Lietuv\u0101 \u0161odien piemin tra\u0123iskos 13. janv\u0101ra notikumus pirms 35 gadiem. Toreiz, padomju karasp\u0113ka vien\u012bb\u0101m ie\u0146emot Vi\u013c\u0146as radio un telev\u012bzijas centru, g\u0101ja boj\u0101 14 cilv\u0113ki, bet vair\u0101ki simti tika ievainoti.<\/p>\n
Pas\u0101kum\u0101 Seima nam\u0101 izskan\u0113ja atzi\u0146as ne tikai par v\u0113sturi, bet ar\u012b par tagadni. Lietuvas prezidents Gitans Naus\u0113da uzsv\u0113ra \u2013 br\u012bv\u0101 valst\u012b vieta ir ikvienam\u00a0neatkar\u012bgi no at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgiem viedok\u013ciem un redz\u0113jumu par valsts p\u0101rvald\u012bbu:\u00a0<\/p>\n
“Visos jaut\u0101jumos m\u0113s nekad neatrad\u012bsim kopsauc\u0113ju\u00a0\u2013\u00a0m\u0113s str\u012bd\u0113simies, k\u0101 lab\u0101k p\u0101rvald\u012bt valsti, k\u0101 sadal\u012bt ierobe\u017eotus resursus, k\u0101 risin\u0101t jaunas probl\u0113mas. Ar\u012b t\u0101 ir m\u016bsu br\u012bv\u012bbas izpausme. Kam\u0113r m\u016bs vieno m\u012blest\u012bba pret Lietuvu, m\u0113s varam daudz ko paciest un piedot viens otram. Kam\u0113r m\u016bs vieno m\u012blest\u012bba pret Lietuvu, m\u0113s varam pa\u013cauties viens uz otru.”<\/p>\n
Dz\u012bv\u012bbu zaud\u0113ju\u0161\u0101 br\u012bv\u012bbas aizst\u0101vja Apolinara Joza Povilaita d\u0113ls Roberts sav\u0101 run\u0101 uzsv\u0113ra, ka pirms 35 gadiem cilv\u0113ki aizst\u0101v\u0113ja nevis \u0113kas, bet gan ties\u012bbas br\u012bvi dom\u0101t, run\u0101t, dzird\u0113t un uzzin\u0101t par notieko\u0161o. Vi\u0146\u0161 ar\u012b v\u0113rsa uzman\u012bbu uz draudiem demokr\u0101tijai:<\/p>\n
“Kad politiskaj\u0101 retorik\u0101 risin\u0101jumu viet\u0101 s\u0101k mekl\u0113t ienaidniekus, kad naids un sabiedr\u012bbas sa\u0161\u0137elt\u012bba tiek normaliz\u0113ta, vairs nepast\u0101v viedok\u013cu da\u017e\u0101d\u012bbas. Tas ir drauds demokr\u0101tijai. Kad pie varas non\u0101k naida kurin\u0101t\u0101ji, valsti s\u0101k graut no iek\u0161ienes,” vi\u0146\u0161 pauda.\u00a0Roberts ar\u012b piebilda, ka\u00a013. janv\u0101ris dod pien\u0101kumu Lietuvas sabiedr\u012bbai b\u016bt modrai ne tikai pret \u0101r\u0113jo agresiju, bet ar\u012b pret demokr\u0101tijas grau\u0161anu:<\/p>\n
“\u0160odien nacion\u0101lo mediju grib padar\u012bt par \u0113rtu \u2013 t\u0101du, kas neuzdod ne\u0113rtus jaut\u0101jumus. Br\u012bd\u012b, kad sabiedriskais medijs k\u013c\u016bst \u0113rts politi\u0137iem, tas p\u0101rst\u0101j b\u016bt sabiedrisks.”<\/p>\n
1991. gada 13. janv\u0101ris ir tra\u0123isk\u0101k\u0101 lappuse Lietuvas m\u016bsdienu v\u0113stur\u0113.<\/p>\n
\nUzbrukum\u0101 Vi\u013c\u0146as telev\u012bzijas tornim g\u0101ja boj\u0101 neapbru\u0146oti iedz\u012bvot\u0101ji, kuri kail\u0101m rok\u0101m sarg\u0101ja strat\u0113\u0123iskos objektus Lietuv\u0101. Padomju armijas specvien\u012bbas \u0161\u0101va uz civiliedz\u012bvot\u0101jiem un brauca p\u0101ri ar tankiem.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
Zi\u0146as ar videokameru fiks\u0113taj\u0101m padomju karasp\u0113ka zv\u0113r\u012bb\u0101m strauji izplat\u012bj\u0101s pasaul\u0113.\u00a0Tiek uzskat\u012bts, ka as\u0101 starptautisk\u0101 rezonanse, k\u0101 ar\u012b reakcija tolaik Krievijas liber\u0101li noska\u0146otaj\u0101s aprind\u0101s bija iemesls, k\u0101p\u0113c padomju imp\u0113rijas piekrit\u0113ji zv\u0113r\u012bbas piebremz\u0113ja, neizpildot visu pl\u0101nu.\u00a0<\/p>\n
