Reiz, kad 3D printeri \u0161\u0137ita k\u0101 no zin\u0101tnisk\u0101s fantastikas, sp\u0113jot rad\u012bt vien nelielus suven\u012brus vai rota\u013clietas, m\u016bsdien\u0101s \u0161\u012b tehnolo\u0123ija ir sp\u0113rusi milzu l\u0113cienu. Tagad ar 3D printeru pal\u012bdz\u012bbu iesp\u0113jams materializ\u0113t pat visdrosm\u012bg\u0101k\u0101s ieceres, tostarp druk\u0101t veselas m\u0101jas. \u0160\u012b inovat\u012bv\u0101 pieeja ne tikai pa\u0101trina un padara b\u016bvniec\u012bbas procesu pieejam\u0101ku, bet ar\u012b atver durvis uz jauniem dizaina risin\u0101jumiem, kas agr\u0101k \u0161\u0137ita neiesp\u0113jami.<\/p>\n
3D drukas att\u012bst\u012bba Latvij\u0101 un pasaul\u0113<\/p>\n
K\u0101 atkl\u0101jis R\u012bgas Tehnisk\u0101s universit\u0101tes (RTU) Arhitekt\u016bras un dizaina instit\u016bta direktora vietnieks inov\u0101ciju jaut\u0101jumos, arhitekts un uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113js Matijs Babris, 3D druka m\u016bsdien\u0101s ir k\u013cuvusi par neat\u0146emamu daudzu uz\u0146\u0113mumu darb\u012bbas sast\u0101vda\u013cu. \u00abT\u0101 vairs nav n\u0101kotne vai zin\u0101tnisk\u0101 fantastika \u2013 tagad tas ir tikpat ierasts k\u0101 parasts printeris m\u0101j\u0101s,\u00bb uzsver Babris, nor\u0101dot, ka pat m\u016bzi\u0137i izmanto \u0161o tehnolo\u0123iju, piem\u0113ram, instrumentu ped\u0101\u013cu izgatavo\u0161an\u0101. Latvij\u0101 ar\u012b akt\u012bvi notiek darbs \u0161aj\u0101 virzien\u0101 \u2013 RTU darbojas Lielm\u0113roga prototip\u0113\u0161anas akad\u0113misk\u0101 grupa, kas p\u0113ta un realiz\u0113 gan prototip\u0113\u0161anu liel\u0101 m\u0113rog\u0101, gan pa\u0161u druk\u0101\u0161anu. Matijs Babris skaidro, ka 3D druk\u0101\u0161anas pamat\u0101 ir kodu kontrol\u0113ts pavediens, kas \u013cauj digit\u0101lam objektam p\u0101rtapt fizisk\u0101 form\u0101. \u0160aj\u0101 proces\u0101 b\u016btiska loma ir gan materi\u0101lzin\u0101tnei, gan datorzin\u0101tn\u0113m.<\/p>\n
No virtu\u0101l\u0101 uz re\u0101lo: k\u0101 notiek 3D druka?<\/p>\n
B\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 3D druka ir materi\u0101la pievieno\u0161anas process, kur\u0101 objekts tiek veidots sl\u0101nis pa sl\u0101nim, balstoties uz digit\u0101lu modeli. \u0160\u012b pieeja ir pretstat\u0101 tradicion\u0101laj\u0101m subtrakt\u012bvaj\u0101m ra\u017eo\u0161anas metod\u0113m, kur\u0101s materi\u0101ls tiek no\u0146emts no liel\u0101ka gabala. \u0160\u0101da sl\u0101\u0146u veido\u0161ana \u013cauj pan\u0101kt augstu precizit\u0101ti un rad\u012bt sare\u017e\u0123\u012btas formas, kas cit\u0101di b\u016btu gr\u016bti sasniedzamas. Da\u017e\u0101das 3D drukas tehnolo\u0123ijas, piem\u0113ram, kaus\u0113t\u0101 nogulsn\u0113\u0161an\u0101s model\u0113\u0161ana (FDM), stereolitogr\u0101fija (SLA), selekt\u012bv\u0101 l\u0101zera sa\u0137epin\u0101\u0161ana (SLS) un digit\u0101l\u0101 gaismas apstr\u0101de (DLP), pied\u0101v\u0101 da\u017e\u0101das iesp\u0113jas atkar\u012bb\u0101 no v\u0113lam\u0101 gala produkta \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m un izmantojamajiem materi\u0101liem.<\/p>\n
Revol\u016bcija b\u016bvniec\u012bb\u0101: 3D druk\u0101t\u0101s m\u0101jas<\/p>\n
Viens no iespaid\u012bg\u0101kajiem 3D drukas pielietojumiem ir pilna izm\u0113ra m\u0101ju b\u016bvniec\u012bba. Jau 2021. gad\u0101 tika izdruk\u0101ta pirm\u0101 pilna izm\u0113ra dz\u012bvojam\u0101 m\u0101ja, un kop\u0161 t\u0101 laika tehnolo\u0123ija ir strauji att\u012bst\u012bjusies. Piem\u0113ram, Teksas\u0101 tiek veidota pasaul\u0113 liel\u0101k\u0101 3D druk\u0101to m\u0101ju apkaime \u201cVolfa Ran\u010da\u201d, izmantojot milzu printeri, kas sp\u0113j b\u016bv\u0113t dz\u012bvojam\u0101s m\u0101jas sl\u0101\u0146u kl\u0101\u0161anas metod\u0113. \u0160\u0101ds b\u016bvniec\u012bbas veids \u013cauj rad\u012bt m\u0101jas \u0101tr\u0101k, l\u0113t\u0101k un ar maz\u0101ku darbasp\u0113ku, vienlaikus samazinot materi\u0101lu iz\u0161\u0137\u0113rd\u0113\u0161anu. Viena vienst\u0101vu m\u0101ja ar tr\u012bs vai \u010detr\u0101m gu\u013camistab\u0101m tiek pabeigta aptuveni tr\u012bs ned\u0113\u013cu laik\u0101, izmantojot betona mais\u012bjumu. \u0160\u012bs m\u0101jas izce\u013cas ar labu siltumizol\u0101ciju, \u016bdensnecaurlaid\u012bbu un iztur\u012bbu pret ekstrem\u0101liem laikapst\u0101k\u013ciem. Interesanti, ka 3D druk\u0101t\u0101s sienas var veidot ar\u012b da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s l\u012bkn\u0113s un savijumos, pied\u0101v\u0101jot jaunas arhitekt\u016bras dizaina iesp\u0113jas, kas tradicion\u0101laj\u0101 b\u016bvniec\u012bb\u0101 b\u016btu \u013coti d\u0101rgas vai pat neiesp\u0113jamas.<\/p>\n
