{"id":38056,"date":"2025-11-02T20:03:11","date_gmt":"2025-11-02T20:03:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/38056\/"},"modified":"2025-11-02T20:03:11","modified_gmt":"2025-11-02T20:03:11","slug":"tris-lielakas-cukura-razotajas-pasaule-brazilija-indija-kina","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/38056\/","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u012bs liel\u0101k\u0101s cukura ra\u017eot\u0101jas pasaul\u0113: Braz\u012blija, Indija, \u0136\u012bna"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cukurs ir viens no svar\u012bg\u0101kajiem p\u0101rtikas produktiem pasaul\u0113, un ir valstis, kas pieg\u0101d\u0101 visvair\u0101k cukura. Cukurs, protams, tiek ieg\u016bts no visda\u017e\u0101d\u0101kajiem kult\u016braugiem, bet, run\u0101jot par da\u017e\u0101du cukura veidu, ko izmantojam \u0113diena gatavo\u0161an\u0101 un cep\u0161an\u0101, komerci\u0101lo ra\u017eo\u0161anu, domin\u0113 divi.<\/p>\n

Ir klasisk\u0101s cukurniedres, ko liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca cilv\u0113ku iedom\u0101jas, dom\u0101jot par balto cukuru<\/a>, un ir ar\u012b cukurbietes. Abas kult\u016bras aug da\u017e\u0101dos klimatiskajos apst\u0101k\u013cos, kas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka cukurs tiek ra\u017eots visur, bet valstis, kas visvair\u0101k domin\u0113 cukura ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101, parasti ir cukurniedru ra\u017eot\u0101ji no karst\u0101kajiem pasaules re\u0123ioniem, inform\u0113 tastingtable.com.<\/p>\n

Visi tr\u012bs liel\u0101kie cukura pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji atbilst \u0161im krit\u0113rijam, un Braz\u012blija, Indija un \u0136\u012bna ir pasaul\u0113 liel\u0101k\u0101s cukura ra\u017eot\u0101jas valstis, lai gan Eiropas Savien\u012bba kopum\u0101 faktiski ra\u017eo vair\u0101k nek\u0101 \u0136\u012bna.<\/p>\n

\"\"\/ <\/p>\n

Foto: pixabay.com<\/p>\n

Braz\u012blija un Indija ir patiesi domin\u0113jo\u0161\u0101s valstis cukura ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101, Braz\u012blijai sara\u017eojot 24% no pasaules cukura pieg\u0101des, bet Indijai – 14%. \u0136\u012bn\u0101 ir tikai 6%, kas tik tikko apsteidz ceturto vietu ie\u0146emo\u0161o Taizemi un piekto vietu ie\u0146emo\u0161o Amerikas Savienoto Valstu da\u013cu (p\u0113c ASV Lauksaimniec\u012bbas departamenta datiem), kas ra\u017eo gan cukurniedres dienvidu \u0161tatos, piem\u0113ram, Luizi\u0101n\u0101, gan cukurbietes zieme\u013cu \u0161tatos, piem\u0113ram, Minesot\u0101.<\/p>\n

Lai gan klimatam ir liela noz\u012bme taj\u0101, kuri ir galvenie cukura ra\u017eot\u0101ji, liel\u0101ka da\u013ca, nek\u0101 var\u0113tu dom\u0101t, n\u0101k no vald\u012bbas programm\u0101m, un ne tikai no sald\u0101 cukura, kas paredz\u0113ts \u0113\u0161anai.<\/p>\n

Braz\u012blija \"\"\/ <\/p>\n

Cukurniedres \/ Foto: pixabay.com<\/p>\n

Labs klimats un vald\u012bbas programma ir padar\u012bju\u0161i Braz\u012bliju par pasaules liel\u0101ko cukura ra\u017eot\u0101ju<\/p>\n

Cukurniedres, ko izmanto liel\u0101k\u0101s da\u013cas cukura ra\u017eo\u0161anai, ir tropu z\u0101le, un to audz\u0113\u0161anai nepiecie\u0161ams liels \u016bdens daudzums. T\u0101s var izdz\u012bvot tikai klimat\u0101, kur vid\u0113j\u0101 gada temperat\u016bra ir virs 240 C, t\u0101p\u0113c t\u0101s j\u0101audz\u0113 tropisk\u0101s viet\u0101s, kas ir gan karstas, gan mitras. Ar milz\u012bgiem tropu zemes plat\u012bb\u0101m un modernu ekonomiku ar att\u012bst\u012bt\u0101ku infrastrukt\u016bru Braz\u012blija b\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 ir ide\u0101la.<\/p>\n

