{"id":86366,"date":"2026-01-18T08:23:10","date_gmt":"2026-01-18T08:23:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/86366\/"},"modified":"2026-01-18T08:23:10","modified_gmt":"2026-01-18T08:23:10","slug":"tyrimas-atskleide-tiesa-kurios-kaciu-veisles-yra-naturalios-o-kurios-dirbtines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/86366\/","title":{"rendered":"Tyrimas atskleid\u0117 ties\u0105: kurios ka\u010di\u0173 veisl\u0117s yra nat\u016bralios, o kurios \u2013 dirbtin\u0117s?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Atsakymas sud\u0117tingesnis, nei gali pasirodyti. Mis\u016brio universiteto Veterinarijos koled\u017eo ka\u010di\u0173 genetik\u0117 Leslie A. Lyons teigia, kad dauguma ka\u010di\u0173 veisli\u0173<\/a> atsirado per pastaruosius 140 met\u0173 ir atspindi specifini\u0173 fizini\u0173 savybi\u0173 atrankos, kuri\u0105 vykd\u0117 \u017emon\u0117s, rezultat\u0105.<\/p>\n

Vis d\u0117l to egzistuoja ka\u010di\u0173 veisl\u0117s, kurios vadinamos nat\u016braliomis, nes per t\u016bkstan\u010dius met\u0173 jos susiformavo pa\u010diose ka\u010di\u0173 populiacijose d\u0117l nat\u016brali\u0173 aplinkos veiksni\u0173. Tiesa, toki\u0173 veisli\u0173 yra tik keletas, ir joms priskiriamos tokios \u0161iandien itin m\u0117gstamos ka\u010di\u0173 veisl\u0117s kaip Meino me\u0161k\u0117nai<\/a>, sibirin\u0117s kat\u0117s<\/a>, rus\u0173 m\u0117lynosios, norveg\u0173 mi\u0161kin\u0117s kat\u0117s, Turkijos Vano kat\u0117s ir Egipto mau, ra\u0161o livescience.com.<\/p>\n

\"Oran\u017einis <\/p>\n

Anot ka\u010di\u0173 genetika besidomin\u010dios Sarah Hartwell, informacin\u012f \u0161altin\u012f apie kates \u201eMessyBeast\u201c, nat\u016brali\u0173 veisli\u0173 pirmtak\u0117s formavosi tokiomis pa\u010diomis s\u0105lygomis kaip ir laukin\u0117s gyv\u016bn\u0173 r\u016b\u0161ys.<\/p>\n

\u201eNat\u016bralios veisl\u0117s gali b\u016bti laikomos \u017eingsniu \u012f atskir\u0105 gyv\u016bn\u0173 r\u016b\u0161\u012f\u201c, \u2013 sak\u0117 ji \u201eLive Science\u201c.<\/p>\n

Da\u017eniausiai jos formavosi kat\u0117ms bandant prisitaikyti prie aplinkos. D\u0117l \u0161alt\u0173 ir snieguot\u0173 Vakar\u0173 Rusijos \u017eiem\u0173 i\u0161liko tankaus kailio, stambi\u0173 kaul\u0173 kat\u0117s, kurios v\u0117liau tapo pagrindu Sibiro mi\u0161kini\u0173 ka\u010di\u0173 veislei. Pietry\u010di\u0173 Azijoje ir Indijos vandenyno pakran\u010di\u0173 zonose \u0161iltos ir dr\u0117gnos s\u0105lygos buvo palankios trumpaplauk\u0117ms, liekno k\u016bno ir dideli\u0173 aus\u0173 kat\u0117ms, i\u0161 kuri\u0173 v\u0117liau susiformavo Abisinijos ka\u010di\u0173 veisl\u0117.<\/p>\n

\"Sibirin\u0117 <\/p>\n

Kai kuriais atvejais nat\u016bralios veisl\u0117s atsiranda d\u0117l geografin\u0117s izoliacijos. \u0160is rei\u0161kinys, vadinamas pradininko efektu, pasirei\u0161kia tuomet, kai genai, kurie n\u0117ra naudingi gyv\u016bn\u0173 i\u0161gyvenimui, plinta toliau, nes populiacija turi ma\u017e\u0105 ir izoliuot\u0105 genofond\u0105. B\u016btent taip nutiko Meno saloje (Anglijos autonomin\u0117je srityje Airijos j\u016broje), kai d\u0117l tarpusavio kry\u017eminimosi i\u0161plito geno mutacija, nul\u0117musi trump\u0105 uodeg\u0105 \u2013 taip atsirado Manks\u0173 veisl\u0117s kat\u0117s. Deja, d\u0117l \u0161ios uodegos mutacijos Manks\u0173 kat\u0117s da\u017enai ken\u010dia nuo stuburo defekt\u0173.<\/p>\n

\"Beuodeg\u0117 <\/p>\n

Dabar nat\u016bralumo nebeliko<\/p>\n

Nors nat\u016brali\u0173 veisli\u0173 prot\u0117viai i\u0161sivyst\u0117 nat\u016braliomis s\u0105lygomis, \u0161iuolaikin\u0117s \u0161i\u0173 veisli\u0173 atstov\u0117s jau neb\u0117ra tokios \u201enat\u016bralios\u201c.<\/p>\n

\u201eVisos veisl\u0117s, kad ir kokia b\u016bt\u0173 r\u016b\u0161is, patiria \u017emogaus \u012ftak\u0105\u201c, \u2013 \u201eLive Science\u201c sak\u0117 L.A. Lyons. \u017durnale \u201eAnimal Genetics\u201c ji su kitais bendraautoriais paskelb\u0117 tyrim\u0105, kuriame teigiama, kad per pastar\u0105j\u012f \u0161imtmet\u012f labai padaug\u0117jo selektyvaus ka\u010di\u0173 veisimo atvej\u0173, o tai savo ruo\u017etu panaikino aplinkos spaudim\u0105, d\u0117l kurio susiformavo nat\u016bralios veisl\u0117s.<\/p>\n

