L\u0101sma Sirmule pasniedz latvie\u0161u valodu div\u0101s universit\u0101t\u0113s un vada da\u017e\u0101das priv\u0101tstundas, k\u0101 ar\u012b lasa lekcijas, lai pal\u012bdz\u0113tu sagatavoties Pasaules dikt\u0101tam latvie\u0161u valod\u0101. T\u0101 ir iniciat\u012bva att\u012bst\u012bt rakst\u012btprasmi, vairot cie\u0146u pret dzimto valodu un pal\u012bdz\u0113t to iem\u0101c\u012bties cittautie\u0161iem.<\/p>\n
Latvijas Radio aicin\u0101ja Sirmuli izv\u0113rt\u0113t A2 l\u012bmeni, jo tie\u0161i \u0161is l\u012bmenis j\u0101apg\u016bst ne tikai \u0101rvalstu studentiem, tostarp Takam, bet ar\u012b Krievijas pilso\u0146iem, kas v\u0113las ieg\u016bt Eiropas Savien\u012bbas patst\u0101v\u012bg\u0101 iedz\u012bvot\u0101ja statusu. Vi\u0146a uzsv\u0113ra, ka viens no alternat\u012bvajiem nosaukumiem \u0161im ir “izdz\u012bvo\u0161anas l\u012bmenis”.<\/p>\n
“Tas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka es varu aiziet uz veikalu, es varu\u00a0nopirkt, papras\u012bt, cik ir pulkstenis k\u0101dam gar\u0101mg\u0101j\u0113jam. Varu pierakst\u012bties pie friziera vai pie \u0101rsta, varu satikties uz ielas, iepaz\u012bties ar jums, pajaut\u0101t, no kurienes j\u016bs esat, par sevi past\u0101st\u012bt,” skaidroja pasniedz\u0113ja.<\/p>\n
Savuk\u0101rt apg\u016bt valodu vismaz l\u012bdz \u0161im te “izdz\u012bvo\u0161anas” l\u012bmenim neprasa tik ilgu laiku. “Tas ar\u012b ir \u013coti atkar\u012bgs no t\u0101, k\u0101da ir cilv\u0113ka dzimt\u0101 valoda, jo tas \u013coti daudz ietekm\u0113 to, cik \u0101tri ar\u012b apg\u016bs latvie\u0161u valodu. Un\u00a0tiem, kas ir sl\u0101viski run\u0101jo\u0161i, tad no sl\u0101vu valod\u0101m, kas ir ukrai\u0146i, krievi, \u2013 vi\u0146iem noteikti b\u016bs viegl\u0101k un \u0101tr\u0101k, jo tom\u0113r vi\u0146iem \u0161is koncepts par dzimt\u0113m, par loc\u012bjumiem ir saprotams,” skaidroja Sirmule. Vi\u0146a ar\u012b iev\u0113rojusi, ka tiem, kuri n\u0101k no t\u0101l\u0101kiem re\u0123ioniem, ir gr\u016bt\u0101k iem\u0101c\u012bties run\u0101t un rakst\u012bt latviski.<\/p>\n
“Universit\u0101t\u0113, piem\u0113ram, daudz cilv\u0113ku, kam dzimt\u0101 valoda ir ar\u0101bu valoda\u00a0vai persie\u0161u valoda, vai jap\u0101\u0146u, kas ir \u013coti t\u0101 k\u0101 eksotiski, un skaidrs, ka vi\u0146iem ir gr\u016bti kaut vai saprast \u0161o te dzimtes konceptu.<\/p>\n
\nK\u0101p\u0113c galds ir “vi\u0146\u0161” un k\u0101p\u0113c lampa ir “vi\u0146a”, un k\u0101p\u0113c mums visp\u0101r tas ir svar\u012bgi? Un to tie\u0161\u0101m ir gr\u016bti saprast,” st\u0101st\u012bja pasniedz\u0113ja.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
Sirmule ar\u012b praks\u0113 p\u0101rliecin\u0101jusies, ka tiem, kuriem dzimt\u0101 ir k\u0101da no sl\u0101vu valod\u0101m, A2 l\u012bmeni iesp\u0113jams apg\u016bt apm\u0113ram pusgadu ilgu intens\u012bvu m\u0101c\u012bbu rezult\u0101t\u0101. Vi\u0146a ar\u012b paman\u012bjusi, ka \u0101rvalstu studenti nav \u013coti motiv\u0113ti m\u0101c\u012bties latviski: “Ja m\u0113s run\u0101jam par augstskolas studentiem, bie\u017ei vien \u0161\u012bs\u00a0v\u0113lmes un motiv\u0101cijas nav tie\u0161i t\u0101p\u0113c, ka vi\u0146i tom\u0113r savu n\u0101kotni ar Latviju nesaista.”<\/p>\n
