{"id":24000,"date":"2025-10-23T18:37:18","date_gmt":"2025-10-23T18:37:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/24000\/"},"modified":"2025-10-23T18:37:18","modified_gmt":"2025-10-23T18:37:18","slug":"negriztami-pokyciai-po-cernobylio-avarijos-kas-nutiko-salia-gyvenantiems-gyvunams-ir-pauksciams","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/24000\/","title":{"rendered":"Negr\u012f\u017etami poky\u010diai po \u010cernobylio avarijos: kas nutiko \u0161alia gyvenantiems gyv\u016bnams ir pauk\u0161\u010diams?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u010cernobylis<\/a> parod\u0117, kokia radiacija naudinga gamtai: vilkai tapo atsparesni v\u0117\u017eiui, \u0161unys turi daugiau nei 200 gen\u0173 mutacij\u0173, pauk\u0161\u010di\u0173 kraujyje daug antioksidant\u0173.<\/p>\n

Melas. Mokslininkai vieningai sutaria, kad \u010cernobylio branduolin\u0117 avarija paveik\u0117 aplinkin\u0119 gyv\u016bnij\u0105 ir augmenij\u0105. Ta\u010diau klaida sakyti, kad radiacija gamtai i\u0161\u0117jo \u012f naud\u0105. Nors mokslininkai u\u017efiksavo, kai kurios pauk\u0161\u010di\u0173 ir gyv\u016bn\u0173 r\u016b\u0161ys prisitaik\u0117 prie nuolatin\u0117s radiacijos fono, taip pat pasteb\u0117ta, kad draud\u017eiamojoje zonoje suma\u017e\u0117jo pauk\u0161\u010di\u0173 ir gyv\u016bn\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173, i\u0161augo gyv\u016bn\u0173 mirtingumas, suma\u017e\u0117jo gimstamumas, jiems teko keisti mitybos \u012fpro\u010dius, padaug\u0117jo apsigimim\u0173.<\/p>\n

Melo detektoriaus komentaras<\/p>\n

1986 m. baland\u017eio 26 d. Soviet\u0173 S\u0105jungoje saugos bandymo metu sprogo \u010cernobylio atomin\u0117s elektrin\u0117s 4-asis reaktorius, sukeldamas did\u017eiausi\u0105 branduolin\u0119 avarij\u0105 istorijoje<\/a>. \u012e atmosfer\u0105 patek\u0119s did\u017eiulis radioaktyvi\u0173j\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 kiekis pra\u017eud\u0117 su jomis susid\u016brusius \u017emones ir gyv\u016bnus, suk\u0117l\u0117 ligas, o 30 km spinduliu nuo elektrin\u0117s besidriekianti teritorija tapo \u017einoma kaip draud\u017eiamoji zona; ji iki \u0161iol beveik negyvenama. <\/p>\n

D\u0117l radiacin\u0117s tar\u0161os \u0161ioje zonoje u\u017efiksuotos gyv\u016bn\u0173 ir augal\u0173 mutacijos: kai kurie augalai pakeit\u0117 lap\u0173 form\u0105, o gyv\u016bnai gim\u0117 su fizin\u0117mis deformacijomis. Vis d\u0117lto, gyv\u016bnai \u2013 bebrai, elniai, vilkai, \u0161ernai \u2013 ir pauk\u0161\u010diai gyvena \u010cernobylio apylink\u0117se.<\/p>\n

Nors \u0161i branduolin\u0117 avarija padar\u0117 nepataisom\u0105 \u017eal\u0105 aplinkinei gamtai, kai kurie \u017emon\u0117s link\u0119 romantizuoti katastrof\u0105, klaidingai sakydami, kad radiacija gamtai i\u0161\u0117jo \u012f naud\u0105 ir pasirod\u0117 esanti geresn\u0117 nei \u017emogus.<\/p>\n

\"Platinama <\/p>\n

Kas nutiko pauk\u0161\u010diams?<\/p>\n

Mokslininkai pastebi, kad draud\u017eiamojoje zonoje gyvenantys pauk\u0161\u010diai prisitaiko prie nuolatinio radiacinio fono<\/a>. Dalis j\u0173, did\u0117jant spinduliuotei, demonstruoja didesn\u012f antioksidant\u0173 kiek\u012f, ma\u017eesn\u012f oksidacin\u012f stres\u0105 ir ma\u017eiau DNR pa\u017eeidim\u0173. <\/p>\n

