Atkar\u012bbu aina Latvij\u0101 k\u013c\u016bst sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101ka \u2013 pieaug sint\u0113tisko vielu lieto\u0161ana, digitaliz\u0101cija ievie\u0161 jaunus atkar\u012bbu veidus, bet \u0101rstniec\u012bbas iest\u0101des sastopas ar liel\u0101ku spiedienu un sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101k\u0101m diagnoz\u0113m, \u0161odien konferenc\u0113 par atkar\u012bbu psihiatrijas aktualit\u0101t\u0113m v\u0113rt\u0113ja Nacion\u0101l\u0101 psihisk\u0101s vesel\u012bbas centra (NPVC) valdes priek\u0161s\u0113d\u0113t\u0101ja Sandra P\u016bce.<\/p>\n
K\u0101 inform\u0113ja NPVC komunik\u0101cijas speci\u0101liste Ilze Kr\u016bkle, konferenc\u0113 tika analiz\u0113tas aktualit\u0101tes atkar\u012bbu psihiatrij\u0101, akcent\u0113jot jauno psihoakt\u012bvo vielu izplat\u012bbu, komorb\u012bdas diagnozes, skr\u012bninga r\u012bkus, \u0123imenes \u0101rstu lomu un sabiedr\u012bbas attieksmes mai\u0146as nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbu.<\/p>\n
NPVC uzsver, ka m\u016bsdienu atkar\u012bbu \u0101rst\u0113\u0161ana vairs nav tikai narkologu vai psihiatru darbs \u2013 t\u0101 ir multidisciplin\u0101ra komandas pieeja, kur\u0101 nepiecie\u0161ama \u0123imenes \u0101rstu, psihologu, soci\u0101lo darbinieku un sabiedr\u012bbas vesel\u012bbas speci\u0101listu sadarb\u012bba.<\/p>\n
Sabiedr\u012bbas vesel\u012bbas speci\u0101lists M\u0101rti\u0146\u0161 Zavackis lekcij\u0101 prezent\u0113ja jaun\u0101kos datus par atkar\u012bbu izraiso\u0161o vielu izplat\u012bbu Latvij\u0101, \u012bpa\u0161i piev\u0113r\u0161oties jaunie\u0161u paradumiem un sabiedr\u012bbas uztveres mai\u0146ai. Vi\u0146\u0161 nor\u0101d\u012bja \u2013 lai gan alkohola un klasisko narkotiku lieto\u0161anas r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101ji kopum\u0101 saglab\u0101jas sal\u012bdzino\u0161i stabili, strauji pieaug elektronisko cigare\u0161u, nikot\u012bna spilventi\u0146u un citu it k\u0101 “maz\u0101k kait\u012bgu” vielu lieto\u0161ana pusaud\u017eu vid\u016b, jo \u012bpa\u0161i meite\u0146u grup\u0101s. T\u0101pat lieto\u0161anas uzs\u0101k\u0161ana notiek arvien agr\u0101k, nereti jau pirms 13 gadu vecuma.<\/p>\n
\u0160os paradumus pastiprina gan pievilc\u012bgs iepakojums un gar\u0161as, gan digit\u0101lo platformu m\u0113r\u0137\u0113ta rekl\u0101ma.<\/p>\n
Speci\u0101lists ar\u012b uzsv\u0113ra datu tr\u016bkumu par da\u017e\u0101du vielu ilgtermi\u0146a ietekmi, nor\u0101dot, ka sabiedr\u012bbas vesel\u012bbas sist\u0113mai j\u0101rea\u0123\u0113 proakt\u012bvi, pirms \u0161ie riski k\u013c\u016bst nekontrol\u0113jami.<\/p>\n
Savuk\u0101rt NPVC Narkolo\u0123isk\u0101s pal\u012bdz\u012bbas dienesta vad\u012bt\u0101ja Astr\u012bda Stirna<\/a> konferenc\u0113 uzsv\u0113ra jauno sint\u0113tisko vielu izplat\u012bbu, \u012bpa\u0161i nitaz\u0113nu grupas opio\u012bdu non\u0101k\u0161anu Latvijas narkotiku aprit\u0113. Vi\u0146a nor\u0101d\u012bja, ka \u0161o vielu iedarb\u012bba ir 10 l\u012bdz 20 reizes sp\u0113c\u012bg\u0101ka par fentanilu, un to lieto\u0161ana bie\u017ei notiek nezinot vielas sast\u0101vu, kas b\u016btiski palielina p\u0101rdoz\u0113\u0161anas un n\u0101ves risku.<\/p>\n Stirna iez\u012bm\u0113ja, ka narkotiku lietot\u0101ju profils main\u0101s – lietot\u0101ji k\u013c\u016bst jaun\u0101ki, daudzveid\u012bg\u0101ki un bie\u017ei saskaras ar multiplu komorbidit\u0101ti \u2013 psihiskiem trauc\u0113jumiem, somatisk\u0101m saslim\u0161an\u0101m, soci\u0101lo dezintegr\u0101ciju.