{"id":487123,"date":"2026-05-16T03:56:29","date_gmt":"2026-05-16T03:56:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/487123\/"},"modified":"2026-05-16T03:56:29","modified_gmt":"2026-05-16T03:56:29","slug":"extreme-lensing-signatures-revealed-by-correlations-of-simulated-black-hole-movies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/487123\/","title":{"rendered":"Extreme lensing signatures revealed by correlations of simulated black hole movies"},"content":{"rendered":"<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"1.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR1\">The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration et al. First M87 Event Horizon Telescope results. I. The shadow of the supermassive black hole. Astrophys. J. Lett. <b>875<\/b>, 1 (2019).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"2.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR2\">The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration et al. First M87 Event Horizon Telescope results. IV. Imaging the central supermassive black hole. Astrophys. J. Lett. <b>875<\/b>, 4 (2019).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"3.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR3\">The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration et al. First M87 Event Horizon Telescope results. V. Physical origin of the asymmetric ring. Astrophys. J. Lett. <b>875<\/b>, 5 (2019).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"4.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR4\">The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration et al. First M87 Event Horizon Telescope results. VI. The shadow and mass of the central black hole. Astrophys. J. <b>875<\/b>, 6 (2019).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"5.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR5\">The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration et al. First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope results. I. The shadow of the supermassive black hole in the center of the Milky Way. Astrophys. J. Lett. <b>930<\/b>, 12 (2022).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"6.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR6\">The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration et al. First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope results. III. Imaging of the galactic center supermassive black hole. Astrophys. J. Lett. <b>930<\/b>, 14 (2022).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"7.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR7\">The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration et al. First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope results. IV. Variability, morphology, and black hole mass. Astrophys. J. Lett. <b>930<\/b>, 15 (2022).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"8.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR8\">The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration et al. First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope results. V. Testing astrophysical models of the galactic center black hole. Astrophys. J. Lett. <b>930<\/b>, 16 (2022).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"9.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR9\">Dyson, F. W., Eddington, A. S. &amp; Davidson, C. IX. A determination of the deflection of light by the Sun\u2019s gravitational field, from observations made at the total eclipse of May 29, 1919. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A <b>220<\/b>, 291\u2013333 (1920).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rsta.1920.0009\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rsta.1920.0009\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frsta.1920.0009\" aria-label=\"Article reference 9\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rsta.1920.0009\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=1920RSPTA.220..291D\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 9\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 9\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=IX.%20A%20determination%20of%20the%20deflection%20of%20light%20by%20the%20Sun%E2%80%99s%20gravitational%20field%2C%20from%20observations%20made%20at%20the%20total%20eclipse%20of%20May%2029%2C%201919&amp;journal=Philos.%20Trans.%20R.%20Soc.%20Lond.%20Ser.%20A&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frsta.1920.0009&amp;volume=220&amp;pages=291-333&amp;publication_year=1920&amp;author=Dyson%2CFW&amp;author=Eddington%2CAS&amp;author=Davidson%2CC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"10.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR10\">The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration et al. First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope results. VI. Testing the black hole metric. Astrophys. J. Lett. <b>930<\/b>, 17 (2022).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"11.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR11\">Carter, B. Global structure of the Kerr family of gravitational fields. Phys. Rev. <b>174<\/b>, 1559\u20131571 (1968).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRev.174.1559\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRev.174.1559\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRev.174.1559\" aria-label=\"Article reference 11\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRev.174.1559\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=1968PhRv..174.1559C\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 11\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 11\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Global%20structure%20of%20the%20Kerr%20family%20of%20gravitational%20fields&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRev.174.1559&amp;volume=174&amp;pages=1559-1571&amp;publication_year=1968&amp;author=Carter%2CB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"12.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR12\">Bardeen, J. M. in Black Holes: Les Astres Occlus (eds Dewitt, C. &amp; Dewitt, B.S.) 215\u2013239 (Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, 1973).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"13.