Cukurniedru ra\u017eo\u0161ana Braz\u012blij\u0101 aizs\u0101k\u0101s 16. gadsimt\u0101, kad portug\u0101\u013ci t\u0101s ieveda agr\u012bn\u0101s koloniz\u0101cijas period\u0101. Taj\u0101 laikmet\u0101 cukurs bija tikpat v\u0113rt\u012bgs k\u0101 zelts, un cukurniedru plant\u0101cijas tika izmantotas k\u0101 ekonomisks stimuls, lai cilv\u0113ki apmestos Braz\u012blij\u0101. Cukurniedru plant\u0101ciju pan\u0101kumi ne tikai nodro\u0161in\u0101ja koloniju labkl\u0101j\u012bbu, padar\u012bja cukurniedres par svar\u012bgu Braz\u012blijas virtuves sast\u0101vda\u013cu, bet ar\u012b noveda pie \u0100frikas vergu ieve\u0161anas, jo piespiedu darbs bija vien\u012bg\u0101 iesp\u0113ja ne\u017e\u0113l\u012bgajos tropisko plant\u0101ciju darba apst\u0101k\u013cos.<\/p>\n

Braz\u012blija pak\u0101peniski zaud\u0113ja savu vado\u0161\u0101s cukura ra\u017eot\u0101ja poz\u012bciju l\u012bdz pat 20. gadsimta beig\u0101m. P\u0113c tam, 1970. gad\u0101, Braz\u012blijas vald\u012bba izveidoja programmu etanola ra\u017eo\u0161anas subsid\u0113\u0161anai, ko Braz\u012blij\u0101 ra\u017eo no cukurniedr\u0113m. P\u0113c 1973. gada naftas kr\u012bzes etanola ra\u017eo\u0161ana strauji pieauga, un \u0161\u012b finansi\u0101l\u0101 aizsardz\u012bba ar\u012b pal\u012bdz\u0113ja cukura ra\u017eo\u0161anai no cukurniedr\u0113m atkal strauji pieaugt. Apvienojum\u0101 ar klimatu \u0161\u012b vald\u012bbas programma ir atsl\u0113ga, lai Braz\u012blija b\u016btu cukura lielvalsts.<\/p>\n

\"\"\/ <\/p>\n

Foto: freepik.com<\/p>\n

Indija <\/p>\n

Indija gadu desmitiem ir izaicin\u0101jusi Braz\u012bliju k\u0101 vado\u0161o cukura ra\u017eot\u0101ju.<\/p>\n

Indija cukuru ra\u017eo ilg\u0101k nek\u0101 Braz\u012blija, un pier\u0101d\u012bjumi par cukura rafin\u0113\u0161anu ir atrodami jau 4. gadsimt\u0101, ta\u010du tikai 20. gadsimt\u0101 par\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s m\u016bsdienu r\u016bpniecisk\u0101 cukura ra\u017eo\u0161ana. R\u016bpniecisk\u0101 ra\u017eo\u0161ana s\u0101k\u0101s 20. gadsimta 30. gados, kad tika ieviesta vald\u012bbas aizsardz\u012bba, un 20. gadsimta 50. gados cukura dzirnavas k\u013cuva par neat\u0146emamu vald\u012bbas pl\u0101na sast\u0101vda\u013cu, lai att\u012bst\u012btu valsts lauku apvidus.<\/p>\n

T\u0101pat k\u0101 Braz\u012blij\u0101, Indijas cukura ra\u017eo\u0161anas re\u0123ionos ir silti un musonu d\u0113\u013c ir daudz nokri\u0161\u0146u. Tom\u0113r klimata apst\u0101k\u013ci ir sezon\u0101l\u0101ki un maz\u0101k paredzami, t\u0101p\u0113c Indijas cukura audz\u0113t\u0101ji ir maz\u0101k produkt\u012bvi nek\u0101 cit\u0101s valst\u012bs, un ir nepiecie\u0161ama infrastrukt\u016bra, piem\u0113ram, ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161ana, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu, ka kult\u016braugi visu gadu sa\u0146em nepiecie\u0161amo \u016bdeni.<\/p>\n

Indijai ir v\u0113l viens liels faktors, kas atbalsta t\u0101s cukura r\u016bpniec\u012bbu. Lai gan valsts nepat\u0113r\u0113 visvair\u0101k cukura pasaul\u0113 uz vienu iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju, t\u0101 kopum\u0101 ir liel\u0101k\u0101 cukura pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101ja. Indija izmanto da\u017e\u0101dus saldin\u0101t\u0101jus, tostarp nerafin\u0113tus produktus, kas ra\u017eoti no niedru cukura, piem\u0113ram, d\u017eageriju un khandsari.<\/p>\n

Ar tik lielu iek\u0161zemes tirgu Indijas cukura pat\u0113ri\u0146\u0161 bie\u017ei vien p\u0101rsniedz t\u0101s ra\u017eo\u0161anu, lai gan, pieaugot produktivit\u0101tei, Indija joproj\u0101m cer uz visiem laikiem apsteigt Braz\u012bliju k\u0101 pasaul\u0113 liel\u0101ko cukura ra\u017eot\u0101ju.<\/p>\n