Pavyzd\u017eiui, Manks\u0173 kat\u0117s grei\u010diausiai b\u016bt\u0173 nat\u016braliai i\u0161nykusios d\u0117l genetin\u0117s \u012fvairov\u0117s stokos ir \u017ealingo trumpos uodegos mutacijos poveikio. Ta\u010diau \u0161iais laikais \u0161i veisl\u0117 teb\u0117ra pla\u010diai paplitusi, nes \u017emon\u0117s \u0161ias kates veisia ty\u010dia. Ta\u010diau netr\u016bksta ir t\u0173, kurie nor\u0117t\u0173 padaryti jai gal\u0105.<\/p>\n

\u201eSvarstoma \u201ei\u0161imti \u0161i\u0105 veisl\u0119 i\u0161 apyvartos\u201c arba rasti b\u016bd\u0173, kaip padaryti j\u0105 sveikesn\u0119, \u2013 \u201eLive Science\u201c sak\u0117 L. A. Lyons. \u2013 Galb\u016bt [bandysime] i\u0161vesti uodeguotus manksus.\u201c<\/p>\n

Kai kurios kadaise nat\u016braliai atsiradusios veisl\u0117s yra glaud\u017eiau susijusios su savo \u0161aknimis nei kitos. Pavyzd\u017eiui, \u0161iuolaikin\u0117s Sibiro kat\u0117s tiek geneti\u0161kai, tiek fizi\u0161kai teb\u0117ra pana\u0161ios \u012f savo ankstyv\u0105sias pirmtakes, nes veis\u0117jai i\u0161 j\u0173 kilm\u0117s regiono veisimo programoms reguliariai atsive\u017ea nauj\u0173 ka\u010di\u0173, kurios gyveno kaip benam\u0117s ar buvo globojamos \u017emoni\u0173. <\/p>\n

\"Rus\u0173 <\/p>\n

Kitos veisl\u0117s b\u0117gant metams buvo geneti\u0161kai ir fizi\u0161kai pakoreguotos. Pavyzd\u017eiui, rus\u0173 m\u0117lynosios kat\u0117s buvo sukry\u017emintos su Siamo<\/a> kat\u0117mis, kad j\u0173 veisl\u0117 po Antrojo pasaulinio karo nei\u0161nykt\u0173, ir nuo to laiko veis\u0117jai suskirst\u0117 jas \u012f tam tikrus \u201etipus\u201c, kuri\u0173 i\u0161vaizda skiriasi nuo originali\u0173 ka\u010di\u0173.<\/p>\n

Taigi, \u201enat\u016bralios\u201c ka\u010di\u0173 veisl\u0117s egzistuoja, ta\u010diau jos neb\u0117ra visi\u0161kai nat\u016bralios. Meino me\u0161k\u0117nai, turintys specifini\u0173 savo veisl\u0117s bruo\u017e\u0173, pavyzd\u017eiui, stamb\u0173 k\u016bn\u0105, kvadratin\u012f \u017eandikaul\u012f ar p\u0117das su \u0161e\u0161iais ar daugiau pir\u0161t\u0173, gali b\u016bti pana\u0161\u016bs \u012f XIX a. atrastas Meino me\u0161k\u0117n\u0173 veisl\u0117s kates, ta\u010diau tokia j\u0173 i\u0161vaizda buvo i\u0161saugota, o kai kuriais atvejais net i\u0161ry\u0161kinta dirbtin\u0117s selekcijos b\u016bdu.<\/p>\n

\u201eViskas priklauso nuo populiarumo ir nuo to, kas patinka \u017emon\u0117ms\u201c, \u2013 \u201eLive Science\u201c sak\u0117 L. A. Lyons.<\/p>\n

\u201eViena ka\u010di\u0173 linija gali tapti labai populiari ir pakeisti visos veisl\u0117s bruo\u017eus, o paskui ji gali pakrypti kita linkme, nelygu nauja mada.\u201c<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Atsakymas sud\u0117tingesnis, nei gali pasirodyti. Mis\u016brio universiteto Veterinarijos koled\u017eo ka\u010di\u0173 genetik\u0117 Leslie A. Lyons teigia, kad dauguma ka\u010di\u0173…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":86367,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[25,30,31,34,35,24,18137,18134,11177,13592,32,33,37,39,36,38,40,18135,23,22,44,28,29,18138,26,27,18136,74,75,76],"class_list":{"0":"post-86366","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-pasaulis","8":"tag-antrastes","9":"tag-breaking-news","10":"tag-breakingnews","11":"tag-featured-news","12":"tag-featurednews","13":"tag-headlines","14":"tag-kaciu-veisles","15":"tag-kailis","16":"tag-kate","17":"tag-kates","18":"tag-latest-news","19":"tag-latestnews","20":"tag-lietuva","21":"tag-lietuviu","22":"tag-lithuania","23":"tag-lithuanian","24":"tag-lt","25":"tag-meino-meskenai","26":"tag-naujienos","27":"tag-news","28":"tag-pasaulis","29":"tag-populiariausios-naujienos","30":"tag-populiariausiosnaujienos","31":"tag-siamo-kate","32":"tag-top-stories","33":"tag-topstories","34":"tag-veisle","35":"tag-world","36":"tag-world-news","37":"tag-worldnews"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@lt\/115915142133576964","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86366","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=86366"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86366\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/86367"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=86366"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=86366"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=86366"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}