Viena no augstskol\u0101m, kur\u0101\u00a0L\u0101sma m\u0101ca, ir R\u012bgas Stradi\u0146a universit\u0101te. “Tie ir medic\u012bnas studenti, un vi\u0146i \u0161eit ir pl\u0101noju\u0161i tikai \u0161os se\u0161us gadus izm\u0101c\u012bties, pabeigt studijas un doties atpaka\u013c uz sav\u0101m m\u012btnes zem\u0113m vai doties kaut kur t\u0101l\u0101k Eirop\u0101. Un t\u0101p\u0113c p\u0101rsvar\u0101 tur \u0161\u012bs motiv\u0101cijas nav ar kaut k\u0101diem atsevi\u0161\u0137iem iz\u0146\u0113mumiem,” st\u0101st\u012bja pasniedz\u0113ja.<\/p>\n
Piln\u012bgi cits motiv\u0101cijas l\u012bmenis gan ir tiem, kas Latvij\u0101 ieradu\u0161ies, lai b\u0113gtu no kara \u0161ausm\u0101m Ukrain\u0101. Statistika liecina, ka l\u012bdz \u0161\u012b gada 1. j\u016blijam patst\u0101v\u012bg\u0101s uztur\u0113\u0161anas at\u013caujas sa\u0146\u0113mu\u0161i 3161, bet termi\u0146uztur\u0113\u0161anas at\u013caujas \u2013 teju 32,3 t\u016bksto\u0161i Ukrainas pilso\u0146u un vi\u0146u \u0123imenes locek\u013cu.<\/p>\n
“Tagad jau, kad ir pag\u0101ju\u0161i \u0161ie tr\u012bs gadi, cilv\u0113ki saprot, ka diem\u017e\u0113l nekas v\u0113l joproj\u0101m nebeidzas un ka vismaz tuv\u0101kos gadus vi\u0146iem b\u016bs \u0161eit j\u0101pavada. Un \u0161o tr\u012bs gadu laik\u0101, ja m\u0113s run\u0101jam par ukrai\u0146iem, man jau ir vair\u0101ki piem\u0113ri person\u012bgi, kas ir tikko C1 l\u012bmeni nok\u0101rtoju\u0161i, lai var mier\u012bgi str\u0101d\u0101t par, piem\u0113ram, \u0101rstiem,” st\u0101st\u012bja Sirmule.<\/p>\n
Ko prasa A2 l\u012bme\u0146a p\u0101rbaudes darbos? “Eks\u0101mens ir balst\u012bts uz\u00a0visp\u0101r\u0113j\u0101m nost\u0101dn\u0113m, ar\u012b \u0161o, kas ir Eiropas Komisijas izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101s nost\u0101dnes par to, kas ir A2 l\u012bmenis. T\u0101 ka\u00a0tas nav atrauts no kaut k\u0101diem starptautiskiem dokumentiem vai ar\u012b no latvie\u0161u valodas l\u012bme\u0146u aprakstiem. \u0160is eks\u0101mens b\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 ir balst\u012bts uz \u0161iem\u00a0l\u012bme\u0146a aprakstiem, kas b\u016btu j\u0101zina cilv\u0113kam A2 l\u012bmen\u012b,” st\u0101st\u012bja pasniedz\u0113ja.<\/p>\n
Pirmaj\u0101 lap\u0101 ir vair\u0101ki eksaminatoru sagatavoti sludin\u0101jumi. Sirmule skaidroja: “Kas ir b\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 pras\u012bts no \u0161\u012b\u00a0studenta vai eks\u0101mena k\u0101rtot\u0101ja\u00a0\u2013\u00a0saprast visp\u0101r, par ko ir runa. Un b\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 vienk\u0101r\u0161i j\u0101izv\u0113las, tur ir kaut k\u0101di apgalvojumi, un j\u0101saprot,\u00a0par k\u0101du t\u0113mu ir \u0161is sludin\u0101jums.”<\/p>\n
T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di no p\u0101rbaudes darba k\u0101rtot\u0101ja sagaida visp\u0101r\u0113ju izpratni. Sirmule uzsv\u0113ra: “Es saku to studentiem, ka j\u016bs nekad nezin\u0101siet visu! Neviens nevar zin\u0101t visu, bet m\u0113s daudz ko varam saprast p\u0113c konteksta.”<\/p>\n