\"\"\/ <\/p>\n

Cukurbietes \/ Foto: pixabay.com<\/p>\n

\u0136\u012bna <\/p>\n

\u0136\u012bna ir att\u012bst\u012bjusi savu cukura r\u016bpniec\u012bbu, lai apmierin\u0101tu lielo piepras\u012bjumu.<\/p>\n

T\u0101pat k\u0101 Indija, ar\u012b \u0136\u012bnai ir sena cukurniedru audz\u0113\u0161anas v\u0113sture. Savva\u013cas auga \u0161\u0137irnes aug vis\u0101 valsts dienvidos, un cukura s\u012brups tiek p\u0101rstr\u0101d\u0101ts kop\u0161 4. gadsimta pirms m\u016bsu \u0113ras. Ar\u012b cukurbietes tiek audz\u0113tas zieme\u013cos, bet dienvidos cukurniedres ir domin\u0113jo\u0161ais cukura avots, kas veido 90% no \u0136\u012bnas produkcijas.<\/p>\n

Cukurniedru plant\u0101cijas ir \u013coti koncentr\u0113tas karstaj\u0101s un mitraj\u0101s provinc\u0113s t\u0101lajos dienvidos, un Guangxi, kas atrodas uz rietumiem no Honkongas un robe\u017eojas ar Vjetnamu, nodro\u0161ina vair\u0101k nek\u0101 65% no visa \u0136\u012bnas cukura. \u0136\u012bna jau gadiem ilgi ir tre\u0161\u0101 liel\u0101k\u0101 ra\u017eot\u0101ja; tom\u0113r Taizeme to ir izaicin\u0101jusi, un jaun\u0101kajos m\u0113r\u012bjumos t\u0101 atpalika tikai par aptuveni 10% no \u0136\u012bnas.<\/p>\n

\u0136\u012bna nav liela cukura pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101ja uz vienu iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju, pat\u0113r\u0113jot tikai pusi no t\u0101, ko pat\u0113r\u0113 Indijas iedz\u012bvot\u0101ji, un maz\u0101k nek\u0101 vienu sesto da\u013cu no amerik\u0101\u0146u, kas ir liel\u0101kie cukura pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101ji pasaul\u0113, pat\u0113ri\u0146a.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Tom\u0113r pieaugo\u0161ie ien\u0101kumi noz\u012bm\u0113, ka cukura pat\u0113ri\u0146\u0161 ir pieaudzis, un valsts lielums joproj\u0101m padara to par milz\u012bgu cukura tirgu. \u0136\u012bnas vald\u012bba ir izveidojusi programmas, lai veicin\u0101tu cukurniedru ra\u017eo\u0161anu, ta\u010du viet\u0113jais pied\u0101v\u0101jums nav sp\u0113jis apmierin\u0101t piepras\u012bjumu.<\/p>\n

T\u0101s kaimi\u0146valsts Taizeme ir noz\u012bm\u012bga cukura eksport\u0113t\u0101ja un pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja \u0136\u012bnai, un roku darbs, kas nepiecie\u0161ams cukura ra\u017eo\u0161anai \u0136\u012bn\u0101, ir k\u013cuvis d\u0101rg\u0101ks. T\u0101p\u0113c, neskatoties uz lielo cukura ra\u017eo\u0161anu, \u0136\u012bna joproj\u0101m ir noz\u012bm\u012bga import\u0113t\u0101ja.<\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t\t\tinfo<\/p>\n

Uzzini pirmais
kas interesants noticis Latvij\u0101 un pasaul\u0113,
pievienojoties mums Telegram<\/a> vai Whatsapp<\/a> kan\u0101l\u0101<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Cukurs ir viens no svar\u012bg\u0101kajiem p\u0101rtikas produktiem pasaul\u0113, un ir valstis, kas pieg\u0101d\u0101 visvair\u0101k cukura. Cukurs, protams, tiek…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":38057,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[23,57,28,29,32,33,22,30,31,35,39,38,36,37,34,40,20,26,27,24,25,54,55,56,21,58],"class_list":{"0":"post-38056","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-zinas-no-arvalstim","8":"tag-aktualitates","9":"tag-arvalstim","10":"tag-breaking-news","11":"tag-breakingnews","12":"tag-featured-news","13":"tag-featurednews","14":"tag-headlines","15":"tag-latest-news","16":"tag-latestnews","17":"tag-latvia","18":"tag-latvian","19":"tag-latviesu","20":"tag-latviesu-valoda","21":"tag-latviesuvaloda","22":"tag-latvija","23":"tag-lv","24":"tag-news","25":"tag-popularakas-zinas","26":"tag-popularakaszinas","27":"tag-top-stories","28":"tag-topstories","29":"tag-world","30":"tag-world-news","31":"tag-worldnews","32":"tag-zinas","33":"tag-zinas-no-arvalstim"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@lv\/115481896779895214","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38056","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38056"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38056\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38057"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38056"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38056"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38056"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}