BBC \u017eurn\u0101listes Anastasija Gribanova, D\u017easmina Daijere un F\u0113be Hopsone public\u0113ju\u0161as apjom\u012bgu rakstu, kur\u0101 ir sensit\u012bvas deta\u013cas un atsauces uz pa\u0161n\u0101v\u012bbu. Da\u017ei v\u0101rdi dro\u0161\u012bbas apsv\u0113rumu d\u0113\u013c ir main\u012bti. “Redziet, kad vi\u0146i saka “vi\u0146\u0161 pats”, tas man uzdzen tr\u012bsas. Vi\u0146\u0161 to neizdar\u012bja m\u0101j\u0101s uz d\u012bv\u0101na,” Katerinas balss dreb aiz sa\u0161utuma. Trausla, putnam l\u012bdz\u012bga sieviete, joproj\u0101m nesp\u0113j bez asar\u0101m dom\u0101t par savu d\u0113lu Orestu.<\/p>\n
Orests g\u0101ja boj\u0101 front\u0113 net\u0101lu no \u010casovjaras 2023. gad\u0101, bet ne no snaipera lodes, gran\u0101tas vai drona trieciena – vi\u0146\u0161 izdar\u012bja pa\u0161n\u0101v\u012bbu. Vismaz t\u0101 apgalvo izmekl\u0113\u0161ana. Ta\u010du visu \u0161o laiku Katerina nav sa\u0146\u0113musi atbildi uz jaut\u0101jumu, k\u0101p\u0113c un k\u0101dos apst\u0101k\u013cos vi\u0146as d\u0113ls nomira. “Izr\u0101d\u0101s, ka notika tas, kas notika – vi\u0146i vi\u0146u apglab\u0101ja, un viss. Es pat nezinu, kurp doties vai pie kur\u0101m durv\u012bm klauv\u0113t,” vi\u0146a saka. Katerinas dz\u012bve ir ikdienas s\u0101pes vi\u0146as vien\u012bg\u0101 d\u0113la zaud\u0113juma d\u0113\u013c. Bet tas v\u0113l nav viss. Saska\u0146\u0101 ar Ukrainas likumiem pa\u0161n\u0101v\u012bba tiek uzskat\u012bta par zaud\u0113jumu, kas nav saist\u012bts ar karo\u0161anu, un tas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka \u0161\u0101du karav\u012bru \u0123imenes faktiski tiek atst\u0101tas \u0113n\u0101 – bez kompens\u0101cijas par boj\u0101g\u0101ju\u0161ajiem, bez valsts atbalsta un bez pien\u0101c\u012bgas godin\u0101\u0161anas. Piem\u0113ram, Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101s Valst\u012bs milit\u0101r\u0101s pa\u0161n\u0101v\u012bbas tiek uzskat\u012btas par saist\u012bt\u0101m ar dienestu. Vi\u0146i atz\u012bst, ka kaujas traumas, stress vai depresija var to veicin\u0101t. \u0122imen\u0113m ir ties\u012bbas uz pal\u012bdz\u012bbu un pabalstiem, boj\u0101g\u0101ju\u0161ie tiek apglab\u0101ti ar milit\u0101ru godin\u0101\u0161anu, un vi\u0146u v\u0101rdus var iegrav\u0113t valsts piemi\u0146as viet\u0101s. Ta\u010du Ukrain\u0101 nekas no t\u0101 nav paredz\u0113ts. Un, lai gan visa valsts godina kauj\u0101 kritu\u0161os, past\u0101v v\u0113l viena karav\u012bru kategorija, kuru n\u0101ve praktiski paliek neredzama un neatz\u012bta. “Tas ir t\u0101, it k\u0101 m\u0113s visi b\u016btu sadal\u012bti,” skaidro Katerina. “Jo da\u017ei nomira pareizi, bet citi nomira nepareizi.” Un vi\u0146a nav viena sav\u0101s b\u0113d\u0101s. Nav prec\u012bzas statistikas par pa\u0161n\u0101v\u012bbu skaitu milit\u0101rpersonu vid\u016b Ukrain\u0101. Vald\u012bba apgalvo, ka \u0161ie ir atsevi\u0161\u0137i gad\u012bjumi. Tom\u0113r