{"id":5207,"date":"2026-04-14T07:23:30","date_gmt":"2026-04-14T07:23:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/japan\/5207\/"},"modified":"2026-04-14T07:23:30","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T07:23:30","slug":"treaty-of-portsmouth-facts-definition-significance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/japan\/5207\/","title":{"rendered":"Treaty of Portsmouth | Facts, Definition, & Significance"},"content":{"rendered":"

Treaty of Portsmouth, (September 5 [August 23, Old Style], 1905), peace settlement signed at Kittery<\/a>, Maine, in the U.S., ending the Russo-Japanese War<\/a> of 1904\u201305. According to the terms of the treaty, which was mediated by U.S. Pres. Theodore Roosevelt<\/a>, the defeated Russians<\/a> recognized Japan<\/a> as the dominant power in Korea<\/a> and made significant territorial concessions<\/a> in China<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Russo-Japanese War<\/a>An American cartoon (\u201cLet Us Have Peace\u201d) hailing the peacemaking efforts of President Theodore Roosevelt, who mediated an end to the Russo-Japanese War, 1905.(more)<\/p>\n

The disastrous course of the war had greatly contributed to the outbreak of the Russian Revolution of 1905<\/a>, and the surrender of Port Arthur, followed by the loss of Mukden and the devastating defeat at Tsushima<\/a>, forced Nicholas II<\/a> of Russia<\/a> to accept Roosevelt\u2019s proffered mediation. It was, however, the Japanese government which had taken the initiative<\/a> in proposing peace negotiations. Exhausted financially and fearing a drawn-out war of attrition<\/a> far from their bases, the Japanese hoped that the acute<\/a> unrest in Russia would compel the government to discuss terms, and their hopes proved justified.<\/p>\n

Negotiations began at Portsmouth<\/a>, New Hampshire<\/a>, on August 9, 1905, and concluded with the peace treaty signed on September 5. By the terms of the treaty, Russia agreed to surrender its leases on Port Arthur<\/a> and the Liaodong Peninsula<\/a>, to evacuate Manchuria<\/a>, to cede the half of Sakhalin<\/a> that it had annexed in 1875, and to recognize Korea as within Japan\u2019s sphere of interest. With this treaty ended Nicholas\u2019s Far Eastern expansionist policy, by which he had intended to establish Russian hegemony<\/a> over the whole of Asia. In Japan the treaty significantly bolstered<\/a> the prestige<\/a> of the government\u2019s militarist faction, and the decades after the Russo-Japanese War would see them accrue<\/a> almost unchecked power.<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\tQuick Facts<\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDate:
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSeptember 5, 1905 <\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t\t\t\t(Show\u00a0more)<\/p>\n

Within two months of the treaty\u2019s conclusion, continued unrest compelled Nicholas to issue the October Manifesto<\/a>, which was the equivalent of a constitutional<\/a> charter. Although its prestige was diminished, Russia nevertheless remained an Asian power, possessing as it did the railways across Siberia<\/a> and northern Manchuria to Vladivostok.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Treaty of Portsmouth, (September 5 [August 23, Old Style], 1905), peace settlement signed at Kittery, Maine, in the…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5208,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[176],"tags":[185,184,183,182,177,179,180,178,4855],"class_list":{"0":"post-5207","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-politics","8":"tag-article","9":"tag-britannica","10":"tag-encyclopeadia","11":"tag-encyclopedia","12":"tag-japans-politics","13":"tag-japanese-politics","14":"tag-politics","15":"tag-politics-of-japan","16":"tag-treaty-of-portsmouth"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/japan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5207","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/japan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/japan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/japan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/japan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5207"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/japan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5207\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/japan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5208"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/japan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5207"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/japan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5207"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/japan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5207"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}