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR13\">Gralla, S. E., Lupsasca, A. &amp; Marrone, D. P. The shape of the black hole photon ring: a precise test of strong-field general relativity. Phys. Rev. D <b>102<\/b>, 124004 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.102.124004\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.102.124004\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevD.102.124004\" aria-label=\"Article reference 13\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.102.124004\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2020PhRvD.102l4004G\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 13\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"mathscinet reference\" data-track-action=\"mathscinet reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ams.org\/mathscinet-getitem?mr=4196871\" aria-label=\"MathSciNet reference 13\" target=\"_blank\">MathSciNet<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 13\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20shape%20of%20the%20black%20hole%20photon%20ring%3A%20a%20precise%20test%20of%20strong-field%20general%20relativity&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20D&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevD.102.124004&amp;volume=102&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Gralla%2CSE&amp;author=Lupsasca%2CA&amp;author=Marrone%2CDP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"14.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR14\">Gralla, S. E., Holz, D. E. &amp; Wald, R. M. Black hole shadows, photon rings, and lensing rings. Phys. Rev. D <b>100<\/b>, 024018 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.100.024018\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.100.024018\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevD.100.024018\" aria-label=\"Article reference 14\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.100.024018\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2019PhRvD.100b4018G\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 14\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 14\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Black%20hole%20shadows%2C%20photon%20rings%2C%20and%20lensing%20rings&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20D&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevD.100.024018&amp;volume=100&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Gralla%2CSE&amp;author=Holz%2CDE&amp;author=Wald%2CRM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"15.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR15\">Johnson, M. D. et al. Universal interferometric signatures of a black hole\u2019s photon ring. Sci. Adv. <b>6<\/b>, 1310 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz1310\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz1310\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fsciadv.aaz1310\" aria-label=\"Article reference 15\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz1310\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2020SciA....6.1310J\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 15\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 15\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Universal%20interferometric%20signatures%20of%20a%20black%20hole%E2%80%99s%20photon%20ring&amp;journal=Sci.%20Adv.&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fsciadv.aaz1310&amp;volume=6&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Johnson%2CMD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"16.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR16\">Wielgus, M. Photon rings of spherically symmetric black holes and robust tests of non-Kerr metrics. Phys. Rev. D <b>104<\/b>, 124058 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.104.124058\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.104.124058\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevD.104.124058\" aria-label=\"Article reference 16\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.104.124058\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2021PhRvD.104l4058W\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 16\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"mathscinet reference\" data-track-action=\"mathscinet reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ams.org\/mathscinet-getitem?mr=4363561\" aria-label=\"MathSciNet reference 16\" target=\"_blank\">MathSciNet<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 16\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Photon%20rings%20of%20spherically%20symmetric%20black%20holes%20and%20robust%20tests%20of%20non-Kerr%20metrics&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20D&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevD.104.124058&amp;volume=104&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Wielgus%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"17.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR17\">Palumbo, D. C. M. et al. Bayesian accretion modeling: axisymmetric equatorial emission in the Kerr spacetime. Astrophys. J. <b>939<\/b>, 107 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ac9ab7\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ac9ab7\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fac9ab7\" aria-label=\"Article reference 17\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ac9ab7\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022ApJ...939..107P\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 17\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 17\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Bayesian%20accretion%20modeling%3A%20axisymmetric%20equatorial%20emission%20in%20the%20Kerr%20spacetime&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fac9ab7&amp;volume=939&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Palumbo%2CDCM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"18.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR18\">Tiede, P. et al. Measuring photon rings with the ngEHT. Galaxies <b>10<\/b>, 111 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3390\/galaxies10060111\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3390\/galaxies10060111\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fgalaxies10060111\" aria-label=\"Article reference 18\" data-doi=\"10.3390\/galaxies10060111\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022Galax..10..111T\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 18\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 18\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Measuring%20photon%20rings%20with%20the%20ngEHT&amp;journal=Galaxies&amp;doi=10.3390%2Fgalaxies10060111&amp;volume=10&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Tiede%2CP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"19.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR19\">Vincent, F. H., Gralla, S. E., Lupsasca, A. &amp; Wielgus, M. Images and photon ring signatures of thick disks around black holes. Astron. Astrophys. <b>667<\/b>, 170 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202244339\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202244339\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202244339\" aria-label=\"Article reference 19\" data-doi=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202244339\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022A%26A...667A.170V\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 19\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 19\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Images%20and%20photon%20ring%20signatures%20of%20thick%20disks%20around%20black%20holes&amp;journal=Astron.