{"id":23005,"date":"2025-10-17T03:37:08","date_gmt":"2025-10-17T03:37:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/23005\/"},"modified":"2025-10-17T03:37:08","modified_gmt":"2025-10-17T03:37:08","slug":"alaskas-muzigaja-sasaluma-atmodinati-40-000-gadu-veci-mikrobi-tas-rada-bazas-par-klimata-parmainam-lente-lv","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/23005\/","title":{"rendered":"A\u013caskas m\u016b\u017e\u012bgaj\u0101 sasalum\u0101 atmodin\u0101ti 40 000 gadu veci mikrobi \u2013 tas rada ba\u017eas par klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146\u0101m\u00a0\u2014\u00a0Lente.lv"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Zin\u0101tnieki ir pan\u0101ku\u0161i ko patiesi sensacion\u0101lu un vienlaikus satrauco\u0161u: no A\u013caskas m\u016b\u017e\u012bg\u0101 sasaluma dzi\u013cumiem ir atmodin\u0101ti mikrobi, kas gul\u0113ju\u0161i iesalu\u0161i aptuveni 40 000 gadu. \u0160ie senie organismi, kas iepriek\u0161 biju\u0161i nekust\u012bgi, tagad atkal ir akt\u012bvi un, kas rada visliel\u0101k\u0101s ba\u017eas, sp\u0113j sadal\u012bt organisko vielu, izdalot siltumn\u012bcefekta g\u0101zes. \u0160is atkl\u0101jums met jaunu gaismu uz klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146u potenci\u0101lajiem riskiem un liek nopietni apzin\u0101ties sen atrast\u0101s dz\u012bv\u012bbas atmodin\u0101\u0161anas sekas.<\/p>\n<p>Atdz\u012bvin\u0101ta dz\u012bv\u012bba no ledus laikmeta<\/p>\n<p>P\u0113tnieki no Kolor\u0101do Boulderas universit\u0101tes veica aizraujo\u0161u eksperimentu, ieg\u016bstot paraugus no A\u013caskas m\u016b\u017e\u012bg\u0101 sasaluma tune\u013ca, kas atrodas vair\u0101k nek\u0101 30 metru dzi\u013cum\u0101 zem zemes. \u0160is tunelis, ko izmanto ASV armijas In\u017eenieru korpuss, ir unik\u0101la vieta, kur iesp\u0113jams p\u0113t\u012bt gadsimtiem ilgi saglab\u0101ju\u0161os ledus laikmeta paraugus, tostarp mamutu kaulus un senas augu paliekas. Tika atmodin\u0101ti mikrobi, kas biju\u0161i iesalu\u0161i aptuveni 40 000 gadu, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di atgrie\u017eoties no m\u016b\u017e\u012bg\u0101 sasaluma miega, kas s\u0101k\u0101s pleistoc\u0113na laikmet\u0101.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160ie mikrobi, kas tika inkub\u0113ti temperat\u016br\u0101s, kas imit\u0113 sasilsto\u0161u Arktikas vasaru (ap 4-12 \u00b0C), s\u0101kotn\u0113ji uzr\u0101d\u012bja \u013coti l\u0113nu aktivit\u0101ti. Tom\u0113r p\u0113c aptuveni se\u0161iem m\u0113ne\u0161iem notika \u201cdramatisks\u201d izmai\u0146as: mikrobi k\u013cuva iev\u0113rojami akt\u012bv\u0101ki, veidojot pat redzamas bio pl\u0113ves \u2013 sl\u0101\u0146us, kas pal\u012bdz bakt\u0113rij\u0101m izdz\u012bvot un izplat\u012bties. K\u0101 nor\u0101da p\u0113tnieki, \u0161ie paraugi neb\u016bt nav miru\u0161i, bet gan sp\u0113j uztur\u0113t dz\u012bv\u012bbu un turpin\u0101t savas dabisk\u0101s funkcijas, piem\u0113ram, sadal\u012bt veco organisko materi\u0101lu. Viens no p\u0113t\u012bjuma galvenajiem autoriem, Tristan Caro, sal\u012bdzina sevi un kol\u0113\u0123us ar satiksmes policistiem, kas \u201c\u0161auj ar radaru \u0161iem mikrobiem un nosaka vi\u0146u darb\u012bbas \u0101trumu.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u017eas par klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146u atgriezenisko saiti<\/p>\n<p>\u0160is atkl\u0101jums rada nopietnas ba\u017eas par klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146u n\u0101kotni. M\u016b\u017e\u012bgais sasalums, kas kl\u0101j aptuveni ceturto da\u013cu Zemes zieme\u013cu puslodzes sauszemes, satur milz\u012bgu daudzumu organisk\u0101 oglek\u013ca \u2013 apl\u0113sts, ka tas ir gandr\u012bz divreiz vair\u0101k nek\u0101 visa Zemes atmosf\u0113r\u0101 eso\u0161\u0101 oglek\u013ca. Kad m\u016b\u017e\u012bgais sasalums s\u0101k kust, tas atbr\u012bvo \u0161o seno organisko materi\u0101lu, ko mikrobi var s\u0101kt sadal\u012bt. \u0160is process izdala oglek\u013ca dioks\u012bdu (CO2) un met\u0101nu (CH4) \u2013 abi ir sp\u0113c\u012bgi siltumn\u012bcefekta g\u0101zes, kas veicina glob\u0101lo sasil\u0161anu.