Citos uzdevumos prasa aizpild\u012bt testu, kur\u0101 j\u0101izv\u0113las pareiz\u0101 atbilde. \u0160\u0101di p\u0101rbauda gramatikas zin\u0101\u0161anas. Pasniedz\u0113ja st\u0101st\u012bja: “\u0160eit ar\u012b da\u013c\u0113ji var pal\u012bdz\u0113t, ja cilv\u0113ks labi zina gramatiku, ar\u012b gramatikas zin\u0101\u0161anas var pal\u012bdz\u0113t. Un b\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 ar\u012b p\u0101rsvar\u0101 ir vienk\u0101r\u0161i par to, ko noz\u012bm\u0113 viens vai cits v\u0101rds \u2013 “visvair\u0101k”, “vis\u0101tr\u0101k” vai “vist\u0101l\u0101k”. Un, ja m\u0113s vismaz da\u013cu no \u0161iem v\u0101rdiem zin\u0101m, m\u0113s jau varam izsecin\u0101t, kur\u0161 v\u0101rds b\u016btu j\u0101ievieto konkr\u0113taj\u0101 teikum\u0101 vai konkr\u0113taj\u0101 tekst\u0101.”<\/p>\n
Latvijas Radio ar\u012b vaic\u0101ja, k\u0101das tie\u0161i lietas b\u016btu j\u0101zina tiem, kas v\u0113las nok\u0101rtot latvie\u0161u valodu A2 l\u012bmen\u012b, piem\u0113ram, vai nepiecie\u0161ams zin\u0101t pried\u0113k\u013cu lietojumu. “A2 l\u012bmen\u012b pried\u0113k\u013ci nav j\u0101zina. B\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 par pried\u0113k\u013ciem m\u0113s jau run\u0101jam p\u0101rsvar\u0101 B1 l\u012bmen\u012b. Varb\u016bt kaut k\u0101dus atsevi\u0161\u0137us v\u0101rdus m\u0113s tur “pirkt” un “nopirkt”, ka es vakar nopirku. Par\u00a0pabeigto darb\u012bbu. Bet, t\u0101 k\u0101 pried\u0113k\u013cu jaut\u0101jums jau ir \u013coti sare\u017e\u0123\u012bts, tas jau n\u0101k v\u0113l\u0101k,” st\u0101st\u012bja pasniedz\u0113ja.<\/p>\n
Sarun\u0101s ar \u0101rvalstu studentiem k\u0101 vienu no gr\u016bt\u0101kaj\u0101m liet\u0101m latvie\u0161u valodas apguv\u0113 un run\u0101\u0161an\u0101 studenti uzsv\u0113ra loc\u012bjumus un v\u0101rdu galotnes. L\u0101sma gan steidza mierin\u0101t, ka vismaz A2 l\u012bmen\u012b \u0161\u012bs k\u013c\u016bdas ir piln\u012bgi saprotamas un pie\u0146emamas. “Tas ar\u012b A2 l\u012bme\u0146a aprakst\u0101 ir min\u0113ts, ka\u00a0sistem\u0101tisk\u0101s k\u013c\u016bdas ar loc\u012bjumiem un galotn\u0113m ir pie\u013caujamas, jo tas ir tikai A2 l\u012bmenis.<\/p>\n
\nProtams, t\u0101 galven\u0101 doma ir\u00a0komunik\u0101cija\u00a0\u2013\u00a0ka es varu pateikt to, ko es gribu pateikt, ka es varu pajaut\u0101t to, kas man ir nepiecie\u0161ams,” vi\u0146a uzsv\u0113ra.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
Ar\u012b L\u0101sma ir nov\u0113rojusi, ka latvie\u0161i sarun\u0101s ar \u0101rzemniekiem m\u0113dz p\u0101rsl\u0113gties uz citu valodu, kas apgr\u016btina m\u0101c\u012bbu procesu. Vi\u0146a koment\u0113ja: “O, j\u0101, un es \u0161o \u013coti m\u0113\u0123inu sav\u0101 soci\u0101laj\u0101 burbul\u012b\u00a0\u2013\u00a0saviem draugiem, pazi\u0146\u0101m\u00a0latvie\u0161iem\u00a0\u2013\u00a0visu laiku atg\u0101din\u0101t, ka es saprotu to latvie\u0161u v\u0113lmi v\u0113l\u0113ties pal\u012bdz\u0113t, bet diem\u017e\u0113l tas ir l\u0101\u010da pakalpojums! M\u0113s diem\u017e\u0113l nepal\u012bdzam, un tad rodas \u0161\u012b situ\u0101cija, ka cilv\u0113ki \u0161eit dz\u012bvo 30 gadus\u00a0un\u00a0n\u0101k pie manis m\u0101c\u012bties A1 l\u012bmeni.”<\/p>\n
