{"id":49807,"date":"2026-04-03T10:28:08","date_gmt":"2026-04-03T10:28:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/iran\/49807\/"},"modified":"2026-04-03T10:28:08","modified_gmt":"2026-04-03T10:28:08","slug":"multiple-actors-one-battlefield-iraq-since-the-us-israel-iran-war-began","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/iran\/49807\/","title":{"rendered":"Multiple actors, one battlefield: Iraq since the US-Israel-Iran war began"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Shafaq News<\/p>\n<p>Since February<br \/>\n28, 2026, when a US-Israeli military campaign against Iran began, Iraq has<br \/>\nbecome one of the most active fronts in the resulting regional confrontation.<br \/>\nStrikes, drone attacks, and rocket barrages have hit targets across Federal<br \/>\nIraq and the Kurdistan Region, drawing in state-sanctioned armed factions, US and<br \/>\nWestern military installations, energy infrastructure, diplomatic facilities,<br \/>\nand civilian landmarks. <\/p>\n<p>Iraqi<br \/>\nauthorities have confirmed at least 108 people killed since the escalation<br \/>\nbegan, among them civilians, PMF members, Iraqi Army soldiers, and Kurdish<br \/>\nPeshmerga fighters. Responsibility for individual incidents is confirmed in<br \/>\nsome cases, contested in others, and entirely unclaimed in several. What<br \/>\nfollows is a systematic account of what has been struck, by whom, and what is<br \/>\nknown.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shafaq.com\/en\/Report\/US-Iran-war-threatens-Iraq-s-fragile-stability\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Read more: US-Iran war threatens Iraq\u2019s fragile stability<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Popular<br \/>\nMobilization Forces<\/p>\n<p>The Popular<br \/>\nMobilization Forces (PMF), a state-sanctioned umbrella of predominantly Shiite<br \/>\narmed factions formally integrated into the Iraqi state security structure,<br \/>\nhave sustained some of the heaviest losses since the escalation began.<\/p>\n<p>The deadliest<br \/>\nconfirmed strike hit a PMF position at Habbaniyah Base in Al-Anbar province,<br \/>\nkilling Al-Anbar operations commander Saad Dawi and 14 fighters. Total casualty<br \/>\nfigures from the incident reached as high as 30, though that number remains<br \/>\nunconfirmed. The strike formed part of a broader pattern of precision attacks<br \/>\non PMF positions in Baghdad, Babil, Diyala, and Saladin provinces, with<br \/>\nmultiple hits on storage sites, command points, and logistics routes. Secondary<br \/>\nexplosions at several sites were consistent with the detonation of weapons<br \/>\nstockpiles, according to accounts from security sources and faction-affiliated<br \/>\noutlets.<\/p>\n<p>Hadi Al-Amiri,<br \/>\nhead of the Badr Organization \u2014 one of the PMF&#8217;s most prominent constituent<br \/>\nfactions \u2014placed the total number of PMF members killed or wounded at more than<br \/>\n160 since February 28. No party has claimed responsibility for the strikes on<br \/>\nPMF positions. PMF-affiliated factions have attributed them to the United<br \/>\nStates and Israel, framing them within the broader Iran conflict. Neither<br \/>\nWashington nor Tel Aviv has confirmed involvement.<\/p>\n<p>US Military and<br \/>\nDiplomatic Installations<\/p>\n<p>American<br \/>\nfacilities in Baghdad have faced sustained targeting throughout the escalation.<br \/>\nThe Diplomatic Support Center at the base near Baghdad International Airport<br \/>\n\u2014formerly known as Victoria Base\u2014 and the US Embassy compound in the Green Zone<br \/>\nhave been repeatedly struck by rockets and one-way attack drones. Air defense<br \/>\nsystems intercepted incoming projectiles in several incidents; in others,<br \/>\nstrikes landed within or near facility perimeters, causing damage and<br \/>\ntriggering lockdowns and movement restrictions, according to security sources<br \/>\nwho spoke to Shafaq News.<\/p>\n<p>In the<br \/>\nKurdistan Region, US military facilities in Erbil and Al-Sulaymaniyah provinces<br \/>\n\u2014including areas near Erbil International Airport and Harir Base, both of which<br \/>\nhost American troops\u2014 have been struck by drones and, in some cases, rockets.