{"id":226189,"date":"2025-12-10T20:53:23","date_gmt":"2025-12-10T20:53:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/226189\/"},"modified":"2025-12-10T20:53:23","modified_gmt":"2025-12-10T20:53:23","slug":"observed-evaporative-cooling-of-urban-trees-and-lawns-during-heatwaves","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/226189\/","title":{"rendered":"Observed evaporative cooling of urban trees and lawns during heatwaves"},"content":{"rendered":"
  • \n

    Perkins, S. E., Alexander, L. & Nairn, J. Increasing frequency, intensity and duration of observed global heatwaves and warm spells. Geophys. Res. Lett. 39<\/b>, 20 (2012).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Zhao, Q. et al. Global, regional, and national burden of heatwave-related mortality from 1990 to 2019: a three-stage modelling study. PLoS Med. 21<\/b>, e1004364 (2024).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Sethi, S. S. & Vinoj, V. Urbanization and regional climate change-linked warming of Indian cities. Nat. Cities 1<\/b>, 402\u2013405 (2024).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Huang, S. et al. Widespread global exacerbation of extreme drought induced by urbanization. Nat. Cities 1<\/b>, 597\u2013609 (2024).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Rizwan, A. M., Dennis, L. Y. & Chunho, L. A review on the generation, determination and mitigation of urban heat Island. J. Environ. Sci. 20<\/b>, 120\u2013128 (2008).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Zou, Z. et al. Impacts of land use\/land cover types on interactions between urban heat island effects and heat waves. Build. Environ. 204<\/b>, 108138 (2021).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Ramamurthy, P. & Bou-Zeid, E. Heatwaves and urban heat islands: a comparative analysis of multiple cities. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 122<\/b>, 168\u2013178 (2017).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    John, J. & Rein, G. Heatwaves and firewaves: the drivers of urban wildfires in London in the summer of 2022. Fire Technol. 61<\/b>, 3451\u20133460 (2025).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Wang, Y., Lu, B. & Han, Z. Rapid increase of the nighttime electricity demand in Beijing due to compound heatwaves. Urban Clim. 50<\/b>, 101595 (2023).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Hoag, H. How cities can beat the heat: rising temperatures are threatening urban areas, but efforts to cool them may not work as planned. Nature 524<\/b>, 402\u2013405 (2015).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Yang, Y. et al. Regulation of humid heat by urban green space across a climate wetness gradient. Nat. Cities. 1<\/b>, 871\u2013879 (2024).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Wong, N. H., Tan, C. L., Kolokotsa, D. D. & Takebayashi, H. Greenery as a mitigation and adaptation strategy to urban heat. Nat. Rev. Earth Environ. 2<\/b>, 166\u2013181 (2021).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Qiu, G. Y., Yan, C. & Liu, Y. Urban evapotranspiration and its effects on water budget and energy balance: review and perspectives. Earth-Science Reviews 246<\/b>, 104577 (2023).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Trenberth, K. E., Fasullo, J. T. & Kiehl, J. Earth\u2019s global energy budget. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 90<\/b>, 311\u2013324 (2009).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Jongen, H. J. et al. Urban water storage capacity inferred from observed evapotranspiration recession. Geophys. Res. Lett. 49<\/b>, e2021GL096069 (2022).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Eyster, H. N. & Beckage, B. Conifers may ameliorate urban heat waves better than broadleaf trees: evidence from Vancouver, Canada. Atmosphere 13<\/b>, 830 (2022).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Teuling, A. J. et al. Contrasting response of European forest and grassland energy exchange to heatwaves. Nat. Geosci. 3<\/b>, 722\u2013727 (2010).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Ahongshangbam, J. et al. Sap flow and leaf gas exchange response to drought and heatwave in urban green spaces in a Nordic city. Biogeosci. Discuss. 2023<\/b>, 1\u201332 (2023).<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Haase, D., Haase, A. & Rink, D. Conceptualizing the nexus between urban shrinkage and ecosystem services. Landscape Urban Plann. 132<\/b>, 159\u2013169 (2014).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Mu, M. et al. Exploring how groundwater buffers the influence of heatwaves on vegetation function during multi-year droughts. Earth Syst. Dyn. Discuss. 2021<\/b>, 1\u201329 (2021).<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Brancaleoni, L. & Gerdol, R. Habitat-dependent interactive effects of a heatwave and experimental fertilization on the vegetation of an alpine mire. J. Veg. Sci.25<\/b>, 427\u2013438 (2014).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    O\u2019sullivan, O. S. et al. Thermal limits of leaf metabolism across biomes. Global Change Biol. 23<\/b>, 209\u2013223 (2017).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Drake, J. E. et al. Trees tolerate an extreme heatwave via sustained transpirational cooling and increased leaf thermal tolerance. Global Change Biol. 24<\/b>, 2390\u20132402 (2018).