U. fon der Leienas repar\u0101ciju aizdevuma Ukrainai meh\u0101nismi un pretest\u012bba<\/p>\n
Eiropas Komisijas prezidente Urzula fon der Leiena ir n\u0101vusi skaidr\u012bbu par savu v\u0113rien\u012bgo pl\u0101nu \u2013 repar\u0101ciju aizdevumu Ukrainai. \u0160is bezprecedenta pas\u0101kums paredz izmantot iesald\u0113tos Krievijas Centr\u0101l\u0101s bankas akt\u012bvus, lai izveidotu nulles procentu aizdevumu, kas nodro\u0161in\u0101tu Ukrainas finansi\u0101l\u0101s un milit\u0101r\u0101s vajadz\u012bbas tuv\u0101kajiem gadiem. Pats aizdevums b\u016btu atmaks\u0101jams vien\u012bgi p\u0113c tam, kad Maskava izbeigtu karu un piekristu kompens\u0113t nodar\u012btos zaud\u0113jumus \u2013 \u0161obr\u012bd \u0161\u0137iet gandr\u012bz neiesp\u0113jama perspekt\u012bva. Lai gan \u0161\u012b iecere iepriek\u0161 skan\u0113jusi da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s run\u0101s un dokumentos, radot vair\u0101k jaut\u0101jumu nek\u0101 atbil\u017eu, fon der Leiena ir ofici\u0101li prezent\u0113jusi nepiecie\u0161amos juridiskos tekstus, lai \u0161o drosm\u012bgo ideju p\u0101rv\u0113rstu realit\u0101t\u0113. Vi\u0146a uzsv\u0113ra, ka ES nesp\u0113j piel\u012bdzin\u0101t ukrai\u0146u tautas upurus, ta\u010du var vairot t\u0101s iztur\u012bbu un atbalst\u012bt ar l\u012bdzek\u013ciem sevis aizst\u0101v\u012bbai un miera sarunu vad\u012b\u0161anai no sp\u0113ka poz\u012bcij\u0101m, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di palielinot spiedienu uz Kremli.<\/p>\n
Be\u013c\u0123ijas ba\u017eas un aizsardz\u012bbas meh\u0101nismi<\/p>\n
Aizdevuma izpratne nav iesp\u0113jama bez Be\u013c\u0123ijas. \u0160\u012b valsts, pateicoties centr\u0101lajam v\u0113rtspap\u012bru depozit\u0101rijam Euroclear Brisel\u0113, glab\u0101 iev\u0113rojamu da\u013cu no Krievijas suver\u0113najiem akt\u012bviem \u2013 aptuveni 185 miljardus eiro. Be\u013c\u0123ija kop\u0161 diskusiju s\u0101kuma septembr\u012b nep\u0101rprotami piepras\u012bjusi maksim\u0101lu juridisko dro\u0161\u012bbu un solidarit\u0101ti starp dal\u012bbvalst\u012bm, lai pasarg\u0101tu sevi no potenci\u0101l\u0101m Maskavas repres\u012bv\u0101m darb\u012bb\u0101m. \u0160\u012bs ba\u017eas atspogu\u013cojas premjerministra Barta DeV\u0113vera kritiskaj\u0101 v\u0113stul\u0113 fon der Leienai, kur\u0101 aizdevums tika nod\u0113v\u0113ts par “fundament\u0101li nepareizu” un pilnu ar “daudzveid\u012bgiem draudiem”.<\/p>\n
Fon der Leienas komanda, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 Be\u013c\u0123ijas iebildumus, ir izstr\u0101d\u0101jusi visaptvero\u0161us garantiju meh\u0101nismus. Pl\u0101nots s\u0101kotn\u0113ji nodro\u0161in\u0101t 105 miljardus eiro garantijas, lai segtu 90 miljardus eiro, kas ES pl\u0101no pie\u0161\u0137irt Ukrainai n\u0101kamo divu gadu laik\u0101. P\u0113c \u0161\u012b perioda var\u0113tu tikt nodro\u0161in\u0101tas v\u0113l 105 miljardu eiro garantijas, ja vien ES n\u0101kamais bud\u017eets, kas st\u0101sies sp\u0113k\u0101 2028. gad\u0101, nep\u0101r\u0146ems \u0161o atbild\u012bbu. Garantiju sadale starp dal\u012bbvalst\u012bm notiks proporcion\u0101li to ekonomiskajam lielumam, un taj\u0101s tiks iek\u013cauts “iek\u0161\u0113jais likvidit\u0101tes meh\u0101nisms”, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu, ka Euroclear r\u012bc\u012bb\u0101 ir pietiekami l\u012bdzek\u013ci, lai atmaks\u0101tu Krievijas Centr\u0101lajai bankai, ja sankcijas tiktu atceltas pirms Maskavas kompens\u0101cijas. Ja k\u0101da dal\u012bbvalsts nesp\u0113s pild\u012bt savas finansi\u0101l\u0101s saist\u012bbas, Eiropas Komisija iejauksies un aizdos nepiecie\u0161amos l\u012bdzek\u013cus. “Jebkur\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 nauda b\u016bs pieejama, lai ES izpild\u012btu savas saist\u012bbas” pret Euroclear, nor\u0101d\u012bja k\u0101ds augsta ranga Komisijas amatpersona. Garantijas tiks aktiviz\u0113tas ar\u012b gad\u012bjum\u0101, ja k\u0101da tiesas pr\u0101va iz\u0161\u0137irsies Maskavas lab\u0101 un piespied\u012bs Be\u013c\u0123iju vai ES kopum\u0101 maks\u0101t zaud\u0113jumus.<\/p>\n
