Atkl\u0101jums, kas main\u012bs pasauli: Kolos\u0101ls litija kr\u0101jums ASV<\/p>\n
Dzi\u013ci zem sena vulk\u0101na kr\u0101tera, uz robe\u017eas starp Nevadas un Oregonas \u0161tatiem, ir atkl\u0101ts l\u012bdz \u0161im liel\u0101kais zin\u0101mais pasaules litija kr\u0101jums. Apr\u0113\u0137in\u0101ts, ka tas var\u0113tu sniegt aptuveni 40 miljonus metrisko tonnu \u0161\u012b v\u0113rt\u012bg\u0101 met\u0101la, kas ir absol\u016bti rekords un, p\u0113c zin\u0101tnieku dom\u0101m, sp\u0113j b\u016btiski ietekm\u0113t glob\u0101lo akumulatoru tirgu turpm\u0101kaj\u0101s desmitgad\u0113s. \u0160is atkl\u0101jums ir patiesi satrauco\u0161s un, iesp\u0113jams, main\u012bs ener\u0123\u0113tikas n\u0101kotni.<\/p>\n
McDermit k\u013c\u016bst par litija centru<\/p>\n
Jaun\u0101kais p\u0113t\u012bjums, kas public\u0113ts presti\u017eaj\u0101 \u017eurn\u0101l\u0101 “Science Advances”, nor\u0101da, ka McDermit k\u0101rteris paties\u012bb\u0101 var\u0113tu sl\u0113pt sev\u012b iespaid\u012bgu litija daudzumu \u2013 sv\u0101rstoties no 20 l\u012bdz pat 40 miljoniem metrisko tonnu. Lai nov\u0113rt\u0113tu \u0161\u012b atkl\u0101juma patieso v\u0113rt\u012bbu, j\u0101\u0146em v\u0113r\u0101 pa\u0161reiz\u0113j\u0101s tirgus cenas. Vid\u0113j\u0101 cena par tonnu litija karbon\u0101ta ASV \u0161obr\u012bd ir aptuveni 37 000 dol\u0101ru. Tas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka \u0161\u012b atraduma potenci\u0101l\u0101 v\u0113rt\u012bba sniedzas l\u012bdz pat neticamajiem 1,5 triljoniem dol\u0101ru. \u0160is daudzums ir tik milz\u012bgs, ka sp\u0113tu nodro\u0161in\u0101t vair\u0101ku desmitga\u017eu pasaules vajadz\u012bbas p\u0113c akumulatoru ra\u017eo\u0161anas materi\u0101liem.<\/p>\n
Vulk\u0101na mantojums un \u0123eolo\u0123ijas br\u012bnums<\/p>\n
Interesanti, ka \u0161\u012b bag\u0101t\u012bba atrodas tie\u0161i tur, kur pirms daudziem gadiem notika sp\u0113c\u012bgs vulk\u0101na izvirdums, radot iespaid\u012bgu kalderu \u2013 milz\u012bgu ieplaku, kas izveidojusies, sabr\u016bkot magmas kamerai. Pats baseins ir iev\u0113rojams, aptverot aptuveni 45 x 35 kilometrus. \u0160\u012b unik\u0101l\u0101 \u0123eolo\u0123isk\u0101 strukt\u016bra ir k\u013cuvusi par ide\u0101lu vietu litija uzkr\u0101\u0161anai. P\u0113t\u012bjumu, kas velt\u012bts \u0161\u012bs teritorijas izp\u0113tei, vad\u012bjis doktora gr\u0101da ieguv\u0113js Tomass R. Bensons no “Lithium Americas Corporation” (LAC). Zin\u0101tnieki ir ieinteres\u0113ti saprast, k\u0101 tie\u0161i \u0161ajos vulk\u0101niskajos apst\u0101k\u013cos veidojas litijam bag\u0101ti miner\u0101li. Miljoniem gadu atpaka\u013c, kad supervulk\u0101na izvirdums izveidoja kr\u0101teri, karstas pelnu k\u0101rtas nogulsn\u0113j\u0101s t\u0101 diben\u0101, veidojot ezeru. \u0160aj\u0101 ezer\u0101 tika uzkr\u0101ts vulk\u0101niskais pelns un nogulsnes. Turpinoties vulk\u0101niskajai aktivit\u0101tei, miner\u0101lviel\u0101m bag\u0101ts, karsts \u016bdens tika p\u0101rnests uz ezeru. Laika gait\u0101, kad ezers iz\u017euva, palika ie\u017ei ar \u0101rk\u0101rt\u012bgi augstu litija koncentr\u0101ciju. Starp tiem ir pat 30 metrus biezas, k\u0101liju un litiju saturo\u0161as m\u0101la joslas. Lab\u0101 zi\u0146a ir t\u0101, ka liels daudzums augstas kvalit\u0101tes litiju saturo\u0161as m\u0101la atrodas pietiekami tuvu zemes virsmai, kas padara atkl\u0101to ieguvi iesp\u0113jamu un ekonomiski izdev\u012bg\u0101ku.<\/p>\n
ASV litija ieguves aina main\u0101s<\/p>\n
