Tiesa ar\u012b konstat\u0113, ka Polijas Konstitucion\u0101l\u0101 tiesa nav uzskat\u0101ma par neatkar\u012bgu un objekt\u012bvu tiesu, jo, iece\u013cot amat\u0101 tr\u012bs t\u0101s tiesne\u0161us un priek\u0161s\u0113d\u0113t\u0101ju, ir pie\u013cautas b\u016btiskas nelikum\u012bbas.<\/p>\n
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2021. gada 14. j\u016blij\u0101 un 7. oktobr\u012b Polijas Konstitucion\u0101l\u0101 tiesa noteiktas L\u012bgumu normas \u2013 k\u0101 t\u0101s interpret\u0113jusi Tiesa \u2013 atzina par nesader\u012bg\u0101m ar valsts konstit\u016bciju. \u0160ie spriedumi tika pasludin\u0101ti saist\u012bb\u0101 ar Tiesas judikat\u016bru par Polijas tiesu varas neatkar\u012bbu.<\/p>\n
Abos \u0161ajos spriedumos b\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 noliegtas pilnvaras \u2013 kuras Tiesa atzinusi dal\u012bbvalstu ties\u0101m \u2013 p\u0101rbaud\u012bt tiesne\u0161u iecel\u0161anas proced\u016bru, tostarp Polijas Tieslietu padomes (turpm\u0101k tekst\u0101 \u2013 \u201cTieslietu padome\u201d) rezol\u016bciju, tiesiskumu un lemt par \u0161o proced\u016bru tr\u016bkumiem [2]. Turkl\u0101t tajos noraid\u012bti pagaidu pas\u0101kumi, kurus Tiesa noteikusi attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz Polijas tiesu organiz\u0101ciju un kompetenci un tiesved\u012bbu \u0161aj\u0101s ties\u0101s [3].<\/p>\n
Eiropas Komisija, uzskat\u012bdama, ka Polijas Konstitucion\u0101l\u0101s tiesas spriedumi aizskar ties\u012bbu efekt\u012bvas aizsardz\u012bbas ties\u0101, Savien\u012bbas ties\u012bbu autonomijas, p\u0101r\u0101kuma, efektivit\u0101tes un vienveid\u012bgas piem\u0113ro\u0161anas principu, k\u0101 ar\u012b Tiesas nol\u0113mumu saisto\u0161a sp\u0113ka principu [4], pret Poliju Ties\u0101 c\u0113la pras\u012bbu sakar\u0101 ar pien\u0101kumu neizpildi.<\/p>\n
Pras\u012bbas pieteikum\u0101 Komisija kritiz\u0113 ar\u012b nelikum\u012bbas, kas pie\u013cautas triju Polijas Konstitucion\u0101l\u0101s tiesas tiesne\u0161u [5] un priek\u0161s\u0113d\u0113t\u0101jas iecel\u0161an\u0101 [6]. T\u0101 apgalvo, ka \u0161\u012b tiesa nav uzskat\u0101ma par neatkar\u012bgu un objekt\u012bvu, ties\u012bbu aktos noteiktu tiesu.<\/p>\n
Spriedum\u0101 Tiesa piln\u012bb\u0101 apmierina Komisijas pras\u012bbu un konstat\u0113, ka Polijas nav izpild\u012bjusi savus pien\u0101kumus.<\/p>\n
Tiesa nor\u0101da, ka Polijas Konstitucion\u0101l\u0101s tiesas 2021. gada 7. oktobra spriedums p\u0101rk\u0101pj efekt\u012bvas ties\u012bbu aizsardz\u012bbas ties\u0101 principu, jo pret\u0113ji Tiesas judikat\u016brai ar to ir noraid\u012bta dal\u012bbvalstu tiesu kompetence p\u0101rbaud\u012bt tiesne\u0161u iecel\u0161anas proced\u016bru \u2013 tostarp Tieslietu padomes rezol\u016bciju, ar kur\u0101m izvirz\u012bti kandid\u0101ti iecel\u0161anai amat\u0101, \u2013 tiesiskumu un lemt par \u0161o proced\u016bru tr\u016bkumiem. Ar\u012b 2021. gada 14. j\u016blija spriedum\u0101 Polijas Konstitucion\u0101l\u0101 tiesa ir p\u0101rk\u0101pusi \u0161o principu, jo t\u0101 atteic\u0101s atz\u012bt saisto\u0161o sp\u0113ku, kas piem\u012bt Tiesas noteiktajiem pagaidu pas\u0101kumiem, kuri attiec\u0101s uz Polijas tiesu organiz\u0101ciju un kompetenci un taj\u0101s notieko\u0161aj\u0101m tiesved\u012bb\u0101m.<\/p>\n
Ar str\u012bd\u012bgajiem spriedumiem tiek ap\u0161aub\u012btas ar\u012b Savien\u012bbas ties\u012bbu sist\u0113mas pamatiez\u012bmes, jo tajos ir noraid\u012bts Savien\u012bbas ties\u012bbu p\u0101r\u0101kuma, efektivit\u0101tes un vienveid\u012bgas piem\u0113ro\u0161anas princips, k\u0101 ar\u012b Tiesas judikat\u016bras saisto\u0161\u0101 sp\u0113ka princips, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di liedzot Polijas valsts iest\u0101d\u0113m piem\u0113rot Savien\u012bbas prim\u0101ro ties\u012bbu normas.<\/p>\n