%20Astrophys.&amp;doi=10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202244339&amp;volume=667&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Vincent%2CFH&amp;author=Gralla%2CSE&amp;author=Lupsasca%2CA&amp;author=Wielgus%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"20.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR20\">Jia, H., Quataert, E., Lupsasca, A. &amp; Wong, G. N. Photon ring interferometric signatures beyond the universal regime. Phys. Rev. D <b>110<\/b>, 083044 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.110.083044\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.110.083044\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevD.110.083044\" aria-label=\"Article reference 20\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.110.083044\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2024PhRvD.110h3044J\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 20\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"mathscinet reference\" data-track-action=\"mathscinet reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ams.org\/mathscinet-getitem?mr=4831622\" aria-label=\"MathSciNet reference 20\" target=\"_blank\">MathSciNet<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 20\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Photon%20ring%20interferometric%20signatures%20beyond%20the%20universal%20regime&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20D&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevD.110.083044&amp;volume=110&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Jia%2CH&amp;author=Quataert%2CE&amp;author=Lupsasca%2CA&amp;author=Wong%2CGN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"21.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR21\">Urso, I., Vincent, F. H., Wielgus, M., Paumard, T. &amp; Perrin, G. Gravity versus astrophysics in black hole images and photon rings: equatorial emissions and spherically symmetric space-times. Astron. Astrophys. <b>700<\/b>, 193 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202554919\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202554919\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202554919\" aria-label=\"Article reference 21\" data-doi=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202554919\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2025A%26A...700A.193U\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 21\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 21\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Gravity%20versus%20astrophysics%20in%20black%20hole%20images%20and%20photon%20rings%3A%20equatorial%20emissions%20and%20spherically%20symmetric%20space-times&amp;journal=Astron.%20Astrophys.&amp;doi=10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202554919&amp;volume=700&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Urso%2CI&amp;author=Vincent%2CFH&amp;author=Wielgus%2CM&amp;author=Paumard%2CT&amp;author=Perrin%2CG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"22.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR22\">Lockhart, W. &amp; Gralla, S. E. How narrow is the M87* ring\u2014II. A new geometric model. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. <b>517<\/b>, 2462\u20132470 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stac2743\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stac2743\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstac2743\" aria-label=\"Article reference 22\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stac2743\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022MNRAS.517.2462L\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 22\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 22\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=How%20narrow%20is%20the%20M87%2A%20ring%E2%80%94II.%20A%20new%20geometric%20model&amp;journal=Mon.%20Not.%20R.%20Astron.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstac2743&amp;volume=517&amp;pages=2462-2470&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Lockhart%2CW&amp;author=Gralla%2CSE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"23.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR23\">Paugnat, H., Lupsasca, A., Vincent, F. &amp; Wielgus, M. Photon ring test of the Kerr hypothesis: variation in the ring shape. Astron. Astrophys. <b>668<\/b>, 11 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202244216\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202244216\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202244216\" aria-label=\"Article reference 23\" data-doi=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202244216\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022A%26A...668A..11P\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 23\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 23\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Photon%20ring%20test%20of%20the%20Kerr%20hypothesis%3A%20variation%20in%20the%20ring%20shape&amp;journal=Astron.%20Astrophys.&amp;doi=10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202244216&amp;volume=668&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Paugnat%2CH&amp;author=Lupsasca%2CA&amp;author=Vincent%2CF&amp;author=Wielgus%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"24.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR24\">Gurvits, L. I. et al. The science case and challenges of space-borne sub-millimeter interferometry. Acta Astronaut. <b>196<\/b>, 314\u2013333 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.actaastro.2022.04.020\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.actaastro.2022.04.020\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.actaastro.2022.04.020\" aria-label=\"Article reference 24\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.actaastro.2022.04.020\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022AcAau.196..314G\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 24\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 24\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20science%20case%20and%20challenges%20of%20space-borne%20sub-millimeter%20interferometry&amp;journal=Acta%20Astronaut.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.actaastro.2022.04.020&amp;volume=196&amp;pages=314-333&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Gurvits%2CLI\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"25.