. 2017;174:67\u201373.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Li J, Qi F, Su H, et al. GRP75-faciliated mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM) integrity controls Cisplatin-resistance in ovarian cancer patients. Int J Biol Sci. 2022;18(7):2914\u201331.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Mao M, Xu Y, Zhang XY, et al. Microrna-195 prevents hippocampal microglial\/macrophage polarization towards the M1 phenotype induced by chronic brain hypoperfusion through regulating CX3CL1\/CX3CR1 signaling. J Neuroinflammation. 2020;17(1):244.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Liu Q, Sun YM, Huang H, et al. Sirtuin 3 protects against anesthesia\/surgery-induced cognitive decline in aged mice by suppressing hippocampal neuroinflammation. J Neuroinflammation. 2021;18(1):41.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Li WX, Luo RY, Chen C, et al. Effects of propofol, dexmedetomidine, and midazolam on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients: a randomized controlled preliminary trial. Chin Med J. 2019;132(4):437\u201345.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Liu P, Zhao S, Qiao H, et al. Does Propofol definitely improve postoperative cognitive dysfunction?-a review of Propofol-related cognitive impairment. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin. 2022;54(7):875\u201381.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Besch G, Vettoretti L, Claveau M, et al. Early post-operative cognitive dysfunction after closed-loop versus manual target controlled-infusion of propofol and remifentanil in patients undergoing elective major non-cardiac surgery: protocol of the randomized controlled single-blind POCD-ELA trial. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(40):e12558.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Wright JW, Harding JW. Contributions by the brain renin-angiotensin system to memory, cognition, and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2019;67(2):469\u201380.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Abiodun OA, Ola MS. Role of brain renin angiotensin system in neurodegeneration: an update. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2020;27(3):905\u201312.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Kangussu LM, Marzano LAS, Souza CF, et al. The renin-angiotensin system and the cerebrovascular diseases: experimental and clinical evidence. Protein Peptide Lett. 2020;27(6):463\u201375.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Kamel A S, Abdelkader N F, Abd El-rahman S, S, et al. Stimulation of ACE2\/ANG(1\u20137)\/Mas axis by diminazene ameliorates alzheimer\u2019s disease in the D-Galactose-Ovariectomized rat model: role of PI3K\/Akt pathway. Mol Neurobiol. 2018;55(10):8188\u2013202.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Yin Z, Gong G, Zhu C, et al. Angiopoietin-1 protects neurons by inhibiting autophagy after neuronal oxygen-glucose deprivation\/recovery injury. Neuroreport. 2020;31(11):825\u201332.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Zhao B, Wang Z, Liang X, et al. Inhibition of the postsynaptic density protein 95 on the protective effect of Ang-(1\u20137)-Mas on cerebral ischaemia injury. Stroke Vasc Neurol. 2022;7(6):500\u20139.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Yin J, Gong G. Angiopoietin: a novel neuroprotective\/neurotrophic agent. Neuroscience. 2019;411:177\u201384.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Yuan N, Wang X, Zhang Y, et al. Intervention of NF-\u039ab signaling pathway and preventing Post-Operative cognitive dysfunction as well as neuronal apoptosis. Iran J Public Health. 2022;51(1):124\u201332.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Li Y, Yuan Y, Li Y, et al. Inhibition of \u03b1-synuclein accumulation improves neuronal apoptosis and delayed postoperative cognitive recovery in aged mice. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021;2021:5572899.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Kundura L, Gimenez S, Cezar R, et al. Angiotensin II induces reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, and T-cell apoptosis in severe COVID-19. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2022;150(3):594\u2013e6032.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Wang S, Tan Y, Yang T, et al. Pulmonary AngII promotes LPS-induced lung inflammation by regulating microRNA-143. Cytotechnology. 2021;73(5):745\u201354.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Zhong X, Song Z, Ning Z, et al. Inhibition of Src improves cardiac fibrosis in AngII-induced hypertrophy by regulating the expression of galectin-3. Microvasc Res. 2022;142:104347.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Wang H, Peng X, Huang Y, et al. Propofol attenuates hypoxia\/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis and autophagy in HK-2 cells by inhibiting JNK activation. Yonsei Med J. 2019;60(12):1195\u2013202.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Pili-Floury S Samaine, Bouillier H, et al. Effect of Propofol on vasoconstriction and calcium mobilization induced by angiotensin II differs in aortas from normotensive and hypertensive rats. Volume 31. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology;\u00a02004;31(3): 163-8.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Kuriyama T, Tokinaga Y, Tange K, et al. Propofol attenuates angiotensin II-induced vasoconstriction by inhibiting Ca2+-dependent and PKC-mediated Ca 2\u2009+\u2009sensitization mechanisms. J Anesth. 2012;26(5):682\u20138.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Jeong SY, Seol DW. The role of mitochondria in apoptosis. BMB Rep. 2008;41(1):11\u201322.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Park SJ, Li C, Chen YM. Endoplasmic reticulum calcium homeostasis in kidney disease: pathogenesis and therapeutic targets. Am J Pathol. 2021;191(2):256\u201365.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Marchi S, Patergnani S, Missiroli S, et al. Mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum calcium homeostasis and cell death. Cell Calcium. 2018;69:62\u201372.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Markovinovic A, Greig J, MART\u00edN-GUERRERO SM, et al. Endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria signaling in neurons and neurodegenerative diseases. J Cell Sci. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jcs.248534<\/a>.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Patergnani S, Suski JM, Agnoletto C, et al. Calcium signaling around mitochondria associated membranes (MAMs). Cell Commun Signal. 2011;9:19.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Li Z, Cao Y, Li L, et al. Prophylactic angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonism confers neuroprotection in an aged rat model of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2014;449(1):74\u201380.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Ivascu R, Torsin L I Hostiucl et al. The surgical stress response and anesthesia: A narrative review. J Clin Med, 2024;13(10):3017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13103017<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Li M, Xiao Y, Dai L, et al. Endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria crosstalk: new mechanisms in the development of atherosclerosis. Front Endocrinol. 2025;16:1573499.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Kim JH, Jung H, Lee Y, et al. Surgery performed under Propofol anesthesia induces cognitive impairment and amyloid pathology in ApoE4 knock-in mouse model. Front Aging Neurosci. 2021;13:658860.<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Skvarc D R, Berk M, Byrne L K, et al. Post-Operative cognitive dysfunction: an exploration of the inflammatory…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":190915,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[78],"tags":[72535,18,28667,135,19,61134,1911,17,107985,30366,107984,107983,107986],"class_list":{"0":"post-194116","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-health","8":"tag-anesthesiology","9":"tag-eire","10":"tag-emergency-medicine","11":"tag-health","12":"tag-ie","13":"tag-intensive-critical-care-medicine","14":"tag-internal-medicine","15":"tag-ireland","16":"tag-mitochondria-associated-endoplasmic-reticulum-membrane","17":"tag-neuroprotection","18":"tag-postoperative-cognitive-dysfunction","19":"tag-propofol","20":"tag-renin-angiotensin-system"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@ie\/115592665717103565","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/194116","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=194116"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/194116\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/190915"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=194116"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=194116"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=194116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}