Pielietojuma pla\u0161ums: no medic\u012bnas l\u012bdz kosmosa izp\u0113tei<\/p>\n
3D drukas iesp\u0113jas neaprobe\u017eojas tikai ar b\u016bvniec\u012bbu. \u0160\u012b tehnolo\u0123ija jau sen ir atradusi savu vietu medic\u012bn\u0101, kur ar t\u0101s pal\u012bdz\u012bbu tiek rad\u012bti prec\u012bzi org\u0101nu, kaulu un audu mode\u013ci pirmsoper\u0101cijas pl\u0101no\u0161anai, k\u0101 ar\u012b personaliz\u0113tas prot\u0113zes un implanti. T\u0101pat 3D druka ir main\u012bjusi juvelierizstr\u0101d\u0101jumu nozares, \u013caujot veidot sare\u017e\u0123\u012btus un smalkus dizainus. Pat avi\u0101cijas un kosmosa nozare g\u016bst labumu no 3D drukas priek\u0161roc\u012bb\u0101m, izgatavojot viegl\u0101kas un iztur\u012bg\u0101kas deta\u013cas. Nesen pat ir rad\u012btas ieceres par 3D druk\u0101tu b\u0101zes projektu uz M\u0113ness, izmantojot viet\u0113jos materi\u0101lus. Tiek prognoz\u0113ts, ka l\u012bdz 2025. gadam pasaules 3D drukas tirgus sasniegs 26 miljardus ASV dol\u0101ru, nor\u0101dot uz \u0161\u012bs tehnolo\u0123ijas straujo izaugsmi un nep\u0101rtrauktu att\u012bst\u012bbu.<\/p>\n
N\u0101kotnes v\u012bzijas un izaicin\u0101jumi<\/p>\n
N\u0101kotn\u0113 3D drukas tehnolo\u0123ija att\u012bst\u012bsies arvien augst\u0101kas precizit\u0101tes, efektivit\u0101tes un pla\u0161\u0101kas pielietojuma jomu virzien\u0101. Paredzams, ka arvien vair\u0101k tiks izmantoti progres\u012bvi drukas materi\u0101li, piem\u0113ram, biomateri\u0101li, met\u0101li un keramika. T\u0101pat tiek prognoz\u0113ts, ka, apvienojot 3D druku ar m\u0101ksl\u012bgo intelektu un lielajiem datiem, t\u0101 k\u013c\u016bs v\u0113l vied\u0101ka un automatiz\u0113t\u0101ka. Lai gan 3D drukas tehnolo\u0123ijas sniedz milz\u012bgas iesp\u0113jas, past\u0101v ar\u012b izaicin\u0101jumi, piem\u0113ram, saist\u012bb\u0101 ar programmat\u016bras un aparat\u016bras pieejam\u012bbu, k\u0101 ar\u012b nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbu p\u0113c speci\u0101l\u0101m zin\u0101\u0161an\u0101m. Tom\u0113r kopum\u0101 3D druka ir neap\u0161aub\u0101mi viena no visdinamisk\u0101kaj\u0101m un perspekt\u012bv\u0101kaj\u0101m tehnolo\u0123ij\u0101m, kas turpina p\u0101rveidot m\u016bsu pasauli.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Reiz, kad 3D printeri \u0161\u0137ita k\u0101 no zin\u0101tnisk\u0101s fantastikas, sp\u0113jot rad\u012bt vien nelielus suven\u012brus vai rota\u013clietas, m\u016bsdien\u0101s \u0161\u012b…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":32080,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[9618,9619,23,9622,28,29,9620,32,33,22,30,31,35,39,38,36,37,34,40,9621,20,26,27,24,25,21],"class_list":{"0":"post-32079","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-aktualitates","8":"tag-3d-druka","9":"tag-3d-drukatas-majas","10":"tag-aktualitates","11":"tag-arhitekturas-dizains","12":"tag-breaking-news","13":"tag-breakingnews","14":"tag-buvniecibas-inovacijas","15":"tag-featured-news","16":"tag-featurednews","17":"tag-headlines","18":"tag-latest-news","19":"tag-latestnews","20":"tag-latvia","21":"tag-latvian","22":"tag-latviesu","23":"tag-latviesu-valoda","24":"tag-latviesuvaloda","25":"tag-latvija","26":"tag-lv","27":"tag-materialzinatne","28":"tag-news","29":"tag-popularakas-zinas","30":"tag-popularakaszinas","31":"tag-top-stories","32":"tag-topstories","33":"tag-zinas"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@lv\/115444525483380308","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32079","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32079"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32079\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32080"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32079"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32079"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}