<\/p>\n<p>The Islamic<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/shafaq.com\/en\/Security\/Iraq-s-IRI-claims-21-attacks-on-US-bases-in-24-hours\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Resistance<\/a> in Iraq (IRI) \u2014an umbrella network of Iran-backed Shiite armed<br \/>\nfactions\u2014 has claimed primary responsibility for these operations. Since<br \/>\nFebruary 28, IRI-affiliated factions have claimed nearly 450 attacks targeting<br \/>\nUS military facilities across Iraq and the wider region. Groups operating under<br \/>\nthe IRI banner, including Kataib Hezbollah, Saraya Awliyaa Al-Dam, and Harakat<br \/>\nAl-Nujaba, have released statements through affiliated channels presenting the<br \/>\noperations as a sustained campaign linked to the US-Israeli war on Iran.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/shafaq.com\/en\/Security\/IRI-s-Awliyaa-al-Dam-claims-136-attacks-on-US-sites-in-Iraq-and-region\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Saraya<\/a> Awliyaa<br \/>\nAl-Dam alone claimed 136 operations over a 22-day period, including 31 in<br \/>\nBaghdad and 55 in the Kurdistan Region, according to statements from the group.<br \/>\nThe group additionally cited operations in Syria, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and<br \/>\nJordan.<\/p>\n<p>US officials<br \/>\nhave attributed the attacks broadly to Iran-backed armed groups without<br \/>\nconsistently naming specific factions, and have warned of potential responses<br \/>\nif targeting of US personnel and installations continues. Most incidents did<br \/>\nnot result in confirmed American casualties, though material damage and<br \/>\nelevated alert levels have been documented across US facilities.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shafaq.com\/en\/Report\/Iraq-s-air-defense-void-How-US-vetoes-and-Russian-limits-leave-Baghdad-exposed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Read more: Iraq&#8217;s air defense void: How US vetoes, and Russian limits leave Baghdad exposed<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Peshmerga<br \/>\nHeadquarters<\/p>\n<p>The most<br \/>\nserious single incident in the Region involved ballistic missile strikes on<br \/>\nPeshmerga positions in Soran, Erbil province, causing 36 casualties, including<br \/>\nsix deaths, according to the Kurdish Security Forces. The strikes damaged<br \/>\nfortified positions, storage sites, and logistical nodes.<\/p>\n<p>Kurdistan<br \/>\nRegion President Nechirvan Barzani subsequently stated that Iranian officials<br \/>\nhad <a href=\"https:\/\/shafaq.com\/en\/Kurdistan\/Kurdistan-Region-president-Iran-acknowledged-mistake-in-Peshmerga-strike\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">acknowledged<\/a> the Soran strikes as a mistake, expressed regret, and pledged<br \/>\nan investigation. The Kurdistan Regional Government said it was awaiting the<br \/>\noutcome of the inquiry.<\/p>\n<p>A separate<br \/>\nfacility in Iraqi Kurdistan housing a joint Peshmerga-French forces in the<br \/>\nMakhmour area was attacked on March 12, killing one French soldier. France<br \/>\nconfirmed both the attack and the fatality. <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/shafaq.com\/en\/Report\/Drone-incidents-reported-across-14-Iraqi-provinces-in-latest-escalation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Read more: Drone incidents reported across 14 Iraqi provinces in latest escalation<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Iranian Kurdish<br \/>\nOpposition Groups<\/p>\n<p>Facilities belonging<br \/>\nto Iranian Kurdish opposition parties based in the Kurdistan Region have also<br \/>\nbeen struck. Sites related to the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan (PDKI),<br \/>\nthe Kurdistan Freedom Party (PAK), and the Komala Party were targeted in <a href=\"https:\/\/shafaq.com\/en\/Kurdistan\/Erbil-records-500-drone-strikes-since-late-February\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Erbil<\/a><br \/>\nand Al-Sulaymaniyah provinces, including in Koya. The strikes hit command<br \/>\ncenters, residential compounds, and training facilities, causing extensive<br \/>\nstructural damage and fires at several locations.<\/p>\n<p>The targeted<br \/>\ngroups accused Iran of carrying out the attacks, describing them as part of an<br \/>\neffort to suppress opposition activity operating from Iraqi territory. The<br \/>\nIslamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) \u2014Iran&#8217;s elite military force\u2014claimed<br \/>\nresponsibility for the strikes, stating it had targeted sites linked to what it<br \/>\ndescribed as hostile groups allegedly preparing cross-border operations.<\/p>\n<p>The groups did<br \/>\nnot officially disclose fatality or injury figures.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shafaq.com\/en\/Report\/Iraq-s-neutrality-fades-Formal-war-involvement-draws-closer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Read more: Iraq\u2019s neutrality fades: Formal war involvement draws closer?