Vi\u0146aspr\u0101t, tas iedrag\u0101 cilv\u0113ku pa\u0161apzi\u0146u par sav\u0101m sp\u0113j\u0101m run\u0101t latviski. Sieviete st\u0101st\u012bja: “Man bija studente, kas pati jau par sevi bija \u013coti nep\u0101rliecin\u0101ta, vi\u0146a ir \u0101rsts no Ukrainas. Un vi\u0146a man saka: “Bet L\u0101sma, es tie\u0161\u0101m tik slikti run\u0101ju latviski?” Es saku:”K\u0101p\u0113c tu t\u0101 dom\u0101ji?” “Bet visi pacienti, vi\u0146i k\u0101 ien\u0101k, k\u0101 es s\u0101ku, k\u0101 es atveru muti latviski, vi\u0146i uzreiz p\u0101riet uz krievu valodu. Vai tie\u0161\u0101m vi\u0146i mani nesaprot, vai tie\u0161\u0101m ir tik slikti?” Es saku: “N\u0113, vi\u0146i tev grib pal\u012bdz\u0113t! Tikai nesaprot to, ka vi\u0146i diem\u017e\u0113l dara pret\u0113jo.””<\/p>\n
Ikdien\u0101 \u0101rzemniekiem izveidojas ar\u012b valodu sajaukums. “Par latvie\u0161u un krievu, man ir ar\u012b t\u0101di piem\u0113ri, kur cilv\u0113ks ir p\u0101rc\u0113lies uz Latviju. Vi\u0146\u0161 s\u0101kum\u0101 ir m\u0113\u0123in\u0101jis m\u0101c\u012bties no t\u0101, ko vi\u0146\u0161 apk\u0101rt dzird, nevis g\u0101jis t\u0101 k\u0101 akad\u0113miski m\u0101c\u012bties pie k\u0101da pasniedz\u0113ja. Un ar ko m\u0113s esam \u013coti ilgi p\u0113c tam c\u012bn\u012bju\u0161ies\u00a0\u2013\u00a0ka vi\u0146am ir sajukusi kop\u0101 latvie\u0161u un krievu valoda, jo vi\u0146\u0161 nav \u012bsti sapratis, ko vi\u0146\u0161 uz ielas dzird\u00a0\u2013\u00a0latvie\u0161u vai krievu valodu,” st\u0101st\u012bja pasniedz\u0113ja.<\/p>\n
Latvijas Radio v\u0113rs\u0101s ar\u012b pie Valsts izgl\u012bt\u012bbas att\u012bst\u012bbas a\u0123ent\u016bras, kur\u0101 izstr\u0101d\u0101 valsts valodas prasmju p\u0101rbaudes darbus. Valsts valodas prasmes p\u0101rbaudes noda\u013cas vad\u012bt\u0101ja Anta Lazareva ne tikai atbild par valsts p\u0101rbaudes darbu norisi, bet ar\u012b izstr\u0101d\u0101jusi m\u0101c\u012bbu materi\u0101lus valodas apguvei. Vi\u0146a past\u0101st\u012bja, ka vid\u0113ji, lai cilv\u0113ks apg\u016btu latvie\u0161u valodu A2 l\u012bmen\u012b, nepiecie\u0161amas no 120 l\u012bdz 160 akad\u0113miskaj\u0101m stund\u0101m. “Tas ir diezgan ar\u012b individu\u0101ls process, it \u012bpa\u0161i pieaugu\u0161ajiem. Protams, nedaudz varb\u016bt ar\u012b, nu, to ietekm\u0113\u00a0vecums,” vi\u0146a nor\u0101d\u012bja.<\/p>\n
Lazareva st\u0101st\u012bja, ka past\u0101v ar\u012b bezmaksas kursi. P\u0113d\u0113jos divos gados ir Sabiedr\u012bbas integr\u0101cijas fonda kursi, kas prim\u0101ri ir Ukrainas iedz\u012bvot\u0101jiem;\u00a0ir Kult\u016bras ministrijas nodro\u0161in\u0101tie kursi, kas ir tre\u0161o valstu valsts pieder\u012bgajiem;\u00a0un Nodarbin\u0101t\u012bbas valsts a\u0123ent\u016bras\u00a0kursi, kas ir bezdarbniekiem, darba mekl\u0113t\u0101jiem vai darba riskam pak\u013caut\u0101m jeb person\u0101m adres\u0113ti. L\u012bdz \u0161\u012b gada s\u0101kumam Sabiedr\u012bbas integr\u0101cijas fonda organiz\u0113tajos latvie\u0161u valodas kursos kopum\u0101 piedal\u012bju\u0161ies 15 324 t\u016bksto\u0161i ukrai\u0146u.<\/p>\n