cilv\u0113kties\u012bbu akt\u012bvisti un upuru \u0123imenes apgalvo, ka \u0161\u0101du n\u0101ves gad\u012bjumu var\u0113tu b\u016bt simtiem, v\u0113sta BBC. Mums izdev\u0101s atrast tr\u012bs sievietes, kuru person\u012bg\u0101s tra\u0123\u0113dijas sl\u0113pjas aiz fr\u0101zes “nekara zaud\u0113jums”. Vi\u0146u asaras ir klusas, vi\u0146u st\u0101sti tiek \u010dukst\u0113ti, tom\u0113r vi\u0146u b\u0113das ir \u012bstas un dedzino\u0161as. Un visvair\u0101k vi\u0146as v\u0113las tikt sadzird\u0113tas un paman\u012btas, jo katra no vi\u0146\u0101m atdeva savu d\u0101rg\u0101ko – v\u012bru vai d\u0113lu -, lai aizst\u0101v\u0113tu savu valsti. Kas notika 650. kara dien\u0101? <\/p>\n
“\u0160odien ir 650. diena,” vi\u0146a saka. BBC \u017eurn\u0101listi tiekas ar vi\u0146u Ivanofrankivsk\u0101. P\u0113c vi\u0146as l\u016bguma ir main\u012bts vi\u0146as un d\u0113la v\u0101rds. Vi\u0146a piekrita tikties \u012br\u0113t\u0101 dz\u012bvokl\u012b, lai neviens no kaimi\u0146iem vai pazi\u0146\u0101m vi\u0146u nepaz\u012btu. \u201cVi\u0146a mums telefona ekr\u0101n\u0101 r\u0101da Oresta fotogr\u0101fijas – gar\u0161, gai\u0161matains jauneklis milit\u0101r\u0101 uniform\u0101 un brill\u0113s, ar nedaudz skumj\u0101m ac\u012bm. Vi\u0146am bija 25 gadi. Z\u0113ns uzauga k\u0101 kluss un l\u0113npr\u0101t\u012bgs b\u0113rns. Vi\u0146am patika pavad\u012bt laiku m\u0101j\u0101s lasot. P\u0113c skolas vi\u0146\u0161 iest\u0101j\u0101s v\u0113stures noda\u013c\u0101, sap\u0146ojot par to, ka k\u0101du dienu turpin\u0101s akad\u0113misko karjeru \u0101rzem\u0113s,\u201d raksta BBC. 2023. gada janv\u0101r\u012b Orests atgriez\u0101s m\u0101j\u0101s no darba intervijas. Pa ce\u013cam vi\u0146\u0161 sastapa TCC (teritori\u0101l\u0101 iesauk\u0161anas centra) patru\u013cu. Katerina st\u0101sta, ka \u0161\u012b diena main\u012bja vi\u0146as dz\u012bvi. Kop\u0161 dzim\u0161anas z\u0113nam bija \u013coti slikta redze: m\u012bnus 7 un astigmatisms. P\u0113c Katerinas teikt\u0101, vi\u0146as d\u0113ls nok\u0101rtoja visas medic\u012bnisk\u0101s p\u0101rbaudes un tika re\u0123istr\u0113ts milit\u0101raj\u0101 re\u0123istr\u0101cijas un iesauk\u0161anas biroj\u0101, kur vi\u0146\u0161 tika atz\u012bts par neder\u012bgu. “Vi\u0146\u0161 nesl\u0113p\u0101s; vi\u0146\u0161 bija pie vi\u0146iem re\u0123istr\u0113ts. Tas ir, vi\u0146i vi\u0146am nes\u016bt\u012bja pav\u0113sti uz m\u0101j\u0101m. Vi\u0146\u0161 tika pa\u0137erts no ielas, vienk\u0101r\u0161i pa\u0137erts. Es necentos vi\u0146u atbr\u012bvot no atbild\u012bbas.” <\/p>\n