Papildu aizsardz\u012bbas l\u012bnijas un juridiski risin\u0101jumi<\/p>\n
Komisija ir p\u0101rliecin\u0101ta, ka \u0161\u012bs garantijas neb\u016bs nepiecie\u0161amas. Saska\u0146\u0101 ar pa\u0161reiz\u0113jiem noteikumiem, tiesu nol\u0113mumi pret dal\u012bbvalst\u012bm ES teritorij\u0101 saist\u012bb\u0101 ar sankcij\u0101m tiek autom\u0101tiski anul\u0113ti, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di samazinot Krievijas izredzes uz pan\u0101kumiem tiesu liet\u0101s bloka ietvaros. Turkl\u0101t t\u0101das instit\u016bcijas k\u0101 Euroclear var\u0113tu v\u0113rsties pie iesald\u0113tajiem akt\u012bviem, lai kompens\u0113tu zaud\u0113jumus \u0101rpus ES. DeV\u0113vers br\u012bdin\u0101ja par iesp\u0113jamu Krievijas atrieb\u012bbu, konfisc\u0113jot Eiropas akt\u012bvus “Krievijai draudz\u012bg\u0101s jurisdikcij\u0101s”. Lai nov\u0113rstu \u0161\u0101du scen\u0101riju, ES ierosina izveidot jaunu sankciju re\u017e\u012bmu pret person\u0101m un strukt\u016br\u0101m, kas atbalsta \u0161\u0101du konfisk\u0101ciju. Papildu aizsardz\u012bbas l\u012bdzeklis ir iecer\u0113tais pas\u0101kums, kas aizliegs suver\u0113no akt\u012bvu atgrie\u0161anu Krievijai, pamatojoties uz ES l\u012bgumu 122. pantu, kas prasa tikai kvalific\u0113tu vair\u0101kumu. \u0160is solis ne\u013caus p\u0113k\u0161\u0146i atcelt sankcijas, kas pa\u0161laik balst\u012btas uz vienpr\u0101t\u012bbu un ir pak\u013cautas individu\u0101liem veto. Lai gan 122. panta izmanto\u0161ana \u0101rpolitikas jom\u0101 ir nebiju\u0161as, Komisija argument\u0113, ka Krievijas kar\u0161 ir izrais\u012bjis ekonomiskas gr\u016bt\u012bbas vis\u0101 blok\u0101, attaisnojot \u0161\u012b panta piem\u0113ro\u0161anu.<\/p>\n
Neatkl\u0101tie l\u012bdzek\u013ci un c\u012b\u0146a pret korupciju<\/p>\n
Be\u013c\u0123ija piepras\u012bjusi ar\u012b solidarit\u0101ti attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz p\u0101r\u0113jiem Krievijas akt\u012bviem, kas atrodas cit\u0101s dal\u012bbvalst\u012bs, ne tikai Euroclear. Fon der Leiena ap\u0146\u0113musies iek\u013caut visus 210 miljardus eiro Krievijas suver\u0113no akt\u012bvu repar\u0101ciju aizdevum\u0101. \u0160ie l\u012bdzek\u013ci atrodas ar\u012b priv\u0101t\u0101s bank\u0101s Francij\u0101, Zviedrij\u0101, V\u0101cij\u0101, Kipr\u0101 un, ironiski, ar\u012b Be\u013c\u0123ij\u0101. Lai gan v\u0113l nav skaidrs, k\u0101 Komisija sp\u0113s apiet banku priv\u0101tuma principus, lai atblo\u0137\u0113tu visus l\u012bdzek\u013cus, no kop\u0113j\u0101s summas 90 miljardi eiro tiks novirz\u012bti Ukrainai tuv\u0101ko divu gadu laik\u0101. Atliku\u0161ie 45 miljardi eiro tiks novirz\u012bti G7 valstu kred\u012btl\u012bnijai, kas balst\u0101s uz Krievijas akt\u012bvu pe\u013c\u0146u. Fon der Leiena aicin\u0101jusi ar\u012b citas G7 valstis, piem\u0113ram, Kan\u0101du, Lielbrit\u0101niju un Jap\u0101nu, sekot \u0161im piem\u0113ram. <\/p>\n
Aizdevuma debates sakr\u012bt ar korupcijas skand\u0101lu Ukrainas ener\u0123\u0113tikas sektor\u0101. Komisija pl\u0101no iek\u013caut aizdevum\u0101 “neatsaucam\u012bbas” klauzulu, kas finansi\u0101lo pal\u012bdz\u012bbu piesaist\u012bs pret Ukrainas \u012bstenotajiem pretkorupcijas pas\u0101kumiem, kas nepiecie\u0161ami t\u0101s ES kandid\u0101tvalsts statusa virz\u012bbai. Ja Kijiva atk\u0101psies no c\u012b\u0146as pret korupciju, maks\u0101jumi tiks aptur\u0113ti. Paredz\u0113ti ar\u012b dro\u0161\u012bbas pas\u0101kumi, lai stiprin\u0101tu uzraudz\u012bbu p\u0101r aizsardz\u012bbas l\u012bgumu pie\u0161\u0137ir\u0161anu.<\/p>\n