<\/p>\n \u0160aj\u0101 kontekst\u0101 tradicion\u0101l\u0101s \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anas pieejas nereti izr\u0101d\u0101s nepietiekamas, t\u0101p\u0113c speci\u0101liste aicin\u0101ja p\u0101rdom\u0101t sist\u0113miskos meh\u0101nismus, minot, ka “\u0161obr\u012bd m\u0113s dz\u0113\u0161am ugunsgr\u0113kus, nevis nov\u0113r\u0161am aizdeg\u0161an\u0101s iemeslus”. Stirna ar\u012b v\u0113rsa uzman\u012bbu nepietiekamam resursu sadal\u012bjumam un prim\u0101r\u0101s profilakses v\u0101jumam.<\/p>\n Prezent\u0101cij\u0101 tika uzsv\u0113rta nepiecie\u0161am\u012bba p\u0113c savlaic\u012bgas vielu identifik\u0101cijas, \u0101rstniec\u012bbas personu apm\u0101c\u012bb\u0101m, integr\u0113tas datu anal\u012bzes, k\u0101 ar\u012b sadarb\u012bbas ar ties\u012bbsarg\u0101jo\u0161\u0101m un izgl\u012bt\u012bbas iest\u0101d\u0113m.<\/p>\n Stirna \u012bpa\u0161i izc\u0113la ar\u012b naloksona noz\u012bmi dz\u012bv\u012bbas gl\u0101b\u0161an\u0101 un aicin\u0101ja uz pla\u0161\u0101ku pieejam\u012bbu \u0161ai vielai pirm\u0101s pal\u012bdz\u012bbas sniedz\u0113jiem un \u0123imenes locek\u013ciem.<\/p>\n Konferenc\u0113 tika apspriests ar\u012b benzodiazep\u012bnu izrakst\u012b\u0161anas un lieto\u0161anas prakses izv\u0113rt\u0113jums, ko prezent\u0113ja NPVC Narkolo\u0123isk\u0101s pal\u012bdz\u012bbas dienesta stacion\u0101ra virs\u0101rste Sarm\u012bte Skaida. Vi\u0146a uzsv\u0113ra, ka Latvij\u0101 sedat\u012bvo un miega l\u012bdzek\u013cu pat\u0113ri\u0146\u0161 ir iev\u0113rojami augst\u0101ks nek\u0101 citviet Eirop\u0101. Ja Eiropas vid\u0113jais benzodiazep\u012bnu lieto\u0161anas r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101js ir ap 17%, tad Latvij\u0101 tie sasniedz jau 40%, un se\u0161u gadu laik\u0101 \u0161is \u012bpatsvars ir tr\u012bsk\u0101r\u0161ojies.<\/p>\n Katru dienu Latvij\u0101 vair\u0101k nek\u0101 57 000 iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju lieto vismaz vienu atkar\u012bbu izraiso\u0161u sedat\u012bvo vai prettrauksmes l\u012bdzekli, inform\u0113ja Skaida.<\/p>\n Speci\u0101iste uzsv\u0113rusi, ka \u0161iem medikamentiem piem\u012bt sp\u0113c\u012bga nomierino\u0161a, anksiol\u012btiska un pretkrampju iedarb\u012bba, ta\u010du ilgsto\u0161a lieto\u0161ana var novest pie kognit\u012bviem trauc\u0113jumiem, demences riska un sare\u017e\u0123\u012btiem atcel\u0161anas simptomiem.<\/p>\n Prezent\u0101cij\u0101 tika uzsv\u0113rta nepiecie\u0161am\u012bba p\u0113c stingras uzraudz\u012bbas un vienotas sist\u0113mas benzodiazep\u012bnu izrakst\u012b\u0161an\u0101, tostarp vienotas pacienta vieno\u0161an\u0101s formas, “e-vesel\u012bbas” datu izmanto\u0161anas un komandas pieejas \u0101rst\u0113\u0161an\u0101.<\/p>\n Skaida rosin\u0101ja vair\u0101kas konkr\u0113tas darb\u012bbas, tostarp valsts l\u012bme\u0146a izmai\u0146as algoritmos, \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anas l\u012bgumu ievie\u0161anu un recep\u0161u p\u0101rskat\u012b\u0161anas k\u0101rt\u012bbu, k\u0101 ar\u012b uzsv\u0113ra \u0101rstniec\u012bbas personu apm\u0101c\u012bbu noz\u012bmi.<\/p>\n Profesors M\u0101ris Bukovskis run\u0101ja par nikot\u012bna atkar\u012bbu. Vi\u0146\u0161 sav\u0101 prezent\u0101cij\u0101 “Sm\u0113\u0137\u0113\u0161anas diskr\u0113tais \u0161arms laikmetu grie\u017eos” ieskic\u0113jis gan sm\u0113\u0137\u0113\u0161anas v\u0113sturiskos aspektus un sabiedr\u012bbas attieksmes mai\u0146u, gan detaliz\u0113ti analiz\u0113jis m\u016bsdien\u0101s pieejam\u0101s \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anas metodes. \u012apa\u0161i vi\u0146\u0161 uzsv\u0113ris nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbu sm\u0113\u0137\u0113\u0161anu uztvert k\u0101 hronisku, bet \u0101rst\u0113jamu slim\u012bbu.