Sieviete atst\u0101sta, ko vi\u0146ai st\u0101st\u012bjis d\u0113ls: vi\u0146\u0161 nekav\u0113joties nos\u016bt\u012bts uz medic\u012bnisko p\u0101rbaudi, atz\u012bts par der\u012bgu un spiests parakst\u012bt da\u017eus dokumentus. Vi\u0146a apgalvo, ka, p\u0113c pa\u0161a Oresta teikt\u0101, TCC p\u0101rst\u0101vji sapl\u0113su\u0161i vi\u0146a neder\u012bguma apliec\u012bbu. Pa\u0161i TCC to noliedz. Tad sekoja poligons, p\u0101rcel\u0161ana no vienas de\u017e\u016brvietas uz citu un galu gal\u0101 poz\u012bcijas net\u0101lu no \u010casovjaras, kur Orests dien\u0113ja par signaliz\u0113t\u0101ju. Katerina st\u0101sta, ka redz\u0113jusi, k\u0101 main\u012bjies vi\u0146as d\u0113ls. Kluss un introverts, vi\u0146\u0161 k\u013cuva v\u0113l nosl\u0113gt\u0101ks, vi\u0146\u0161 run\u0101ja \u012bsi un vienzilb\u012bgi. “Vi\u0146\u0161 s\u0101ka iesl\u012bgt kaut k\u0101d\u0101 depres\u012bv\u0101 st\u0101vokl\u012b. Bija vair\u0101kas t\u0101das dienas, kad mani vienk\u0101r\u0161i moc\u012bja apzi\u0146a, ka vi\u0146\u0161 nej\u016btas labi,” atceras Katerina. D\u0113ls maz run\u0101ja par savu dienestu un dz\u012bves apst\u0101k\u013ciem frontes l\u012bnij\u0101s, tikai vienreiz pieminot, ka ir redz\u0113jis veselu baru cilv\u0113ku, vi\u0146a v\u0101rdiem run\u0101jot, mestus kauj\u0101 ar lo\u017emet\u0113jiem un bez \u012bpa\u0161as apm\u0101c\u012bbas. BBC nav iesp\u0113jas p\u0101rbaud\u012bt \u0161o inform\u0101ciju. <\/p>\n
Tad atskan\u0113ja zvans no TCC \u201cIerad\u0101s divi cilv\u0113ki, kaut k\u0101ds psiholo\u0123isk\u0101 atbalsta dienests. Es to uzreiz nesapratu. Vi\u0146i teica v\u0101rdu \u201cnomira\u201d. Nevis g\u0101ja boj\u0101, bet \u201cnomira\u201d. Pa\u0161n\u0101v\u012bba,\u201d atceras Katerina. Vi\u0146a neatceras, k\u0101 izdz\u012bvoja pirm\u0101s dienas p\u0113c d\u0113la n\u0101ves. Vi\u0146a st\u0101sta, ka s\u0101kum\u0101 tur\u0113ja rok\u0101s vi\u0146a hal\u0101tu – vien\u012bgo Oresta lietu, ko nebija mazg\u0101jusi. Taj\u0101 v\u0113l bija j\u016btama d\u0113la smar\u017ea. P\u0113c sama\u0146as atg\u016b\u0161anas Katerina s\u0101ka las\u012bt izmekl\u0113\u0161anas materi\u0101lus, un da\u017eas lietas vi\u0146u satrauca. Izmekl\u0113\u0161anas dokumentos teikts, ka Orests nomira no \u201cpa\u0161kait\u0113juma ar \u0161\u0101vienu\u201d. \u201cVien\u0101 dokument\u0101 teikts \u201cviens \u0161\u0101viens\u201d, bet cit\u0101 – \u201cspr\u0101dziens\u201d… Liecinieku nebija. Tas notika kaut kur otr\u0101 st\u0101va istab\u0101. Sprie\u017eot p\u0113c skaidrojuma, vi\u0146i dzird\u0113ja \u0161\u0101vienu. Bet skaidrojumi gandr\u012bz visi ir kopijas,\u201d saka Katerina. Vi\u0146a baid\u0101s, ka Orests var\u0113tu b\u016bt nogalin\u0101ts vai spiests izdar\u012bts pa\u0161n\u0101v\u012bbu. “Nevaru pateikt, vai t\u0101 bija pa\u0161n\u0101v\u012bba vai ar\u012b tas tika provoc\u0113ts. Vi\u0146\u0161 atrad\u0101s nepaz\u012bstamos, vi\u0146am piln\u012bgi nerakstur\u012bgos apst\u0101k\u013cos. Piln\u012bb\u0101 atrauts no savas ierast\u0101s dz\u012bves. T\u0101dos apst\u0101k\u013cos, kas da\u017ek\u0101rt bija praktiski nepanesami, ar past\u0101v\u012bgiem draudiem vi\u0146a dz\u012bv\u012bbai,” skaidro sieviete. <\/p>\n
