The transit is uneasy. The waterway, already one of the most sensitive in the world, has tightened under the pressure of the war in the Middle East.<\/p>\n
The conflict, following US strikes under Donald Trump and involving Israel under Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, has escalated, adding new pressure to already fragile global energy markets.<\/p>\n
About 20 per cent of global oil supply normally passes through this narrow corridor, making any disruption immediately felt in global markets. For China, which imports the majority of its oil, much of it from the Gulf, the strait remains a critical artery.<\/p>\n
Traffic has thinned, risks have sharpened, and each passage now carries calculation.<\/p>\n
Since the conflict began, traffic through the strait has dropped sharply, with on average two laden tankers a day leaving the Gulf, down from around 30 before the war, according to Braemar Research, a shipping analytics firm that tracks global cargo movements.<\/p>\n
Of the limited flows that remain, more than half originate in Iran, and a significant share is bound for China.<\/p>\n
At that point, there is no guarantee of safety \u2014 only movement.<\/p>\n
Then, last week, Tehran drew a line.<\/p>\n
Iran’s Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi said “friendly countries” \u2014 including China, India and Russia \u2014 can pass through a designated safe corridor.<\/p>\n
It is framed as a logistical arrangement, but it does something more consequential. It names a category.<\/p>\n
In doing so, it signals that this conflict is no longer only about military confrontation. It is beginning to sort the world by behaviour \u2014 and increasingly, by economic alignment.<\/p>\n
![\"A](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/iran\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/04b1f645583ee7c99b9a56f110321c80.jpeg\")
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Iran’s Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi says “friendly countries” \u2014 including China, India and Russia \u2014 can pass through a designated safe corridor. (Reuters: Pierre Albouy)<\/p>\n
A line without alliances<\/p>\n
The division taking shape is not formal. There are no treaties or declarations of alignment. But there is a visible separation between those enforcing pressure and those continuing to operate within its margins.<\/p>\n
China sits at the centre of that space. It has not joined the confrontation, but neither has it stepped away from the economic relationship that sustains Iran.<\/p>\n
That position has been consistent over time, but the war is giving it a sharper definition. Continuing to trade under heightened risk becomes a form of positioning, whether or not it is framed that way.<\/p>\n
The language of “friendly countries” captures that shift. It reflects a move away from alliances built on ideology towards groupings shaped by conduct.<\/p>\n
What underpins this relationship is not the war itself, but the conditions that existed before it.<\/p>\n
![\"Two](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/iran\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/d0b6e73c21979112461cde8a6589e79f.jpeg\")
<\/p>\n
India and Russia were allowed by Iran to pass through a designated safe corridor.<\/p>\n
\u00a0 (Sputnik\/Grigory Sysoev\/Pool via Reuters)<\/p>\n
Iran’s economy remains heavily dependent on oil exports. Under sanctions, the challenge has not been production, but access \u2014 finding buyers willing and able to absorb supply under constraint. Oil accounts for roughly 70 per cent of Iran’s export revenue, making continued sales critical to the state’s finances.<\/p>\n
Beijing has filled that space. China is now the world’s largest crude oil importer, and Iran \u2014 though a discounted and often opaque supplier \u2014 remains a consistent part of that supply mix. Over time, a pattern has taken hold. As restrictions tightened, flows adapted rather than stopped.<\/p>\n
In the weeks leading up to the conflict, Chinese buyers had been building reserves, increasing purchases and stockpiling Iranian crude ahead of sanctions pressure \u2014 a strategy that allows flows to continue even as risks rise.<\/p>\n
Beijing has also built in buffers. Chinese buyers stockpiled Iranian crude ahead of sanctions pressure \u2014 reserves that allowed flows to continue even when shipments slowed or became politically exposed.<\/p>\n
At the same time, China is accelerating its transition away from oil, expanding electric-vehicle production, and dominating solar manufacturing. The result is a system that reduces long-term dependence while preserving short-term supply.<\/p>\n
By some estimates, more than 60 per cent of Iran’s seaborne crude exports now end up in China, often routed through intermediaries or relabelled as originating from other countries.<\/p>\n
Shipments were redirected, transactions restructured, and volumes adjusted. What emerged was a system that could function under pressure, even if imperfectly.<\/p>\n
This pattern has been visible for more than a decade, particularly after the tightening of US secondary sanctions in 2012 and again after 2018, when Iranian exports dropped sharply before gradually recovering through alternative channels.<\/p>\n
The tanker moving through Hormuz sits within that system. Its passage is not an exception, but a continuation \u2014 now made more visible by conflict.<\/p>\n
LoadingFrom transaction to signal<\/p>\n
Iran’s announcement formalises a distinction that has largely been implicit.<\/p>\n
It identifies countries not by what they declare, but by what they continue to do. Trade, in this context, becomes a marker. So does the decision not to enforce pressure beyond a certain point.<\/p>\n
For China, this is consistent with its broader approach to external crises. It avoids direct confrontation, maintains access where possible, and adjusts its exposure in response to risk.<\/p>\n