{"id":476982,"date":"2026-05-09T22:45:20","date_gmt":"2026-05-09T22:45:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/476982\/"},"modified":"2026-05-09T22:45:20","modified_gmt":"2026-05-09T22:45:20","slug":"humans-may-have-hidden-regenerative-powers-new-study-suggests","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/476982\/","title":{"rendered":"Humans May Have Hidden Regenerative Powers, New Study Suggests"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Conceptual<\/a>A conceptual graphic shows how growth factors BMP2 and FGF2 are applied to the injury site to stimulate tissue regeneration, highlighting new research into restoring damaged digits. Credit: Melissa Bristow\/Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences<\/p>\n

Researchers have successfully regenerated skeletal and connective tissue, although the new tissue was not perfectly formed. The result demonstrates a critical step forward in limb regeneration.<\/strong><\/p>\n

For centuries, scientists have viewed the inability to regrow lost body parts as a major biological limit for humans and other mammals. Salamanders and some other animals can regenerate entire limbs, but people usually heal serious injuries by forming scar tissue.<\/p>\n

New research from the Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (VMBS)<\/a> suggests that this limitation may not be absolute. The ability to regenerate tissue may still exist in mammals, but it may be hidden within the body\u2019s ordinary healing response.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhy some animals can regenerate and others, particularly humans, can\u2019t is a big question that has been asked since Aristotle,\u201d said Dr. Ken Muneoka, a professor in the VMBS\u2019 Department of Veterinary Physiology & Pharmacology (VTPP). \u201cI\u2019ve spent my career trying to understand that.\u201d<\/p>\n

In a study published in Nature Communications, Muneoka and his colleagues describe a new two-step treatment that triggered the regrowth of bone, joint structures, and ligaments. The regenerated tissues were not perfectly formed, but the researchers say the method could have near-term value for reducing scar formation and improving tissue repair after amputations.<\/p>\n

Redirecting the body\u2019s natural response<\/p>\n

When mammals are injured, the body usually responds through fibrosis. In this process, fibroblast cells quickly seal the wound and create scar tissue. That rapid closure helps protect the body, but it also prevents missing structures from being rebuilt.<\/p>\n

In animals that can regenerate, such as salamanders, similar cells gather into a blastema. This temporary structure acts as a foundation for new tissue growth.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s as if these cells can move in two different directions,\u201d Muneoka said. \u201cThey could either make a scar or make a blastema. Our research focused on redirecting the behavior of fibroblasts already present at the injury site.\u201d<\/p>\n

To find out whether mammalian healing could be pushed toward regeneration, the researchers created a sequential treatment using two growth factors that are already well studied.<\/p>\n

The first step was to apply fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) after the wound had closed. This allowed the body to finish its usual healing process before the researchers \u201cchanged what happens next,\u201d Muneoka said.<\/p>\n

FGF2 encouraged the formation of a blastema-like structure, which normally does not appear in mammals after this kind of injury. Several days later, the researchers applied a second treatment, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), which prompted those cells to begin building new tissue structures.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis is really a two-step process,\u201d Muneoka said. \u201cYou first shift the cells away from scarring, and then you provide the signals that tell them what to build.\u201d<\/p>\n

Challenging assumptions about regeneration<\/p>\n

One major takeaway from the study is that regeneration may not require adding outside stem cells, a common goal in many regenerative medicine strategies.<\/p>\n

\u201cYou don\u2019t have to actually get stem cells and put them back in,\u201d Muneoka said. \u201cThey\u2019re already there \u2014 you just need to learn how to get them to behave the way you want.\u201d<\/p>\n

Dr. Larry Suva, a VTPP professor who contributed to the study, said the work changes how scientists view the boundaries of mammalian healing.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe cells that we thought to be unprogrammable, in fact are,\u201d Suva said. \u201cThe capacity is not absent \u2014 it\u2019s just obscured.\u201d<\/p>\n

The researchers also found that cells could be redirected to form structures outside their original position. This process, known as positional re-specification, is important during development.<\/p>\n

In practical terms, that means cells that would normally help form one body region can be guided to rebuild a different structure after injury.<\/p>\n

Imperfect but complete regrowth<\/p>\n

The regenerated structures did not perfectly match the original anatomy. Even so, the researchers were able to restore all the main components removed during amputation, including bone, tendon, ligament, and joint tissue.<\/p>\n

The regrowth included both skeletal and connective tissues arranged in a way that reflected the natural structure.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe regenerated what you would expect to see at that level of injury,\u201d Muneoka said. \u201cThe structures are there \u2014 just not in a perfect form.\u201d<\/p>\n

The study also showed that regeneration depends on several biological pathways rather than one simple mechanism, suggesting that rebuilding tissue is a more complex process than activating a single switch.<\/p>\n

Potential applications in human healing<\/p>\n

The work is still at an early stage, but it could have more immediate relevance for improving wound repair.<\/p>\n

Instead of aiming first to regrow entire body parts, the researchers think the approach may initially help reduce scarring and promote better tissue healing.<\/p>\n

\u201cPeople should start thinking about using these signals during the healing process,\u201d Muneoka said. \u201cEven shifting the response slightly away from scarring could have real benefits.\u201d<\/p>\n

Because BMP2 is already FDA-approved for some medical uses, and FGF2 is being tested in multiple clinical trials, the path toward clinical investigation may be more accessible than it would be for entirely new treatments.<\/p>\n

A new direction for regenerative medicine<\/p>\n

The study points to a different way of thinking about mammalian regeneration. Rather than being completely lost, the ability may still be present but inactive.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis changes the way we think about what\u2019s possible,\u201d Suva said. \u201cOnce you show that regeneration can be activated, it opens the door to asking entirely new questions.\u201d<\/p>\n

For Muneoka, those questions have shaped decades of research and now have a stronger experimental basis<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u201cRegenerative failure in mammals can be rescued,\u201d he said. \u201cNow we have a model to begin figuring out how.\u201d<\/p>\n

Reference: \u201cDigit regeneration in mice is stimulated by sequential treatment with FGF2 and BMP2\u201d by Ling Yu, Mingquan Yan, Katherine Zimmel Scaturro, Osama Qureshi, Yu-Lieh Lin, Benjamin B. Bartelle, C. Addison Smith, Daniel Osorio Hurtado, James J. Cai, Lindsay A. Dawson, Regina Brunauer, Larry J. Suva, Manjong Han, Connor P. Dolan and Ken Muneoka, 17 April 2026, Nature Communications.
DOI: 10.1038\/s41467-026-72066-8<\/a><\/p>\n

The research is funded by W911NF-06-1-0161 from DARPA to KM, W911NF-09-1-0305 from the US Army Research Center to KM, R01HD116825 to CPD, R01AG081812 to LAD, the John L. and Mary Wright Ebaugh Endowment Fund at Tulane University to KM, and Texas A&M University to KM.<\/p>\n

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