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR25\">Hudson, B. et al. Orbital configurations of spaceborne interferometers for studying photon rings of supermassive black holes. Acta Astronaut. <b>213<\/b>, 681\u2013693 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.actaastro.2023.09.035\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.actaastro.2023.09.035\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.actaastro.2023.09.035\" aria-label=\"Article reference 25\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.actaastro.2023.09.035\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2023AcAau.213..681H\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 25\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 25\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Orbital%20configurations%20of%20spaceborne%20interferometers%20for%20studying%20photon%20rings%20of%20supermassive%20black%20holes&amp;journal=Acta%20Astronaut.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.actaastro.2023.09.035&amp;volume=213&amp;pages=681-693&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Hudson%2CB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"26.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR26\">Johnson, M. D. et al. The Black Hole Explorer: motivation and vision. In Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2024: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave (eds Coyle, L.E., Matsuura, S. &amp; Perrin, M. D.) Vol. 13092, 130922 (Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers Conference Series, 2024).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"27.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR27\">Fukumura, K. &amp; Kazanas, D. Light echoes in Kerr geometry: a source of high-frequency QPOs from random X-ray bursts. Astrophys. J. <b>679<\/b>, 1413 (2008).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1086\/587159\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1086\/587159\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086%2F587159\" aria-label=\"Article reference 27\" data-doi=\"10.1086\/587159\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2008ApJ...679.1413F\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 27\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 27\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Light%20echoes%20in%20Kerr%20geometry%3A%20a%20source%20of%20high-frequency%20QPOs%20from%20random%20X-ray%20bursts&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.1086%2F587159&amp;volume=679&amp;publication_year=2008&amp;author=Fukumura%2CK&amp;author=Kazanas%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"28.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR28\">Moriyama, K., Mineshige, S., Honma, M. &amp; Akiyama, K. Black hole spin measurement based on time-domain VLBI observations of infalling gas clouds. Astrophys. J. <b>887<\/b>, 227 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ab505b\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ab505b\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fab505b\" aria-label=\"Article reference 28\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ab505b\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2019ApJ...887..227M\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 28\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 28\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Black%20hole%20spin%20measurement%20based%20on%20time-domain%20VLBI%20observations%20of%20infalling%20gas%20clouds&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fab505b&amp;volume=887&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Moriyama%2CK&amp;author=Mineshige%2CS&amp;author=Honma%2CM&amp;author=Akiyama%2CK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"29.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR29\">Chesler, P. M. et al. Light echos and coherent autocorrelations in a black hole spacetime. Class. Quantum Gravity <b>38<\/b>, 125006 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1088\/1361-6382\/abeae4\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1088\/1361-6382\/abeae4\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088%2F1361-6382%2Fabeae4\" aria-label=\"Article reference 29\" data-doi=\"10.1088\/1361-6382\/abeae4\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2021CQGra..38l5006C\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 29\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"mathscinet reference\" data-track-action=\"mathscinet reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ams.org\/mathscinet-getitem?mr=4264031\" aria-label=\"MathSciNet reference 29\" target=\"_blank\">MathSciNet<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 29\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Light%20echos%20and%20coherent%20autocorrelations%20in%20a%20black%20hole%20spacetime&amp;journal=Class.%20Quantum%20Gravity&amp;doi=10.1088%2F1361-6382%2Fabeae4&amp;volume=38&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Chesler%2CPM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"30.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR30\">Hadar, S., Johnson, M. D., Lupsasca, A. &amp; Wong, G. N. Photon ring autocorrelations. Phys. Rev. D <b>103<\/b>, 104038 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.103.104038\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.103.104038\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevD.103.104038\" aria-label=\"Article reference 30\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.103.104038\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2021PhRvD.103j4038H\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 30\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"mathscinet reference\" data-track-action=\"mathscinet reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ams.org\/mathscinet-getitem?mr=4277014\" aria-label=\"MathSciNet reference 30\" target=\"_blank\">MathSciNet<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 30\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Photon%20ring%20autocorrelations&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20D&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevD.103.104038&amp;volume=103&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Hadar%2CS&amp;author=Johnson%2CMD&amp;author=Lupsasca%2CA&amp;author=Wong%2CGN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"31.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR31\">Wong, G. N. Black hole glimmer signatures of mass, spin, and inclination. Astrophys. J. <b>909<\/b>, 217 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/abdd2d\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/abdd2d\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fabdd2d\" aria-label=\"Article reference 31\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/abdd2d\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2021ApJ...909..217W\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 31\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 31\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Black%20hole%20glimmer%20signatures%20of%20mass%2C%20spin%2C%20and%20inclination&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fabdd2d&amp;volume=909&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Wong%2CGN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"32.