“Cilv\u0113ki sadev\u0101s rok\u0101s un apjoza \u017eogu, dom\u0101j\u0101m \u2013 n\u0113 , vi\u0146i ar tankiem virs\u016b nebrauks. Tur\u0113simies! Es v\u0113l tagad atceros t\u0101 tankista pel\u0113k\u0101s acis, kur\u0161 brauca mums virs\u016b. Protams, m\u0113s visi muk\u0101m kur nu kurais,” t\u0101 vakara \u0161ausmas atceras\u00a0Da\u013ca \u017di\u017eauskiene.<\/p>\n
Medi\u0137i 13.\u00a0janv\u0101ra nakt\u012b gl\u0101ba sa\u0161autos un zem padomju tankiem sa\u0161\u0137aid\u012btos. Vi\u0146u vid\u016b Ir\u0113na Degutiene, bijus\u012b Lietuvas Seima sp\u012bkere, kura barik\u0101\u017eu laik\u0101 bija \u0101rste:\u00a0<\/p>\n
“M\u0113s redz\u0113j\u0101m vienas vien\u012bgas asinis, asaras, kliedzienus un durvis, pa kur\u0101m nep\u0101rtraukti veda iek\u0161\u0101 cietu\u0161os. Ievainojumi bija \u013coti da\u017e\u0101di. Es redz\u0113ju Loretu Asanavi\u010duti, vienu no 14\u00a0upuriem. Vi\u0146a bija vien\u012bg\u0101 meitene, p\u0101r\u0113jie boj\u0101 g\u0101ju\u0161ie bija pui\u0161i. Vi\u0146ai p\u0101ri p\u0101rbrauca tanks. K\u0101jas bija sa\u0161\u0137aid\u012btas. Meitene bija \u0161ok\u0101 un v\u0113l sp\u0113ja run\u0101t. Un es atceros, vi\u0146as raudo\u0161o m\u0101ti, kura ar\u012b tur bija. Tur bija cietu\u0161o j\u016bra un visus veda no TV tor\u0146a. Es nevaru v\u0101rdiem izst\u0101st\u012bt t\u0101s saj\u016btas.”<\/p>\n
Padomju specvien\u012bbas uzbrukum\u0101 no pa\u0161a biedru lodes mira ar\u012b viens no t\u0101 sauktajiem omonie\u0161iem, turpina Ir\u0113na:<\/p>\n
“Omonie\u0161i atn\u0101ca vi\u0146u mekl\u0113t, bet vi\u0146a jau nebija. M\u0113s vi\u0146u nosl\u0113p\u0101m k\u0101 “lietisko pier\u0101d\u012bjumu”. Tagad Lietuv\u0101 da\u017ei demagogi apgalvo, ka sav\u0113jie \u0161\u0101vu\u0161i uz sav\u0113jiem. No omonie\u0161a \u0137erme\u0146a iz\u0146emt\u0101 lode pier\u0101da \u2013\u00a0t\u0101 nebija, tie ir meli. Br\u012bv\u012bbas aizst\u0101vjiem iero\u010du nebija.”<\/p>\n
\nPadomju re\u017e\u012bms par \u0161\u0101du oper\u0101ciju\u00a0iz\u0161\u0137\u012br\u0101s, jo\u00a0Kremlis nev\u0113l\u0113j\u0101s\u00a0izlaist no rok\u0101m br\u012bv\u012bbu alksto\u0161\u0101s Baltijas valstis, kuras jau 90. gad\u0101 bija pie\u0146\u0113mu\u0161as neatkar\u012bbas deklar\u0101ciju. Padomju Savien\u012bba agonij\u0101 cent\u0101s nov\u0113rst savien\u012bbas sabrukumu.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
“Nekur j\u016bs neliksieties, nekur j\u016bs neaiziesiet. J\u016bs esat civiliz\u0113ta tauta. Me\u017eo\u0146i var kaut ko tur, saprotiet. J\u016bs neaiziesiet! Sirdsapzi\u0146a galu gal\u0101 jums ne\u013caus,” apgalvoja t\u0101 laika\u00a0PSRS prezidents\u00a0Mihails Gorba\u010dovs.<\/p>\n
90. gadu otraj\u0101 pus\u0113 PSRS bija s\u0101kusi t\u0101 saukto speci\u0101lo oper\u0101ciju trauksmes rad\u012b\u0161anai, ar m\u0113r\u0137i ieviest tie\u0161u PSRS prezidenta Mihaila Gorba\u010dova p\u0101rvaldi. No trim Br\u012bv\u012bbu alksto\u0161aj\u0101m Baltijas Republik\u0101m, tie\u0161i Lietuva sa\u0146\u0113ma vissasi\u0146ain\u0101ko sodu par atteik\u0161anos atcelt pie\u0146emto neatkar\u012bbas deklar\u0101ciju.<\/p>\n
Par tra\u0123isko notikumu galvenajiem iniciatoriem uzskata stingr\u0101s l\u012bnijas komunistus un PSRS sp\u0113ka strukt\u016bru vad\u012bt\u0101jus. Par \u0161iem tra\u0123iskajiem notikumiem Lietuv\u0101 notiku\u0161as daudzas tiesved\u012bbas. Ta\u010du tra\u0123\u0113dij\u0101 iesaist\u012bto sauk\u0161anu pie atbild\u012bbas apgr\u016btina vi\u0146u atra\u0161an\u0101s Krievij\u0101.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Valodas k\u013c\u016bda rakst\u0101?<\/p>\n