Valsts izgl\u012bt\u012bbas att\u012bst\u012bbas a\u0123ent\u016bras m\u0101jaslap\u0101 nav pieejama svaig\u0101k\u0101 statistika par cilv\u0113ku grup\u0101m, kas k\u0101rto valsts valodas p\u0101rbaud\u012bjumus. T\u0101p\u0113c Latvijas Radio vaic\u0101ja Lazarevai \u2013 vai p\u0113d\u0113jo gadu laik\u0101 nov\u0113rojamas k\u0101das izmai\u0146as?<\/p>\n
“2024. un it \u012bpa\u0161i ar\u012b \u0161ogad \u2013\u00a02025. gad\u0101 \u2013\u00a0palielin\u0101jies ukrai\u0146u skaits, jo tom\u0113r, ja\u00a02022., 2023. gad\u0101 vi\u0146i v\u0113l m\u0101c\u012bj\u0101s, varb\u016bt ar\u012b s\u0101kuma l\u012bmeni \u2013\u00a0A1 \u2013,\u00a0tad jau n\u0101kamajos gados vi\u0146i k\u0101rto A2, B1 l\u012bme\u0146us vair\u0101k,” st\u0101st\u012bja speci\u0101liste.<\/p>\n
\u0160\u0101du nov\u0113rojumu apliecina ar\u012b 2024. gada statistika. “T\u0101tad Ukrainas iedz\u012bvot\u0101ji ir pirmaj\u0101 viet\u0101. Vi\u0146iem seko Krievija, t\u0101tad Krievijas valstspieder\u012bgie. Tad tre\u0161ie ir Baltkrievijas valstspieder\u012bgie, ceturtie Vjetnamas valstspieder\u012bgie,” st\u0101st\u012bja Lazareva.<\/p>\n
Vai starp \u0161\u012bm viet\u0101m ir b\u016btiska skaitliska at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bba? Lazareva nor\u0101d\u012bja: “Protams, skaita zi\u0146\u0101, konkr\u0113t\u0101 skaita zi\u0146\u0101 ir b\u016btiska at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bba. Ja Ukraina un Krievija, tas ir p\u0101ri t\u016bksto\u0161iem, gandr\u012bz 2000 cilv\u0113ku, tad jau p\u0101r\u0113j\u0101s, p\u0101r\u0113jo valstu pilso\u0146i, kurus es nosaucu, jau ir t\u0101 k\u0101 apm\u0113ram 100, 150 cilv\u0113ku. T\u0101 ka\u00a0tas skaits \u012bsten\u012bb\u0101 ir \u013coti at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgs starp t\u0101m pirmaj\u0101m div\u0101m viet\u0101m un t\u0101m p\u0101r\u0113j\u0101m.”<\/p>\n
Atbildot uz jaut\u0101jumu, kura p\u0101rbaudes da\u013ca statistiski sag\u0101d\u0101 visliel\u0101k\u0101s gr\u016bt\u012bbas, Lazareva st\u0101st\u012bja: “P\u0113c statistikas datiem\u00a0un\u00a0ar\u012b p\u0113c pieredzes,\u00a0ar\u012b objekt\u012bvi\u00a0gr\u016bt\u0101k\u0101 ir rakst\u012b\u0161anas da\u013ca. Jo rakst\u012b\u0161an\u0101 tie\u0161\u0101m ar\u012b atspogu\u013cojas t\u0101s gramatikas zin\u0101\u0161anas. Un\u00a0\u2013\u00a0it \u012bpa\u0161i m\u016bsdien\u0101s\u00a0\u2013\u00a0m\u0113s tie\u0161\u0101m ar\u012b maz\u0101k rakst\u0101m, maz\u0101k \u0161o prasmi att\u012bst\u0101m.”<\/p>\n