Ta\u010diau r\u016b\u0161ys, turin\u010dios daugiau feomelanino (raudono, geltono ir auksinio pigmento), pasi\u017eymi prastesne k\u016bno b\u016bkle, ma\u017eesniu antioksidant\u0173 kiekiu, didesniu oksidaciniu stresu ir DNR pa\u017eeidimais. Tod\u0117l aplink \u010cernobyl\u012f suma\u017e\u0117jo \u0161i\u0173 pauk\u0161\u010di\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 populiacija<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Kaip pasikeit\u0117 gyv\u016bnai?<\/p>\n

Draud\u017eiamojoje zonoje valkataujan\u010dius \u0161unis tyr\u0119 mokslininkai 2023 m. paskelb\u0117, kad \u0161ie \u0161unys geneti\u0161kai skiriasi<\/a> nuo aplinkini\u0173 vietovi\u0173 \u0161un\u0173 \u2013 jiems nustatyti 52 genai, susij\u0119 su reakcija \u012f radiacij\u0105. Manoma, kad \u0161unys per kelias kartas prisitaik\u0117 gyventi radiacijos s\u0105lygomis.<\/p>\n

Ta\u010diau gyv\u016bn\u0173 p\u0117dsakus sniege draud\u017eiamojoje zonoje tyr\u0119 mokslininkai nustat\u0117, kad radiacija l\u0117m\u0117 ma\u017eesn\u0119 \u017einduoli\u0173 gaus\u0105<\/a> aplink \u010cernobyl\u012f. Be to, pasteb\u0117ta, kad pl\u0117\u0161rioms r\u016b\u0161ims teko keisti savo med\u017eiokl\u0117s ir mitybos \u012fpro\u010dius, kadangi d\u0117l radiacijos poveikio suma\u017e\u0117jo grobio.<\/p>\n

Be to, TORCH (angl. The Other Report on Chernobyl) ataskaitoje nustatyta, kad radiacija draud\u017eiamojoje zonoje suk\u0117l\u0117 chromosom\u0173 pa\u017eeidimus<\/a>, padid\u0117jus\u012f sterilum\u0105 ir didesn\u012f \u012fvairi\u0173 gyv\u016bn\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173, \u012fskaitant \u017einduolius, pauk\u0161\u010dius ir vabzd\u017eius, mirtingum\u0105. D\u0117l to ne tik ma\u017e\u0117jo gyv\u016bnijos populiacijos, bet ir padarytas ilgalaikis poveikis ekosistem\u0173 sveikatai.<\/p>\n

Galiausiai, dalis mokslinink\u0173 neabejoja, kad draud\u017eiamojoje zonoje gyvena ne vietin\u0117 i\u0161likusi ar prisitaikiusi gyv\u016bn\u0173 populiacija, o atvyk\u0117liai i\u0161 aplinkui<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u010cernobylis parod\u0117, kokia radiacija naudinga gamtai: vilkai tapo atsparesni v\u0117\u017eiui, \u0161unys turi daugiau nei 200 gen\u0173 mutacij\u0173, pauk\u0161\u010di\u0173…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24001,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[25,30,31,7440,3611,7441,7439,34,35,1387,24,32,33,37,39,36,38,40,23,22,44,28,29,7442,26,27,74,75,76],"class_list":{"0":"post-24000","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-pasaulis","8":"tag-antrastes","9":"tag-breaking-news","10":"tag-breakingnews","11":"tag-cernobylio-ae","12":"tag-cernobylio-atomine-elektrine","13":"tag-cernobylio-atomines-elektrines-avarija","14":"tag-cernobylis","15":"tag-featured-news","16":"tag-featurednews","17":"tag-gamta","18":"tag-headlines","19":"tag-latest-news","20":"tag-latestnews","21":"tag-lietuva","22":"tag-lietuviu","23":"tag-lithuania","24":"tag-lithuanian","25":"tag-lt","26":"tag-naujienos","27":"tag-news","28":"tag-pasaulis","29":"tag-populiariausios-naujienos","30":"tag-populiariausiosnaujienos","31":"tag-poveikis-gamtai","32":"tag-top-stories","33":"tag-topstories","34":"tag-world","35":"tag-world-news","36":"tag-worldnews"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"","error":"Validation failed: Text character limit of 500 exceeded"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24000","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24000"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24000\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24001"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24000"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24000"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24000"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}