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0113tnieki \u012bpa\u0161i uzsver, ka svar\u012bg\u0101ka par vienu karstu vasaras dienu ir vasaras sezonas pagarin\u0101\u0161an\u0101s, kas \u013cauj siltumam saglab\u0101ties ilg\u0101k, iespie\u017eoties dzi\u013c\u0101k sasaluma sl\u0101\u0146os. Tas dod mikrobiem vair\u0101k laika k\u013c\u016bt akt\u012bviem un sadal\u012bt organisko vielu. Zin\u0101tnieki br\u012bdina, ka tas var\u0113tu izrais\u012bt b\u012bstamu atgriezenisko saiti: sasil\u0161ana izraisa m\u016b\u017e\u012bg\u0101 sasaluma ku\u0161anu, kas atbr\u012bvo vair\u0101k siltumn\u012bcefekta g\u0101zu, kas savuk\u0101rt pa\u0101trina sasil\u0161anu un v\u0113l liel\u0101ku m\u016b\u017e\u012bg\u0101 sasaluma ku\u0161anu. Tas ir k\u0101 nekontrol\u0113jams lav\u012bnveida process.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTas ir viens no liel\u0101kajiem nezin\u0101majiem klimata reakcij\u0101s,\u201d saka Sebastians Kops, viens no p\u0113t\u012bjuma l\u012bdzautoriem. \u201cM\u0113s patie\u0161\u0101m nezin\u0101m, kas sl\u0113pjas dzi\u013ci sasalum\u0101.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Atsl\u0113gas atzi\u0146as un turpm\u0101kie so\u013ci<\/p>\n<p>Galven\u0101s atzi\u0146as no \u0161\u012b p\u0113t\u012bjuma ir \u0161\u0101das:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sen\u0101 dz\u012bv\u012bba ir re\u0101la: Mikrobi, kas biju\u0161i nekust\u012bgi 40 000 gadu, sp\u0113j atdz\u012bvoties un atjaunot savu metabolisms.<\/li>\n<li>Siltumn\u012bcefekta g\u0101zu emisijas: Atmodin\u0101tie mikrobi sadala veco organisko materi\u0101lu, izdalot CO2 un potenci\u0101li met\u0101nu.<\/li>\n<li>Atgriezenisk\u0101 saite: Pagarin\u0101tas un silt\u0101kas vasaras Arktik\u0101 veicina ilg\u0101ku mikrobakteri\u0101lo aktivit\u0101ti, radot risku pa\u0101trin\u0101t klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146as.<\/li>\n<li>Aizkav\u0113ta reakcija: Ir laika aizture starp sasaluma atku\u0161\u0146u un mikrobakteri\u0101l\u0101s aktivit\u0101tes piln\u012bgu aktiviz\u0113\u0161anos, kas var\u0113tu sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt \u0161o emisiju integr\u0113\u0161anu klimata mode\u013cos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Lai gan \u0161ie konkr\u0113tie mikrobi nav uzskat\u0101mi par b\u012bstamiem cilv\u0113ku vesel\u012bbai, p\u0113t\u012bjuma rezult\u0101ti ir \u013coti svar\u012bgi, lai prognoz\u0113tu, k\u0101 m\u016b\u017e\u012bgais sasalums un taj\u0101 eso\u0161\u0101 dz\u012bv\u012bba ietekm\u0113s Arktikas un glob\u0101lo klimatu n\u0101kotn\u0113. Zin\u0101tnieki uzsver, ka ir nepiecie\u0161ami turpm\u0101ki p\u0113t\u012bjumi, lai prec\u012bz\u0101k nov\u0113rt\u0113tu, cik daudz oglek\u013ca ir iesprostots m\u016b\u017e\u012bgaj\u0101 sasalum\u0101 un cik strauji tas var\u0113tu tikt atbr\u012bvots, kad \u0161ie senie ekosist\u0113mas atdz\u012bvosies. Tas ir k\u0101 \u201cPandoras l\u0101de\u201d, kas atv\u0113rta, un m\u0113s v\u0113l nezin\u0101m, k\u0101das sekas tas rad\u012bs.