L\u012bdz \u0161im ASV liel\u0101kie litija kr\u0101jumi tika uzskat\u012bti par tiem, kas atrodas “Silvery Peak” raktuv\u0113s Nevad\u0101. Tom\u0113r p\u0113rn atkl\u0101t\u0101s iev\u0113rojam\u0101s litija atradnes Dienvidarkans\u0101, kuru apjoms tiek l\u0113sts no 5,1 l\u012bdz pat 19 miljoniem tonnu, jau bija iev\u0113rojams solis uz priek\u0161u. Sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar McDermit atradni, t\u0101s gan \u0161\u0137iet maz\u0101kas, bet joproj\u0101m noz\u012bm\u012bgas. Anal\u012bti\u0137i prognoz\u0113, ka glob\u0101lais litija piepras\u012bjums l\u012bdz 2040. gadam pieaugs asto\u0146as reizes, sal\u012bdzinot ar 2022. gada ra\u017eo\u0161anas apjomu. \u0160\u012b iemesla d\u0113\u013c jaunatkl\u0101tie litija kr\u0101jumi ir ne tikai noz\u012bm\u012bgi, bet pat strat\u0113\u0123iski svar\u012bgi pasaules l\u012bmen\u012b.<\/p>\n
N\u0101kotnes izaicin\u0101jumi un alternat\u012bvas<\/p>\n
Lai gan litija jonu akumulatori pa\u0161laik domin\u0113, ir svar\u012bgi atcer\u0113ties, ka tehnolo\u0123ijas strauji att\u012bst\u0101s. N\u0101k n\u0101kotn\u0113 jauni ener\u0123ijas uzkr\u0101\u0161anas risin\u0101jumi, piem\u0113ram, n\u0101trija-jonu akumulatori un citas alternat\u012bvas, kas var\u0113tu mazin\u0101t litija noz\u012bmi. Tom\u0113r pa\u0161reiz\u0113j\u0101 br\u012bd\u012b un tuv\u0101kaj\u0101 n\u0101kotn\u0113 litija piepras\u012bjums paliek augsts. Tirg\u016b ietekmi atst\u0101j ar\u012b citu valstu fosilo resursu pieejam\u012bba. Lai gan litija ieguves tehnolo\u0123ijas nep\u0101rtraukti uzlabojas, t\u0101s bie\u017ei vien rada ar\u012b **iev\u0113rojamus ekolo\u0123iskus riskus**. Piem\u0113ram, cilv\u0113ki m\u0101c\u0101s ieg\u016bt litiju no s\u0101ls\u016bdens ezeriem, ta\u010du \u0161is process ir resursu ietilp\u012bgs. ASV ar\u012b p\u0113ta iesp\u0113jas ieg\u016bt litiju no metalur\u0123isko raktuvju atkritumu kaudz\u0113m. Interesanti, ka zin\u0101tnieki pat izvirza hipot\u0113zes par litija iesp\u0113jamo izcelsmi \u0101rpus Zemes. Savuk\u0101rt Dienvidamerik\u0101 litija ieguve jau tagad iev\u0113rojami izsme\u013c viet\u0113jos \u016bdens resursus, radot papildu probl\u0113mas re\u0123ion\u0101.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Atkl\u0101jums, kas main\u012bs pasauli: Kolos\u0101ls litija kr\u0101jums ASV Dzi\u013ci zem sena vulk\u0101na kr\u0101tera, uz robe\u017eas starp Nevadas un…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":78661,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[19830,19829,77,76,781,35,39,38,36,37,34,19828,40,19831],"class_list":{"0":"post-78660","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-bizness","8":"tag-akumulatori","9":"tag-asv-atradne","10":"tag-bizness","11":"tag-business","12":"tag-energetika","13":"tag-latvia","14":"tag-latvian","15":"tag-latviesu","16":"tag-latviesu-valoda","17":"tag-latviesuvaloda","18":"tag-latvija","19":"tag-litijs","20":"tag-lv","21":"tag-mcdermit-karteris"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@lv\/115739988229726677","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78660","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78660"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78660\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/78661"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78660"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78660"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78660"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}