Tiesa atg\u0101dina, ka Polija nevar atsaukties uz savu konstitucion\u0101lo identit\u0101ti, lai izvair\u012btos no LES 2. pant\u0101 nostiprin\u0101to kop\u0113jo v\u0113rt\u012bbu \u2013 proti, tiesiskuma, efekt\u012bvas ties\u012bbu aizsardz\u012bbas ties\u0101 un tiesu varas neatkar\u012bbas \u2013 respekt\u0113\u0161anas. \u0160\u012bs v\u0113rt\u012bbas ir pa\u0161\u0101 Savien\u012bbas identit\u0101tes pamat\u0101, un Polija Savien\u012bbai ir br\u012bvpr\u0101t\u012bgi pievienojusies. P\u0113c pievieno\u0161an\u0101s \u0161\u012bs v\u0113rt\u012bbas konkretiz\u0113jas ar juridiski saisto\u0161iem pien\u0101kumiem, no kuriem dal\u012bbvalstis nevar atbr\u012bvoties.<\/p>\n
Turkl\u0101t dal\u012bbvalstu tiesas nedr\u012bkst vienpus\u0113ji noteikt Savien\u012bbai pie\u0161\u0137irto kompeten\u010du tv\u0113rumu un robe\u017eas. \u0160ie jaut\u0101jumi ir nesaraujami saist\u012bti ar Savien\u012bbas ties\u012bbu interpret\u0101ciju, un ar L\u012bgumiem izveidotaj\u0101 Savien\u012bbas ties\u012bbu sist\u0113m\u0101 tie ir vien\u012bgi Savien\u012bbas tiesu kompetenc\u0113. It \u012bpa\u0161i Savien\u012bbas ties\u012bbu sist\u0113mas efektivit\u0101te un autonomija nepie\u013cauj, ka Tiesas spriedumi, ar kuriem t\u0101 \u012bsteno savu kompetenci gal\u012bgi un saisto\u0161i interpret\u0113t Savien\u012bbas ties\u012bbas un kontrol\u0113t Savien\u012bbas ties\u012bbu aktu tiesiskumu, tiek \u0101r\u0113ji p\u0101rbaud\u012bti. Eventu\u0101las dal\u012bbvalstu tiesu \u0161aubas par Savien\u012bbas kompeten\u010du tv\u0113rumu vai Savien\u012bbas ties\u012bbu akta sp\u0113k\u0101 es\u012bbu t\u0101p\u0113c, ka tas ir \u0101rpus Savien\u012bbas kompeten\u010du sf\u0113ras vai taj\u0101 nav iev\u0113rots Savien\u012bbas pien\u0101kums respekt\u0113t dal\u012bbvalstu nacion\u0101lo identit\u0101ti [7], var tikt paustas vien\u012bgi prejudici\u0101l\u0101 nol\u0113muma tiesved\u012bb\u0101, veicot dialogu ar Tiesu. Tas pats attiecas uz \u0161aub\u0101m par Tiesas veikto Savien\u012bbas ties\u012bbu interpret\u0101ciju.<\/p>\n
Visbeidzot Tiesa secina, ka, 2015. gada decembr\u012b iece\u013cot amat\u0101 tr\u012bs Polijas Konstitucion\u0101l\u0101s tiesas tiesne\u0161us un 2016. gada decembr\u012b iece\u013cot amat\u0101 t\u0101s priek\u0161s\u0113d\u0113t\u0101ju, ir p\u0101rk\u0101pti Polij\u0101 sp\u0113k\u0101 eso\u0161o iecel\u0161anas proced\u016bru pamatnoteikumi. \u0160\u0101 iemesla d\u0113\u013c Polijas Konstitucion\u0101l\u0101 tiesa neatbilst neatkar\u012bgas un objekt\u012bvas, ties\u012bbu aktos noteiktas tiesas pras\u012bb\u0101m Savien\u012bbas ties\u012bbu izpratn\u0113.<\/p>\n
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[1] Nostiprin\u0101tas LES 19. panta 1. punkta otraj\u0101 da\u013c\u0101.<\/p>\n
[2] Tiesas spriedumi, 2021. gada 2. marts, A.B. u.c. (Augst\u0101k\u0101s tiesas tiesne\u0161u iecel\u0161ana \u2013 P\u0101rs\u016bdz\u012bba), C-824\/18 (skat. pazi\u0146ojumu presei Nr. 31\/21), un 2021. gada 6. oktobris, W. \u017b. (Augst\u0101k\u0101s tiesa \u0100rk\u0101rtas kontroles un publisko lietu pal\u0101ta \u2013 Iecel\u0161ana); C-487\/19 (skat. pazi\u0146ojumu presei Nr. 173\/21).<\/p>\n
[3] Ar Tiesas 2020. gada 8. apr\u012b\u013ca r\u012bkojumu Komisija\/Polija (Disciplin\u0101rie pas\u0101kumi pret tiesne\u0161iem), C-791\/19 R (skat. pazi\u0146ojumu presei Nr. 47\/20) Polijai tika uzdots aptur\u0113t to ties\u012bbu normu piem\u0113ro\u0161anu, ar kuru Augst\u0101k\u0101s tiesas Disciplin\u0101rlietu pal\u0101tai pie\u0161\u0137irta kompetence lemt par tiesne\u0161u disciplin\u0101rliet\u0101m. \u0160\u0101 pas\u0101kuma m\u0113r\u0137is bija nodro\u0161in\u0101t ties\u012bbas uz efekt\u012bvu ties\u012bbu aizsardz\u012bbu ties\u0101, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 \u0161aubas par Disciplin\u0101rlietu pal\u0101tas neatkar\u012bbu un objektivit\u0101ti.<\/p>\n