Gan pasniedz\u0113ja Sirmule, gan Lazareva uzsv\u0113ra, ka A2 l\u012bme\u0146a apguvei nepiecie\u0161ams aptuveni pusgads intens\u012bvu m\u0101c\u012bbu, bet visakt\u012bv\u0101k p\u0101rbaudes darbus k\u0101rto Ukrainas pilso\u0146i. Daudzi no vi\u0146iem jau tiku\u0161i pie vid\u0113j\u0101 l\u012bme\u0146a latvie\u0161u valodas prasm\u0113m. Tie\u0161i Ukrainas pilso\u0146iem ar\u012b tiek nodro\u0161in\u0101ti bezmaksas valsts valodas apguves kursi, bet iece\u013cot\u0101jiem no cit\u0101m valst\u012bm valoda j\u0101m\u0101c\u0101s\u00a0par saviem l\u012bdzek\u013ciem vai pa\u0161m\u0101c\u012bbas ce\u013c\u0101.<\/p>\n
Valsts dro\u0161\u012bbu imigranti bez valodas zin\u0101\u0161an\u0101m neapdraud<\/p>\nPar cilv\u0113ku sazi\u0146u k\u0101 vienu no dro\u0161\u012bbas aspektiem savos p\u0113t\u012bjumos raksta NATO Strat\u0113\u0123isk\u0101s komunik\u0101cijas izcil\u012bbas centrs R\u012bg\u0101 jeb “Stratcom”. \u00a0<\/p>\n
Operat\u012bv\u0101s nodro\u0161in\u0101\u0161anas noda\u013cas vad\u012bt\u0101js M\u0101rti\u0146\u0161 Pundors st\u0101st\u012bja: “Valodas k\u0101 dro\u0161\u012bbas aspekts, es dom\u0101ju, ir pietiekami b\u016btisks, \u012bpa\u0161i m\u016bsu platuma gr\u0101dos. Un tie\u0161i konkr\u0113ti Latvij\u0101 varb\u016bt tas jau mums kop\u0161 devi\u0146desmitajiem ir bijis. Viens no centr\u0101lajiem t\u0101diem varb\u016bt ne oblig\u0101ti prim\u0101ri dro\u0161\u012bbas jaut\u0101jumiem, bet noteikti b\u016btisks jaut\u0101jums.”<\/p>\n
Latvij\u0101 p\u0113rn stud\u0113ja 11,5 t\u016bksto\u0161i \u0101rvalstu studentu, no kuriem ceturt\u0101 da\u013ca n\u0101ca no Indijas. L\u012bdz \u0161im nav apkopota inform\u0101cija par visu studentu valsts valodas zin\u0101\u0161an\u0101m, t\u0101p\u0113c Latvijas Radio vaic\u0101ja, vai nerodas riski, ka var\u0113tu veidoties sl\u0113gtas kopienas, kuras potenci\u0101li var\u0113tu rad\u012bt dro\u0161\u012bbas riskus.<\/p>\n
Pundors skaidroja: “Tas, protams, rada kaut k\u0101dus riskus, bet, nu, tad mums ar\u012b ir dro\u0161i vien\u00a0j\u0101skat\u0101s uz to, cik nopietni tie riski ir. Vai taj\u0101 ir v\u0113rts ieguld\u012bt milzu l\u012bdzek\u013cus? Nu, cik milz\u012bgas ir t\u0101s kopienas? Nekur citur pasaul\u0113 jau neviens nespie\u017e apg\u016bt valodu, lai sa\u0146emtu vienu vai citu pakalpojumu, kur\u0161 tiek sniegts cit\u0101 valod\u0101, piem\u0113ram, m\u0101c\u012bbas.”<\/p>\n
Kopum\u0101 eksperts b\u016btiskus riskus gan nesaskata. “Es dom\u0101ju, ka risks varb\u016bt dro\u0161\u012bbai nav milz\u012bgs, kam\u0113r t\u0101s kopienas nav tik \u013coti lielas. Bet vienlaikus ir j\u0101nodro\u0161ina, ka ir iesp\u0113ja cilv\u0113kiem apg\u016bt valodu,” skaidroja eksperts. Lai ar\u012b Pundors zemu v\u0113rt\u0113 iesp\u0113jamos riskus, Valsts dro\u0161\u012bbas dienesta 2023. gada p\u0101rskat\u0101 uzsv\u0113rts, ka latvie\u0161u valodas satura nostiprin\u0101\u0161ana Latvijas informat\u012bvaj\u0101 telp\u0101 ir viens no pamata elementiem, lai aizsarg\u0101tu valsts nacion\u0101lo dro\u0161\u012bbu no Latvijai nedraudz\u012bgu valstu informat\u012bv\u0101s ietekmes centieniem.<\/p>\n
