JERUSALEM \u2014 The main headline of Sunday\u2019s Yediot Aharonot, a popular Hebrew daily, summed up in two words the prevailing sentiment in Israel over President Donald Trump\u2019s emerging ceasefire agreement with Iran: \u201cBad Deal.\u201d<\/p>\n
Israel has waged two wars against Iran in the past year, the most recent launched in late February with U.S. forces. Now Israel, which had not been a party to the Trump administration\u2019s negotiations with Iran, is being left out of the potential peace. <\/p>\n
Even before the announcement came Sunday that a ceasefire agreement had been reached, the details that had surfaced in news media reports prompted a flood of criticism and expressions of discontent from Israelis spanning the country\u2019s political spectrum. <\/p>\n
U.S. and Iranian officials have said that under an initial \u201cmemorandum of understanding,\u201d Iran would reopen the Strait of Hormuz, a critical shipping route for the global economy, and the United States would lift its blockade on Iranian ports. The ceasefire that the two sides agreed to in April would be extended for 60 days. During that period, both sides would commit to holding detailed negotiations over Iran\u2019s nuclear program and over the lifting of U.S. sanctions on Iran. <\/p>\n
That would fall far short of the goals that Israel set at the start of the two wars.<\/p>\n
At the outset, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu declared that the objective was \u201cto remove the existential threats\u201d to Israel. That meant destroying any nuclear threat from Iran and its ballistic missile program, he said, as well as \u201ccreating the conditions\u201d for the Iranian people to topple the government. <\/p>\n
The Israelis have also demanded an end to Tehran\u2019s support of its proxy forces hostile to Israel, including Hezbollah in Lebanon and the Houthis in Yemen, as well as support for Hamas in the Gaza Strip.<\/p>\n
Israeli experts were alarmed that elements key to Israel appear not to have been mentioned at all.<\/p>\n
\u201cNo matter what will happen, President Trump will declare victory, a total win,\u201d said Jacob Nagel, a former acting national security adviser to Netanyahu.<\/p>\n
\u201cIt\u2019s very easy to say what topics\u201d will be up for future negotiations, Nagel told reporters Sunday in a video briefing. But, he said, Iran\u2019s ballistic missiles and its support for proxy groups in the region do not even appear as topics in the publicly circulating details. <\/p>\n
Netanyahu\u2019s opponents, commenting before the announcement of the ceasefire, were less charitable.<\/p>\n
\u201cA catastrophe from Israel\u2019s perspective,\u201d Avigdor Liberman, a former Israeli defense minister and a right-wing politician, wrote in a social media post Sunday. Once an ally of Netanyahu, he is now a bitter critic.<\/p>\n
Yair Lapid, the centrist leader of Israel\u2019s parliamentary opposition and a former top government minister, said he hoped the reports about the agreement with Iran were not true. \u201cBut if they are,\u201d he said in a statement, \u201cthis is one of the most shocking failures of Israel\u2019s foreign and security policy.\u201d <\/p>\n
Current Israeli government officials have said little, apparently for fear of upsetting Trump.<\/p>\n
Netanyahu issued a statement Friday saying: \u201cAs long as I am the prime minister of Israel, Iran will not have nuclear weapons. President Trump and I are in full agreement on this issue.\u201d His statement neglected to mention ballistic missiles or proxy forces. <\/p>\n
An Israeli who had been briefed on the deal with Iran, and who requested anonymity to discuss diplomacy, listed Israel\u2019s main problems with the proposal:<\/p>\n
\u2014 There are no clear answers regarding the treatment of Iran\u2019s stockpile of enriched uranium, and not enough curbs on Iran\u2019s nuclear program, with the deal appearing to rely on Iranian goodwill.<\/p>\n
\u2014 Instead of creating the conditions for the collapse of the Iranian government, the deal would allow funds to start flowing back into its coffers.<\/p>\n
\u2014 The deal lays out no clear mechanism for forcing Iran to halt its support for its proxy forces. But it would mean the suspension of Israel\u2019s campaign against Hezbollah, the militant group it is fighting in Lebanon.<\/p>\n
The latest round of fighting in Lebanon erupted after Hezbollah fired at Israel days after the U.S.-Israeli war on Iran began in late February. Iran has insisted that any broader peace agreement extend to the conflict in Lebanon.<\/p>\n
Israel has sought to prevent any direct link between a deal with Iran and its military campaign against Hezbollah, noting that the militants are on its doorstep, but its influence appears to have been limited.<\/p>\n
With Israeli national elections expected to take place by late October, Netanyahu is under intense pressure from within his governing coalition and from critics outside the government not to accede to dictates from Trump. He has been reluctant to oppose Trump publicly, not least because he has championed their close relationship as one of his main political credentials. <\/p>\n