“Ra\u017eots Eirop\u0101” krit\u0113rijs un alternat\u012bvais pl\u0101ns<\/p>\n
Repar\u0101ciju aizdevums tiks sadal\u012bts finansi\u0101laj\u0101 un milit\u0101raj\u0101 atbalst\u0101. Milit\u0101rais atbalsts tiks pak\u013cauts “Ra\u017eots Eirop\u0101” krit\u0113rijiem, dodot priek\u0161roku iero\u010diem un mun\u012bcijai, kas ra\u017eota Ukrain\u0101, ES vai asoci\u0113taj\u0101s valst\u012bs (\u012asland\u0113, Norv\u0113\u0123ij\u0101, Lihten\u0161tein\u0101 un \u0160veic\u0113). “Ja mums b\u016bs steidzamas vajadz\u012bbas, ko nevar\u0113s nodro\u0161in\u0101t Ukraina vai Eiropas Savien\u012bba, tad m\u0113s at\u013causim ieg\u0101d\u0101ties \u0101rpus\u0113,” nor\u0101d\u012bja fon der Leiena. \u0160is nosac\u012bjums saska\u0146ojas ar Francijas ilggad\u0113jo nost\u0101ju par strat\u0113\u0123isko autonomiju un r\u016bp\u0113m par industri\u0101lo stagn\u0101ciju.<\/p>\n
Ja Be\u013c\u0123ija turpin\u0101s iebilst, fon der Leienai ir rezerves pl\u0101ns: Eiropas Komisija kop\u012bgi uz\u0146emsies 90 miljardus eiro lielu par\u0101du tirg\u016b, apejot Krievijas akt\u012bvu jaut\u0101jumu. \u0160aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 dal\u012bbvalst\u012bm pa\u0161\u0101m b\u016bs j\u0101sedz procentu maks\u0101jumi, kas rad\u012bs t\u016bl\u012bt\u0113ju fisk\u0101lu ietekmi. Turkl\u0101t kop\u012bga aiz\u0146em\u0161an\u0101s par labu tre\u0161ajai valstij nav at\u013cauta ar pa\u0161reiz\u0113jiem noteikumiem un pras\u012btu vienpr\u0101t\u012bgu bud\u017eeta groz\u012bjumu apstiprin\u0101jumu, kas, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 Ung\u0101rijas pretest\u012bbu, ir \u013coti sare\u017e\u0123\u012bti. Tom\u0113r iesp\u0113jama ir ar\u012b abu variantu \u2013 gan repar\u0101ciju aizdevuma, gan kop\u012bg\u0101 par\u0101da \u2013 vienlaic\u012bga izmanto\u0161ana nepiecie\u0161am\u0101s summas nodro\u0161in\u0101\u0161anai. Neatkar\u012bgi no izv\u0113l\u0113t\u0101 varianta, Ukrainas vajadz\u012bbas paliks kritiski augstas.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"U. fon der Leienas repar\u0101ciju aizdevuma Ukrainai meh\u0101nismi un pretest\u012bba Eiropas Komisijas prezidente Urzula fon der Leiena ir…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":67572,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[23,57,17325,28,29,514,32,33,22,11185,30,31,35,39,38,36,37,34,40,20,26,27,17324,24,25,5507,54,55,56,21,58],"class_list":{"0":"post-67571","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-zinas-no-arvalstim","8":"tag-aktualitates","9":"tag-arvalstim","10":"tag-belgijas-pretestiba","11":"tag-breaking-news","12":"tag-breakingnews","13":"tag-eiropas-savieniba","14":"tag-featured-news","15":"tag-featurednews","16":"tag-headlines","17":"tag-krievijas-iesaldetie-aktivi","18":"tag-latest-news","19":"tag-latestnews","20":"tag-latvia","21":"tag-latvian","22":"tag-latviesu","23":"tag-latviesu-valoda","24":"tag-latviesuvaloda","25":"tag-latvija","26":"tag-lv","27":"tag-news","28":"tag-popularakas-zinas","29":"tag-popularakaszinas","30":"tag-reparaciju-aizdevums-ukrainai","31":"tag-top-stories","32":"tag-topstories","33":"tag-urzula-fon-der-leiena","34":"tag-world","35":"tag-world-news","36":"tag-worldnews","37":"tag-zinas","38":"tag-zinas-no-arvalstim"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@lv\/115676526897963874","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67571","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67571"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67571\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/67572"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67571"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67571"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67571"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}