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Ameye, M. et al. The effect of induced heat waves on Pinus taeda and Quercus rubra seedlings in ambient and elevated CO2 atmospheres. New Phytol. 196<\/b>, 448\u2013461 (2012).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Kong, X. et al. Trees in cooler regions are more vulnerable to thermal stress: evidence from temperate poplar plantations in Northern China during the 2022 heatwaves. Agric. For. Meteorol. 356<\/b>, 110181 (2024).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Bakhtsiyarava, M. et al. Potential drivers of urban green space availability in Latin American cities. Nat. Cities. 1<\/b>, 842\u2013852 (2024).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Winbourne, J. B. et al. Tree transpiration and urban temperatures: current understanding, implications, and future research directions. BioScience 70<\/b>, 576\u2013588 (2020).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    B\u00fchler, O. et al. Tree development in structural soil\u2013an empirical below-ground in-situ study of urban trees in Copenhagen, Denmark. Plant Soil 413<\/b>, 29\u201344 (2017).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Meili, N. et al. An urban ecohydrological model to quantify the effect of vegetation on urban climate and hydrology (UT&C v1. 0). Geosci. Model Dev. 13<\/b>, 335\u2013362 (2020).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Teskey, R. et al. Responses of tree species to heat waves and extreme heat events. Plant Cell Environ. 38<\/b>, 1699\u20131712 (2015).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Joo, E., Zeri, M., Hussain, M. Z., DeLucia, E. H. & Bernacchi, C. J. Enhanced evapotranspiration was observed during extreme drought from Miscanthus, opposite of other crops. GCB Bioenergy 9<\/b>, 1306\u20131319 (2017).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Perera, R. S., Cullen, B. R. & Eckard, R. J. Growth and physiological responses of temperate pasture species to consecutive heat and drought stresses. Plants 8<\/b>, 227 (2019).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Jiang, Y. & Huang, B. Drought and heat stress injury to two cool-season turfgrasses in relation to antioxidant metabolism and lipid peroxidation. Crop Sci. 41<\/b>, 436\u2013442 (2001).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Zou, Z. et al. Different responses of evapotranspiration rates of urban lawn and tree to meteorological factors and soil water in hot summer in a subtropical megacity. Forests 12<\/b>, 1463 (2021).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Thienelt, T. S. & Anderson, D. E. Estimates of energy partitioning, evapotranspiration, and net ecosystem exchange of CO2 for an urban lawn and a tallgrass prairie in the Denver metropolitan area under contrasting conditions. Urban Ecosyst. 24<\/b>, 1201\u20131220 (2021).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Buwalda, J. & Lenz, F. Water use by European pear trees growing in drainage lysimeters. J. Hortic. Sci. 70<\/b>, 531\u2013540 (1995).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Scharfst\u00e4dt, L. et al. From oasis to desert: the struggle of urban green spaces amid heatwaves and water scarcity. Sustainability 16<\/b>, 3373 (2024).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Hilaire, R. S. et al. Efficient water use in residential urban landscapes. HortScience 43<\/b>, 2081\u20132092 (2008).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Ignatieva, M., Haase, D., Dushkova, D. & Haase, A. Lawns in cities: from a globalised urban green space phenomenon to sustainable nature-based solutions. Land 9<\/b>, 73 (2020).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Haase, D. et al. A quantitative review of urban ecosystem service assessments: concepts, models, and implementation. Ambio 43<\/b>, 413\u2013433 (2014).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Esperon-Rodriguez, M., Power, S. A., Tjoelker, M. G., Marchin, R. M. & Rymer, P. D. Contrasting heat tolerance of urban trees to extreme temperatures during heatwaves. Urban For. Urban Greening 66<\/b>, 127387 (2021).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Bachofen, C. et al. High transpirational cooling by urban trees despite extreme summer heatwaves. Urban For. Urban Greening 107<\/b>, 128819 (2025).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Gauthey, A. et al. Absence of canopy temperature variation despite stomatal adjustment in Pinus sylvestris under multidecadal soil moisture manipulation. New Phytol. 240<\/b>, 19136 (2023).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Bijoor, N. S., McCarthy, H. R., Zhang, D. & Pataki, D. E. Water sources of urban trees in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Urban Ecosyst. 15<\/b>, 195\u2013214 (2012).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    McCarthy, H. R., Pataki, D. E. & Jenerette, G. D. Plant water-use efficiency as a metric of urban ecosystem services. Ecol. Appl. 21<\/b>, 3115\u20133127 (2011).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Bartens, J., Day, S. D., Harris, J. R., Wynn, T. M. & Dove, J. E. Transpiration and root development of urban trees in structural soil stormwater reservoirs. Environ. Manage. 44<\/b>, 646\u2013657 (2009).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Hayat, M., Xu, X. & Liu, R. Hydroclimatic constraints on tree transpiration-induced cooling across global biomes. Geophys. Res. Lett. 52<\/b>, e2024GL113551 (2025).