<\/p>\n Prezent\u0101cij\u0101 tika apl\u016bkoti da\u017e\u0101di zin\u0101tniski pamatoti sm\u0113\u0137\u0113\u0161anas atme\u0161anas risin\u0101jumi, tostarp nikot\u012bna aizst\u0101jterapija, bupropions, varenikl\u012bns un atjaunoti, dabiskas izcelsmes medikamenti, piem\u0113ram, citiz\u012bns.<\/p>\n Bukovskis ar\u012b aicin\u0101ja \u0101rstus izstr\u0101d\u0101t re\u0101listiskus atme\u0161anas pl\u0101nus un izmantot pieejamos skr\u012bninga r\u012bkus, piem\u0113ram, Fagerstr\u0113ma testu, lai nov\u0113rt\u0113tu atkar\u012bbas<\/a> pak\u0101pi un izv\u0113l\u0113tos atbilsto\u0161\u0101ko terapiju.<\/p>\n L\u012bdztekus kl\u012bnisk\u0101 psiholo\u0123e Magdal\u0113na Iveta Pranaite konferenc\u0113 atkl\u0101ja, cik strauji Latvij\u0101 pieaug procesu atkar\u012bbas, \u012bpa\u0161i azartsp\u0113\u013cu un digit\u0101l\u0101s atkar\u012bbas. Vi\u0146a analiz\u0113ja aktu\u0101lo statistiku, kas r\u0101dot, ka Latvij\u0101 vair\u0101k nek\u0101 34 000 cilv\u0113ku iek\u013cauti Pa\u0161atteiku\u0161os sp\u0113l\u0113t\u0101ju re\u0123istr\u0101, bet pal\u012bdz\u012bbas pieejam\u012bba joproj\u0101m ir fragment\u0101ra.<\/p>\n Konferences starptautisk\u0101 da\u013ca iez\u012bm\u0113ja pla\u0161\u0101ku re\u0123ion\u0101lo skat\u012bjumu uz atkar\u012bbu \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anu un sabiedr\u012bbas reakciju Baltijas valst\u012bs.<\/p>\n Igaunijas psihiatrs Ants Kasks atkl\u0101ja, ka p\u0113c 20 gadus ilgu\u0161\u0101s fentanila epid\u0113mijas Igaunij\u0101 \u0161obr\u012bd aktu\u0101l\u0101kais apdraud\u0113jums ir nitaz\u0113ni \u2013 jauni sint\u0113tiskie opio\u012bdi, kas 2024. gad\u0101 saist\u012bti ar vair\u0101k nek\u0101 40 no visiem 93 re\u0123istr\u0113tajiem p\u0101rdoz\u0113\u0161anas n\u0101ves gad\u012bjumiem.<\/p>\n Vi\u0146\u0161 uzsv\u0113ra, ka vielu lieto\u0161ana Igaunij\u0101 k\u013c\u016bst arvien izplat\u012bt\u0101ka jaunie\u0161u un milit\u0101rpersonu vid\u016b, k\u0101 ar\u012b atz\u012bm\u0113ja nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbu p\u0113c lab\u0101kas sabiedr\u012bbas inform\u0113\u0161anas un pieejam\u0101kiem \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anas pakalpojumiem, ar\u012b “zem\u0101 sliek\u0161\u0146a” centros.<\/p>\n Savuk\u0101rt Emilis Subata no Lietuvas uzsv\u0113ra atkar\u012bbu \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anas integr\u0101cijas noz\u012bmi visp\u0101r\u0113j\u0101 vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes sist\u0113m\u0101, par piem\u0113ru minot Lietuvas modeli, kur \u0101rst\u0113\u0161an\u0101 akt\u012bvi tiek iesaist\u012btas ar\u012b prob\u0101cijas iest\u0101des, b\u0113rnu ties\u012bbu aizsardz\u012bbas dienesti un \u0123imenes \u0101rsti, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di stiprinot nep\u0101rtraukt\u012bbu un samazinot stigmu.<\/p>\n Seko “Delfi” ar\u012b Instagram<\/a> un YouTube<\/a> profil\u0101 \u2013 pievienojies, lai uzzin\u0101tu svar\u012bg\u0101ko un interesant\u0101ko pirmais!<\/p>\n Publik\u0101cijas saturs vai t\u0101s jebk\u0101da apjoma da\u013ca ir aizsarg\u0101ts autorties\u012bbu objekts Autorties\u012bbu likuma izpratn\u0113, un t\u0101 izmanto\u0161ana bez izdev\u0113ja at\u013caujas ir aizliegta. Vair\u0101k lasi \u0161eit<\/a>