<\/p>\n<p>Potenci\u0101lie riski un n\u0101kotnes perspekt\u012bvas<\/p>\n<p>Papildus klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146u pa\u0101trin\u0101\u0161anai, atmodin\u0101to senu mikrobu atdz\u012bvin\u0101\u0161ana rada ar\u012b citas, potenci\u0101li satrauco\u0161as perspekt\u012bvas. Past\u0101v ba\u017eas, ka m\u016b\u017e\u012bgais sasalums var\u0113tu satur\u0113t nezin\u0101mas bakt\u0113rijas un v\u012brusus, no kuriem da\u017ei var\u0113tu b\u016bt rezistent\u012bti pret m\u016bsdienu antibiotik\u0101m vai pat b\u016bt sugas, kas nav redz\u0113tas t\u016bksto\u0161iem gadu. Lai gan \u0161is eksperiments tika veikts stingri kontrol\u0113tos laboratorijas apst\u0101k\u013cos, nekontrol\u0113ta atku\u0161ana dab\u0101 var\u0113tu atbr\u012bvot \u0161os mikrobus vid\u0113 ar neparedzam\u0101m sek\u0101m.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cM\u0113s patie\u0161\u0101m nezin\u0101m, kas tur ir aprakts,\u201d br\u012bdina Birgita Eveng\u0101rda, mikrobiolo\u0123e no Zviedrijas Ume\u00e5 universit\u0101tes. Vi\u0146a uzskata, ka tas ir l\u012bdz\u012bgi k\u0101 atv\u0113rt \u201cPandoras l\u0101di\u201d. Lai gan \u0161obr\u012bd izmantotie mikrobi nav b\u012bstami, vi\u0146u aktivit\u0101tes demonstr\u0113, ka sen\u0101s dz\u012bv\u012bbas formas var\u0113tu s\u0101kt veicin\u0101t oglek\u013ca emisijas, sadalot iesalu\u0161\u0101s organisk\u0101s vielas. Ir svar\u012bgi saprast, ka m\u016b\u017e\u012bg\u0101 sasaluma atku\u0161ana nav tikai klimata jaut\u0101jums, bet ar\u012b jaut\u0101jums par dz\u012bv\u012bbas v\u0113sturi uz Zemes un m\u016bsu pa\u0161u n\u0101kotni.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160ie atkl\u0101jumi ir \u0101rk\u0101rt\u012bgi svar\u012bgi, lai pilnveidotu m\u016bsu izpratni par klimata sist\u0113m\u0101m un prec\u012bz\u0101k prognoz\u0113tu n\u0101kotnes p\u0101rmai\u0146as. Cilv\u0113ces centieniem samazin\u0101t siltumn\u012bcefekta g\u0101zu emisijas ir j\u0101sak\u0146ojas dzi\u013c\u0101k\u0101 izpratn\u0113 par vis\u0101m potenci\u0101laj\u0101m sek\u0101m, ko izraisa glob\u0101l\u0101 sasil\u0161ana, tostarp ar\u012b par t\u0101m, kas sl\u0113pjas t\u016bksto\u0161iem gadu vec\u0101 sasalum\u0101.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Zin\u0101tnieki ir pan\u0101ku\u0161i ko patiesi sensacion\u0101lu un vienlaikus satrauco\u0161u: no A\u013caskas m\u016b\u017e\u012bg\u0101 sasaluma dzi\u013cumiem ir atmodin\u0101ti mikrobi, kas&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":23006,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[23,7204,57,28,29,32,33,22,3761,30,31,35,39,38,36,37,34,40,7202,7201,20,26,27,7203,24,25,54,55,56,21,58],"class_list":{"0":"post-23005","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-zinas-no-arvalstim","8":"tag-aktualitates","9":"tag-arktika","10":"tag-arvalstim","11":"tag-breaking-news","12":"tag-breakingnews","13":"tag-featured-news","14":"tag-featurednews","15":"tag-headlines","16":"tag-klimata-parmainas","17":"tag-latest-news","18":"tag-latestnews","19":"tag-latvia","20":"tag-latvian","21":"tag-latviesu","22":"tag-latviesu-valoda","23":"tag-latviesuvaloda","24":"tag-latvija","25":"tag-lv","26":"tag-mikrobi","27":"tag-muzigais-sasalums","28":"tag-news","29":"tag-popularakas-zinas","30":"tag-popularakaszinas","31":"tag-siltumnicefekta-gazes","32":"tag-top-stories","33":"tag-topstories","34":"tag-world","35":"tag-world-news","36":"tag-worldnews","37":"tag-zinas","38":"tag-zinas-no-arvalstim"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23005","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23005"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23005\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23006"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23005"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23005"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23005"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}