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Qin, L. et al. High-resolution spatio-temporal characteristics of urban evapotranspiration measured by unmanned aerial vehicle and infrared remote sensing. Build. Environ. 222<\/b>, 109389 (2022).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Potchter, O., Cohen, P. & Bitan, A. Climatic behavior of various urban parks during hot and humid summer in the Mediterranean city of Tel Aviv, Israel. Int. J. Climatol. 26<\/b>, 1695\u20131711 (2006).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Nichol, J. E. High-resolution surface temperature patterns related to urban morphology in a tropical city: a satellite-based study. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. 35<\/b>, 135\u2013146 (1996).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Wang, C., Wang, Z. H. & Yang, J. Cooling effect of urban trees on the built environment of contiguous United States. Earth\u2019s Future 6<\/b>, 1066\u20131081 (2018).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Dyer, D. W., Patrignani, A. & Bremer, D. Measuring turfgrass canopy interception and throughfall using co-located pluviometers. PLoS ONE 17<\/b>, e0271236 (2022).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Ettinger, A. K. et al. Street trees provide an opportunity to mitigate urban heat and reduce risk of high heat exposure. Sci. Rep. 14<\/b>, 3266 (2024).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Bowen, I. S. The ratio of heat losses by conduction and by evaporation from any water surface. Phys. Rev. 27<\/b>, 779 (1926).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Perez, P., Castellvi, F., Ibanez, M. & Rosell, J. Assessment of reliability of Bowen ratio method for partitioning fluxes. Agric. For. Meteorol. 97<\/b>, 141\u2013150 (1999).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Granier, A. Evaluation of transpiration in a Douglas-fir stand by means of sap flow measurements. Tree Physiol. 3<\/b>, 309\u2013320 (1987).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Pataki, D. E., McCarthy, H. R., Litvak, E. & Pincetl, S. Transpiration of urban forests in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Ecol. Appl. 21<\/b>, 661\u2013677 (2011).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Lu, P., Urban, L. & Zhao, P. Granier\u2019s thermal dissipation probe (TDP) method for measuring sap flow in trees: theory and practice. Acta Botan. Sin. 46<\/b>, 631\u2013646 (2004).<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Granier, A. & Gross, P. Mesure du flux de s\u00e8ve brute dans le tronc du Douglas par une nouvelle m\u00e9thode thermique. Ann. Sci. For. 44<\/b>, 1\u201314 (1987).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Monteith, J. L., Unsworth, M. H. & Webb, A. Principles of environmental physics. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 120<\/b>, 1699 (1994).<\/p>\n


    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Phillips, N. & Oren, R. A comparison of daily representations of canopy conductance based on two conditional time-averaging methods and the dependence of daily conductance on environmental factors. Ann. Sci. For. 55<\/b>, 217\u2013235 (1998).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Oishi, A. C., Hawthorne, D. A. & Oren, R. Baseliner: an open-source, interactive tool for processing sap flux data from thermal dissipation probes. SoftwareX 5<\/b>, 139\u2013143 (2016).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Oren, R. et al. Survey and synthesis of intra-and interspecific variation in stomatal sensitivity to vapour pressure deficit. Plant Cell Environ. 22<\/b>, 1515\u20131526 (1999).<\/p>\n

    Article<\/a>\u00a0
    \n
    \n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Fang, T. et al. Experimental data from “Observed evaporative cooling of urban trees and lawns during heatwaves”. Figshare https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6084\/m9.figshare.30113521<\/a> (2025).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Perkins, S. E., Alexander, L. & Nairn, J. Increasing frequency, intensity and duration of observed global heatwaves and…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":226190,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[269],"tags":[4912,16645,63022,20208,18,440,6129,19,17,7021,29999,133,30000,14646,14648,30002,14645,30001],"class_list":{"0":"post-226189","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-environment","8":"tag-cities","9":"tag-civil-engineering","10":"tag-climate-change-adaptation","11":"tag-countries","12":"tag-eire","13":"tag-environment","14":"tag-environmental-impact","15":"tag-ie","16":"tag-ireland","17":"tag-natural-hazards","18":"tag-regions","19":"tag-science","20":"tag-sustainable-architecture-green-buildings","21":"tag-towns","22":"tag-urban-ecology","23":"tag-urban-economics","24":"tag-urban-geography-urbanism-inc-megacities","25":"tag-urban-studies-sociology"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@ie\/115697265097049714","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/226189","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=226189"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/226189\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/226190"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=226189"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=226189"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=226189"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}