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR32\">Andrianov, A. et al. Flares and their echoes can help distinguish photon rings from black holes with space-Earth very long baseline interferometry. Phys. Rev. D <b>105<\/b>, 063015 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.105.063015\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.105.063015\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevD.105.063015\" aria-label=\"Article reference 32\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.105.063015\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022PhRvD.105f3015A\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 32\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 32\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Flares%20and%20their%20echoes%20can%20help%20distinguish%20photon%20rings%20from%20black%20holes%20with%20space-Earth%20very%20long%20baseline%20interferometry&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20D&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevD.105.063015&amp;volume=105&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Andrianov%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"33.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR33\">Hadar, S., Harikesh, S. &amp; Chelouche, D. Extreme lensing induces spectrotemporal correlations in black-hole signals. Phys. Rev. D <b>107<\/b>, 124057 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.107.124057\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.107.124057\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevD.107.124057\" aria-label=\"Article reference 33\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.107.124057\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2023PhRvD.107l4057H\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 33\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"mathscinet reference\" data-track-action=\"mathscinet reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ams.org\/mathscinet-getitem?mr=4616946\" aria-label=\"MathSciNet reference 33\" target=\"_blank\">MathSciNet<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 33\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Extreme%20lensing%20induces%20spectrotemporal%20correlations%20in%20black-hole%20signals&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20D&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevD.107.124057&amp;volume=107&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Hadar%2CS&amp;author=Harikesh%2CS&amp;author=Chelouche%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"34.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR34\">Kocherlakota, P., Rezzolla, L., Roy, R. &amp; Wielgus, M. Hotspots and photon rings in spherically symmetric space-times. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. <b>531<\/b>, 3606\u20133641 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stae1321\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stae1321\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstae1321\" aria-label=\"Article reference 34\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stae1321\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2024MNRAS.531.3606K\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 34\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 34\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Hotspots%20and%20photon%20rings%20in%20spherically%20symmetric%20space-times&amp;journal=Mon.%20Not.%20R.%20Astron.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstae1321&amp;volume=531&amp;pages=3606-3641&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Kocherlakota%2CP&amp;author=Rezzolla%2CL&amp;author=Roy%2CR&amp;author=Wielgus%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"35.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR35\">Wong, G. N., Medeiros, L., C\u00e1rdenas-Avenda\u00f1o, A. &amp; Stone, J. M. Measuring black hole light echoes with very long baseline interferometry. Astrophys. J. Lett. <b>975<\/b>, 40 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/2041-8213\/ad8650\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/2041-8213\/ad8650\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F2041-8213%2Fad8650\" aria-label=\"Article reference 35\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/2041-8213\/ad8650\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2024ApJ...975L..40W\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 35\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 35\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Measuring%20black%20hole%20light%20echoes%20with%20very%20long%20baseline%20interferometry&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F2041-8213%2Fad8650&amp;volume=975&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Wong%2CGN&amp;author=Medeiros%2CL&amp;author=C%C3%A1rdenas-Avenda%C3%B1o%2CA&amp;author=Stone%2CJM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"36.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR36\">Harikesh, S., Hadar, S. &amp; Chelouche, D. Exploring lensing signatures through spectrotemporal correlations: Implications for black hole parameter estimation. Phys. Rev. D <b>112<\/b>, 043020 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/wjpm-9byt\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/wjpm-9byt\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2Fwjpm-9byt\" aria-label=\"Article reference 36\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/wjpm-9byt\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2025PhRvD.112d3020H\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 36\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 36\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Exploring%20lensing%20signatures%20through%20spectrotemporal%20correlations%3A%20Implications%20for%20black%20hole%20parameter%20estimation&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20D&amp;doi=10.1103%2Fwjpm-9byt&amp;volume=112&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Harikesh%2CS&amp;author=Hadar%2CS&amp;author=Chelouche%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"37.