<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Civilian and<br \/>\nSymbolic Targets<\/p>\n<p>The regional<br \/>\nescalation has extended beyond military and paramilitary sites to targets with<br \/>\ncivilian, symbolic, and diplomatic significance.<\/p>\n<p>A hotel in<br \/>\nErbil was struck by drones, with some reports indicating American soldiers were<br \/>\npresent at the facility at the time of the attack, according to sources who<br \/>\nspoke to Reuters. The hotel&#8217;s name was not confirmed.<\/p>\n<p>Al-Rasheed<br \/>\nHotel in Baghdad \u2014located inside the Green Zone and a frequent lodging point<br \/>\nfor foreign diplomats and media\u2014 was struck by a drone on March 16. Iraqi<br \/>\nauthorities confirmed the attack and stated there were no casualties.<\/p>\n<p>The former<br \/>\nUnited Nations headquarters in Baghdad was also targeted by drone attacks<br \/>\nduring the escalation period. No additional details on casualties or damage<br \/>\nhave been confirmed.<\/p>\n<p>The UAE<br \/>\nConsulate General in Erbil has been a recurring target since February 28. Both<br \/>\nthe UAE and Iraqi authorities have confirmed the attacks. No party has claimed<br \/>\nresponsibility.<\/p>\n<p>Infrastructure<br \/>\nand Maritime Targets<\/p>\n<p>Baiji Refinery<br \/>\n\u2014Iraq&#8217;s largest oil refinery, located in Saladin province\u2014 and the Kani<br \/>\nQirzhala Warehouse were targeted during the escalation, according to sources<br \/>\nwho spoke to Shafaq News. Casualty figures, damage assessments, and the<br \/>\nspecific dates of both incidents remain unconfirmed.<\/p>\n<p>Two oil tankers<br \/>\nwere sabotaged near Iraqi waters off Basra in March 2026\u2014 one of them<br \/>\nMaltese-flagged\u2014 in attacks using drones or explosive boats. One foreign crew<br \/>\nmember was killed, and 38 others were rescued, according to security officials<br \/>\nat the Iraqi port. No party has claimed responsibility for the maritime<br \/>\nattacks.<\/p>\n<p>Erbil&#8217;s energy<br \/>\ninfrastructure was also targeted with a barrage of drones. No casualty figures<br \/>\nwere immediately confirmed from that incident.<\/p>\n<p>Scope of the<br \/>\nEscalation<\/p>\n<p>The incidents<br \/>\nrepresent a partial picture of an ongoing and still-expanding confrontation.<br \/>\nIraqi health authorities place the confirmed death toll at a minimum of 108<br \/>\nacross all categories \u2014civilians, PMF members, Iraqi Army soldiers, and<br \/>\nPeshmerga fighters. Hundreds of additional claimed attacks remain unverified,<br \/>\nand casualty figures in several incidents are subject to further confirmation.<\/p>\n<p>Written and<br \/>\nedited by Shafaq News staff.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Shafaq News Since February 28, 2026, when a US-Israeli military campaign against Iran began, Iraq has become one&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":49808,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[14],"tags":[14113,152,94,2837,20296,20297,2557,20298,80],"class_list":["post-49807","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-iraq","tag-armed-factions","tag-breaking","tag-iraq","tag-iraqi-kurdistan","tag-multiple-actors","tag-one-battlefield-iraq-since-the-us-israel-iran-war-began","tag-pmf","tag-us-military-bases-in-iraq","tag-us-israel-iran-war"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@iran\/116340306899519099","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/iran\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49807","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/iran\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/iran\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/iran\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/iran\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=49807"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/iran\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49807\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/iran\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/49808"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/iran\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49807"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/iran\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=49807"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/iran\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=49807"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}