[4] Skat. Komisijas pazi\u0146ojumu presei.<\/p>\n
[5] 2015. gada decembr\u012b parlamenta astotais sasaukums iev\u0113l\u0113ja tr\u012bs personas, lai t\u0101s aizst\u0101tu tiesne\u0161us, kuru amata pilnvaru termi\u0146\u0161 bija beidzies, kaut ar\u012b parlamenta sept\u012btais sasaukums 2015. gada oktobr\u012b \u0161ajos pa\u0161os amatos jau bija iev\u0113l\u0113jis tr\u012bs citus tiesne\u0161us. 2015. gada 3. un 9. decembr\u012b Polijas Konstitucion\u0101l\u0101 tiesa nosprieda, ka astot\u0101 sasaukuma veikt\u0101 tr\u012bs tiesne\u0161u iev\u0113l\u0113\u0161ana bijusi pretrun\u0101 konstit\u016bcijai. Tom\u0113r tr\u012bs 2015. gada decembr\u012b iev\u0113l\u0113t\u0101s personas deva zv\u0113restu Polijas prezidentam un t\u0101m tika at\u013cauts spriest tiesu, savuk\u0101rt 2015. gada oktobr\u012b iev\u0113l\u0113tie tiesne\u0161i nevar\u0113ja ie\u0146emt savus amatus.<\/p>\n
[6] Pl\u0113nums kandid\u0101tu izvirz\u012b\u0161anai uz \u0161o amatu tika sasaukts taj\u0101 pa\u0161a dien\u0101, kur\u0101 tam bija j\u0101norisin\u0101s, bet taj\u0101 nepiedal\u012bj\u0101s visi Konstitucion\u0101l\u0101s tiesas tiesne\u0161i (viens bija promb\u016btn\u0113). No \u010detrpadsmit kl\u0101teso\u0161ajiem tiesne\u0161iem asto\u0146i atteic\u0101s piedal\u012bties balsojum\u0101 un l\u016bdza to atlikt, lai ar\u012b piecpadsmitajam tiesnesim b\u016btu iesp\u0113jams taj\u0101 piedal\u012bties. Kandid\u0101te uz priek\u0161s\u0113d\u0113t\u0101jas amatu, kuru p\u0113c tam amat\u0101 iec\u0113la Polijas prezidents, tika iev\u0113l\u0113ta ar piec\u0101m bals\u012bm, taj\u0101 skait\u0101 to triju tiesne\u0161u bals\u012bm, kuru iecel\u0161ana jau bija apstr\u012bd\u0113ta. Ta\u010du bija nospriests, ka t\u0101du kandid\u0101tu izvirz\u012b\u0161ana, kurus neatbalsta tiesne\u0161u vair\u0101kums, ir pretrun\u0101 Polijas konstit\u016bcijai.<\/p>\n
[7] Saska\u0146\u0101 ar LES 4. panta 2. punktu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Tiesa ar\u012b konstat\u0113, ka Polijas Konstitucion\u0101l\u0101 tiesa nav uzskat\u0101ma par neatkar\u012bgu un objekt\u012bvu tiesu, jo, iece\u013cot amat\u0101 tr\u012bs…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":79472,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[23,57,28,29,32,33,22,30,31,35,39,38,36,37,34,40,20,26,27,24,25,54,55,56,21,58],"class_list":{"0":"post-79471","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-zinas-no-arvalstim","8":"tag-aktualitates","9":"tag-arvalstim","10":"tag-breaking-news","11":"tag-breakingnews","12":"tag-featured-news","13":"tag-featurednews","14":"tag-headlines","15":"tag-latest-news","16":"tag-latestnews","17":"tag-latvia","18":"tag-latvian","19":"tag-latviesu","20":"tag-latviesu-valoda","21":"tag-latviesuvaloda","22":"tag-latvija","23":"tag-lv","24":"tag-news","25":"tag-popularakas-zinas","26":"tag-popularakaszinas","27":"tag-top-stories","28":"tag-topstories","29":"tag-world","30":"tag-world-news","31":"tag-worldnews","32":"tag-zinas","33":"tag-zinas-no-arvalstim"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@lv\/115744050004847795","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79471","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=79471"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79471\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/79472"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=79471"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=79471"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=79471"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}