Katerina bija satriekta ar\u012b par to, ka vi\u0146a nesa\u0146\u0113ma nek\u0101du kompens\u0101ciju vai atbalstu no valsts. “Izmekl\u0113t\u0101js man piezvan\u012bja p\u0113c m\u0113ne\u0161a un jaut\u0101ja, vai esmu nomierin\u0101jusies. Vi\u0146\u0161 mani p\u0101rliecin\u0101ja, ka man nepien\u0101kas nek\u0101da nauda, nav nek\u0101du izred\u017eu uz maks\u0101jumiem. Piln\u012bgi nek\u0101,” vi\u0146a atceras. <\/p>\n
Tagad visa vi\u0146as dz\u012bve ir c\u012b\u0146a par paties\u012bbu un d\u0113la piemi\u0146u. Katerina cen\u0161as ats\u0101kt izmekl\u0113\u0161anu: \u201cRuna ir par taisn\u012bgumu. Izr\u0101d\u0101s, ka jums bija b\u0113rns, vi\u0146i vi\u0146u aizveda, aizs\u016bt\u012bja kar\u0101, iedeva lo\u017emet\u0113ju. Tad n\u0101kamais solis – vi\u0146i atveda atpaka\u013c vi\u0146a \u0137ermeni, apglab\u0101ja. Tas ar\u012b viss. Valstij ar to vairs nav nek\u0101da sakara.\u201d Katerinai s\u0101p ar\u012b apk\u0101rt\u0113jo vienaldz\u012bba un neizpratne, jo vi\u0146a bie\u017ei dzird nosodo\u0161us v\u0101rdus, kas adres\u0113ti karav\u012briem, kuri izdar\u012bju\u0161i pa\u0161n\u0101v\u012bbu, un vi\u0146u \u0123imen\u0113m. \u201c\u0160is v\u012brietis bija ell\u0113. K\u0101 cilv\u0113ki \u0161eit var spriest par to, kas tur notika? \u0160is v\u012brietis neaizb\u0113ga. Vi\u0146\u0161 nenogalin\u0101ja k\u0101du citu, vi\u0146\u0161 izdar\u012bja pa\u0161n\u0101v\u012bbu pats,\u201d saka sieviete. Asaras ne\u013cauj vi\u0146ai run\u0101t. Bezsp\u0113c\u012bba un nogurums smagi spie\u017e \u0161\u012bs trausl\u0101s sievietes plecus. Vi\u0146a pateicas mums par to, ka uzklaus\u012bj\u0101m vi\u0146as st\u0101stu, un atz\u012bst, ka ikdien\u0101 vi\u0146a to var uztic\u0113t tikai da\u017eiem cilv\u0113kiem. \u201cEs neraudu publiski. Bet es raudu katru dienu,\u201d vi\u0146a klusi saka. <\/p>\n
Ievainots non\u0101k slimn\u012bc\u0101, saj\u016bk pr\u0101t\u0101 un izdara pa\u0161n\u0101v\u012bbu <\/p>\n
N\u0101kamais st\u0101sts ir par sievieti, kura zaud\u0113jusi v\u012bru un t\u0101pat sastopas ar l\u012bdz\u012bgu attieksmi. Vi\u0146as v\u012brs, ar kuru nodz\u012bvojusi kop\u0101 25 gadus, p\u0113c Krievijas pla\u0161a m\u0113roga iebrukuma pats g\u0101jis uz TCC pieteikties k\u0101 br\u012bvpr\u0101t\u012bgais un tikai p\u0113c sest\u0101s reizes sa\u0146\u0113mis pav\u0113sti. <\/p>\n
Vien\u0101 no kauj\u0101m vi\u0146\u0161 smagi ievainots, zaud\u0113jis da\u013cu rokas un nog\u0101d\u0101ts slimn\u012bc\u0101 \u010cer\u0146ihiv\u0101. P\u0113c sievietes sac\u012bt\u0101, iesp\u0113jams, vi\u0146\u0161 sajucis pr\u0101t\u0101, jo run\u0101jis nesakar\u012bgi, zaud\u0113jis saikni ar realit\u0101ti. Un izdar\u012bjis pa\u0161n\u0101v\u012bbu. <\/p>\n
\u0160o sievieti dzi\u013ci s\u0101pina tas, ka vi\u0146as v\u012brs netika apglab\u0101ts kop\u0101 ar citiem karav\u012briem varo\u0146u alej\u0101 un vi\u0146a v\u0101rds netiek godin\u0101ts. <\/p>\n