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR37\">Johnson, M. D. et al. Key science goals for the next-generation Event Horizon Telescope. Galaxies <b>11<\/b>, 61 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3390\/galaxies11030061\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3390\/galaxies11030061\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fgalaxies11030061\" aria-label=\"Article reference 37\" data-doi=\"10.3390\/galaxies11030061\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2023Galax..11...61J\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 37\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 37\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Key%20science%20goals%20for%20the%20next-generation%20Event%20Horizon%20Telescope&amp;journal=Galaxies&amp;doi=10.3390%2Fgalaxies11030061&amp;volume=11&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Johnson%2CMD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"38.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR38\">Doeleman, S. S. et al. Reference array and design consideration for the next-generation Event Horizon Telescope. Galaxies <b>11<\/b>, 107 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3390\/galaxies11050107\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3390\/galaxies11050107\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fgalaxies11050107\" aria-label=\"Article reference 38\" data-doi=\"10.3390\/galaxies11050107\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2023Galax..11..107D\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 38\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 38\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Reference%20array%20and%20design%20consideration%20for%20the%20next-generation%20Event%20Horizon%20Telescope&amp;journal=Galaxies&amp;doi=10.3390%2Fgalaxies11050107&amp;volume=11&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Doeleman%2CSS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"39.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR39\">Ayzenberg, D. et al. Fundamental physics opportunities with the next-generation Event Horizon Telescope. Living Rev. Relativ. <b>28<\/b>, 4 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s41114-025-00057-0\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/s41114-025-00057-0\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s41114-025-00057-0\" aria-label=\"Article reference 39\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/s41114-025-00057-0\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2025LRR....28....4A\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 39\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 39\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Fundamental%20physics%20opportunities%20with%20the%20next-generation%20Event%20Horizon%20Telescope&amp;journal=Living%20Rev.%20Relativ.&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs41114-025-00057-0&amp;volume=28&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Ayzenberg%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"40.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR40\">Mo\u015bcibrodzka, M. &amp; Gammie, C. F. ipole\u2014semi-analytic scheme for relativistic polarized radiative transport. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. <b>475<\/b>, 43\u201354 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stx3162\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stx3162\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstx3162\" aria-label=\"Article reference 40\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stx3162\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2018MNRAS.475...43M\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 40\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 40\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=ipole%E2%80%94semi-analytic%20scheme%20for%20relativistic%20polarized%20radiative%20transport&amp;journal=Mon.%20Not.%20R.%20Astron.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstx3162&amp;volume=475&amp;pages=43-54&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Mo%C5%9Bcibrodzka%2CM&amp;author=Gammie%2CCF\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"41.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR41\">Mo\u015bcibrodzka, M., Falcke, H. &amp; Shiokawa, H. General relativistic magnetohydrodynamical simulations of the jet in M 87. Astron. Astrophys. <b>586<\/b>, 38 (2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201526630\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201526630\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F201526630\" aria-label=\"Article reference 41\" data-doi=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201526630\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2016A%26A...586A..38M\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 41\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 41\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=General%20relativistic%20magnetohydrodynamical%20simulations%20of%20the%20jet%20in%20M%2087&amp;journal=Astron.%20Astrophys.&amp;doi=10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F201526630&amp;volume=586&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Mo%C5%9Bcibrodzka%2CM&amp;author=Falcke%2CH&amp;author=Shiokawa%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"42.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR42\">Zhou, L., Zhong, Z., Chen, Y. &amp; Cardoso, V. Forward ray tracing and hot spots in Kerr spacetime. Phys. Rev. D <b>111<\/b>, 064075 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.111.064075\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.111.064075\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevD.111.064075\" aria-label=\"Article reference 42\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.111.064075\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2025PhRvD.111f4075Z\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 42\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"mathscinet reference\" data-track-action=\"mathscinet reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ams.org\/mathscinet-getitem?mr=4896223\" aria-label=\"MathSciNet reference 42\" target=\"_blank\">MathSciNet<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 42\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Forward%20ray%20tracing%20and%20hot%20spots%20in%20Kerr%20spacetime&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20D&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevD.111.064075&amp;volume=111&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Zhou%2CL&amp;author=Zhong%2CZ&amp;author=Chen%2CY&amp;author=Cardoso%2CV\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"43.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR43\">Wong, G. N. et al. Patoka: simulating electromagnetic observables of black hole accretion. Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. <b>259<\/b>, 64 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/1538-4365\/ac582e\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/1538-4365\/ac582e\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F1538-4365%2Fac582e\" aria-label=\"Article reference 43\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/1538-4365\/ac582e\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022ApJS..259...64W\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 43\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 43\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Patoka%3A%20simulating%20electromagnetic%20observables%20of%20black%20hole%20accretion&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.%20Suppl.%20Ser.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F1538-4365%2Fac582e&amp;volume=259&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Wong%2CGN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"44.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR44\">Conroy, N. S. et al. Rotation in Event Horizon Telescope movies. Astrophys. J. <b>951<\/b>, 46 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/acd2c8\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/acd2c8\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Facd2c8\" aria-label=\"Article reference 44\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/acd2c8\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2023ApJ...951...46C\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 44\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 44\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Rotation%20in%20Event%20Horizon%20Telescope%20movies&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Facd2c8&amp;volume=951&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Conroy%2CNS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"45.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR45\">Sridharan, T. K. et al. The black hole explorer (BHEX): preliminary antenna design. In Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2024: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave Vol. 13092 (ed Coyle, L. E.) 2205\u20132211 (SPIE, 2024).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"46.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR46\">Gralla, S. E. &amp; Lupsasca, A. Lensing by Kerr black holes. Phys. Rev. D <b>101<\/b>, 044031 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.101.044031\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.101.044031\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevD.101.044031\" aria-label=\"Article reference 46\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevD.101.044031\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2020PhRvD.101d4031G\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 46\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"mathscinet reference\" data-track-action=\"mathscinet reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ams.org\/mathscinet-getitem?mr=4073836\" aria-label=\"MathSciNet reference 46\" target=\"_blank\">MathSciNet<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 46\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Lensing%20by%20Kerr%20black%20holes&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20D&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevD.101.044031&amp;volume=101&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Gralla%2CSE&amp;author=Lupsasca%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"47.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR47\">Wielgus, M. et al. Millimeter light curves of Sagittarius A* observed during the 2017 Event Horizon Telescope campaign. Astrophys. J. Lett. <b>930<\/b>, 19 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/2041-8213\/ac6428\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/2041-8213\/ac6428\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F2041-8213%2Fac6428\" aria-label=\"Article reference 47\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/2041-8213\/ac6428\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022ApJ...930L..19W\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 47\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 47\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Millimeter%20light%20curves%20of%20Sagittarius%20A%2A%20observed%20during%20the%202017%20Event%20Horizon%20Telescope%20campaign&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F2041-8213%2Fac6428&amp;volume=930&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Wielgus%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"48.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR48\">C\u00e1rdenas-Avenda\u00f1o, A., Gammie, C. &amp; Lupsasca, A. Explanation for the absence of secondary peaks in black hole light curve autocorrelations. Phys. Rev. Lett. <b>133<\/b>, 131402 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.133.131402\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.133.131402\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.133.131402\" aria-label=\"Article reference 48\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.133.131402\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2024PhRvL.133m1402C\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 48\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"mathscinet reference\" data-track-action=\"mathscinet reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ams.org\/mathscinet-getitem?mr=4807835\" aria-label=\"MathSciNet reference 48\" target=\"_blank\">MathSciNet<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 48\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Explanation%20for%20the%20absence%20of%20secondary%20peaks%20in%20black%20hole%20light%20curve%20autocorrelations&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.133.131402&amp;volume=133&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=C%C3%A1rdenas-Avenda%C3%B1o%2CA&amp;author=Gammie%2CC&amp;author=Lupsasca%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration et al. First M87 Event Horizon Telescope results. I. The shadow of the&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":487124,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[270],"tags":[582,1778,142855,18,910,82188,19,17,452,133,451],"class_list":["post-487123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-space","tag-astronomy","tag-astrophysics-and-cosmology","tag-compact-astrophysical-objects","tag-eire","tag-general","tag-general-relativity-and-gravity","tag-ie","tag-ireland","tag-physics","tag-science","tag-space"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@ie\/116582245046967114","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/487123","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=487123"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/487123\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/487124"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=487123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=487123"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=487123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}