K\u0101 valstij vajadz\u0113tu veicin\u0101t valodas apguvi jauniece\u013cot\u0101ju vid\u016b? Pundors uzsv\u0113ra: “\u0160aj\u0101 jaut\u0101jum\u0101 es dom\u0101ju, ka nav nepareizu l\u0113mumu, nav nepareizu pieeju. Var b\u016bt lab\u0101kas, var b\u016bt slikt\u0101kas, maz\u0101k efekt\u012bvas, vair\u0101k efekt\u012bvas. Bet, tikko m\u0113s dom\u0101jam par to, ka mums j\u0101rada cilv\u0113kiem iesp\u0113ja apg\u016bt valodu, tad m\u0113s noteikti atrastu ar\u012b pieeju.”<\/p>\n
Pilson\u012bbas migr\u0101cijas lietu p\u0101rvalde (PMLP) ir t\u0101 iest\u0101de, kas, cita starp\u0101, iebrauc\u0113jiem izsniedz past\u0101v\u012bg\u0101s uztur\u0113\u0161an\u0101s at\u013caujas vai Eiropas Savien\u012bbas past\u0101v\u012bg\u0101 iedz\u012bvot\u0101ja statusu. PMLP p\u0101rbauda pretendentu iesniegtos dokumentus \u2013 ar\u012b apliecin\u0101jumu par valsts valodas l\u012bmeni. Latvijas Radio vaic\u0101ja iest\u0101des vad\u012bt\u0101jai Mairai Rozei, kur\u0101 br\u012bd\u012b migr\u0101cijas lietu p\u0101rvalde iesaist\u0101s \u0161aj\u0101 proces\u0101. “Likums nosaka, ka ir virkne cilv\u0113ku, kuriem ir j\u0101p\u0101rform\u0113 uztur\u0113\u0161an\u0101s at\u013cauja. Un, ja vi\u0146\u0161 to neizdara, t\u0101d\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 iest\u0101jas jau sekas. Un, lai p\u0101rform\u0113tu, ir nepiecie\u0161ams\u00a0sertifik\u0101ts, valodas prasmes sertifik\u0101ts A2 l\u012bmen\u012b,” skaidroja Roze.<\/p>\n
Person\u0101m gan bija da\u017e\u0101das iesp\u0113jas ar\u012b pagarin\u0101t uztur\u0113\u0161anos, piem\u0113ram, uz diviem gadiem ieg\u016bstot termi\u0146uztur\u0113\u0161anas at\u013cauju, lai \u0161ai laik\u0101 apg\u016btu valodu, ja nu tom\u0113r tas nebija izdevies, tad PMLP ar \u0161iem cilv\u0113kiem sazin\u0101j\u0101s. “M\u0113s s\u016bt\u012bj\u0101m informat\u012bv\u0101s v\u0113stules, ka person\u0101m ir j\u0101iesniedz dokumenti, lai var\u0113tu turpin\u0101t uztur\u0113ties ar termi\u0146u. Un, ja tas netika izdar\u012bts, tad vi\u0146iem jau s\u016bta v\u0113stul\u012bti, kad vi\u0146iem ir j\u0101izbrauc,” skaidroja Roze.<\/p>\n
\u0160\u0101das v\u0113stules s\u016bt\u012btas ar\u012b \u0161ogad. PMLP vad\u012bt\u0101ja past\u0101st\u012bja: “Novembr\u012b (..) uztur\u0113\u0161an\u0101s at\u013caujas zaud\u0113ja 297 personas, kur\u0101m tad tika nos\u016bt\u012btas v\u0113stules l\u012bdz 16. febru\u0101rim, ka vi\u0146\u0101m ir j\u0101izce\u013co.”<\/p>\n
N\u0101kamgad PMLP sazin\u0101sies jau ar tiem Krievijas pilso\u0146iem m\u016bsu valst\u012b, kuriem pagarin\u0101ja uztur\u0113\u0161an\u0101s at\u013caujas termi\u0146u pirms diviem gadiem. \u0160aj\u0101 laik\u0101 vi\u0146iem deva iesp\u0113ju iem\u0101c\u012bties latvie\u0161u valodu.<\/p>\n
\n“Tie ir ar\u012b kaut kur apm\u0113ram ap 3500 Krievijas pilso\u0146u, ar kuriem n\u0101kamaj\u0101\u00a0gad\u0101 kaut k\u0101d\u0101 zi\u0146\u0101 mums atkal b\u016bs \u0161\u012b te sadarb\u012bba,” piebilda Roze.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
Latvijas Radio neizdev\u0101s sarun\u0101t interviju ar k\u0101du Krievijas pilsoni, kuram nepiecie\u0161ams k\u0101rtot A2 l\u012bme\u0146a valsts p\u0101rbaudi. Visi uzrun\u0101tie no intervij\u0101m atteic\u0101s, jo nev\u0113l\u0113j\u0101s publiski paust savu viedokli.<\/p>\n
Ta\u010du tie studenti, ar kuriem Latvijas Radio sarun\u0101j\u0101s, k\u0101 ar\u012b citi iesaist\u012btie\u00a0iez\u012bm\u0113 diezgan vienotu situ\u0101ciju \u2013 Latvij\u0101 stud\u0113jo\u0161iem \u0101rzemniekiem \u0161obr\u012bd nav motiv\u0101cijas apg\u016bt valodu, ja vien t\u0101 nav nepiecie\u0161ama darbam. Br\u012bd\u012b, kad valodu tom\u0113r vajag, tad to var apg\u016bt diezgan \u0101tri. Ar\u012b Latvie\u0161u valodas a\u0123ent\u016bras veiktaj\u0101 p\u0113t\u012bjum\u0101 nor\u0101d\u012bts, ka galvenais motiv\u0113jo\u0161ais faktors valodas apguvei ir v\u0113lme saprast un sadarboties ar viet\u0113jiem iedz\u012bvot\u0101jiem, kas ir ar\u012b b\u016btisks integr\u0101cijas priek\u0161nosac\u012bjums.<\/p>\n
Iemesli, k\u0101p\u0113c \u0101rzemnieki nesteidz apg\u016bt latvie\u0161u valodu, ir da\u017e\u0101di, bet p\u0113t\u012bjum\u0101 iez\u012bm\u0113jas tie\u0161i apk\u0101rt\u0113j\u0101 vide, da\u017e\u0101di m\u0101c\u012b\u0161an\u0101s ieradumi, k\u0101 ar\u012b zema m\u0101c\u012b\u0161an\u0101s prakse.<\/p>\n
Savuk\u0101rt galven\u0101 probl\u0113ma, ko izce\u013c gan abi studenti, gan ar\u012b pasniedz\u0113ja, kas str\u0101d\u0101 ar tiem, kuri ir ieinteres\u0113ti apg\u016bt valodu, ir viena \u2013 m\u016bsu pa\u0161u tieksme p\u0101riet uz sve\u0161valodu t\u0101 viet\u0101, lai pal\u012bdz\u0113tu apg\u016bt valodu. To p\u0113t\u012bjums min k\u0101 vienu no kav\u0113jo\u0161ajiem faktoriem.<\/p>\n
Intervijas laik\u0101 to vair\u0101kk\u0101rt ar\u012b uzsv\u0113ra Taka Tanabe no \u0160rilankas. “Valoda ir kaut kas, ko nepiecie\u0161ams tren\u0113t ar cilv\u0113kiem, un nevar vienk\u0101r\u0161i t\u0101pat viss notikt. It \u012bpa\u0161i nevar ar pacientiem vienk\u0101r\u0161i iesaist\u012bties neform\u0101l\u0101s sarun\u0101s, jo nepiecie\u0161ams saglab\u0101t profesionalit\u0101ti. T\u0101p\u0113c daudzi studenti, kurus es paz\u012bstu, saka, ka ir diezgan gr\u016bti uzlabot savas latvie\u0161u valodas prasmes, lai ar\u012b universit\u0101te pavisam noteikti mums m\u0101ca valodu.”<\/p>\n
Toties L\u016bkass Risterss st\u0101st\u012bja, ka vi\u0146\u0161 uz liet\u0101m skat\u0101s pragmatiski. Ir tikai pa\u0161saprotami m\u0101c\u012bties t\u0101s valsts valodu, kur\u0101\u00a0dz\u012bvo.<\/p>\n
\u0100rsts sac\u012bja: “Tas ir cie\u0146as jaut\u0101jums. Ja es ierodos k\u0101da m\u0101j\u0101s\u00a0\u2013\u00a0vienalga, vai t\u0101 ir \u0123imenes m\u0101ja vai sve\u0161a valsts,\u00a0\u2013 un s\u0101ku run\u0101t sve\u0161\u0101 valod\u0101, tas izsl\u0113dz cilv\u0113kus. Es nev\u0113los tikt izsl\u0113gts,\u00a0un es nev\u0113los izsl\u0113gt citus.<\/p>\n
\nEs atvainojos par savu valodu, bet iem\u0101cieties to sasod\u012bto valodu \u2013 tas nav tik sare\u017e\u0123\u012bti! Ja es to varu izdar\u012bt, tad jebkur\u0161 to var!”<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Katru gadu vair\u0101ki t\u016bksto\u0161i cilv\u0113ku k\u0101rto valsts valodas prasmes p\u0101rbaudes A2 jeb pamatzin\u0101\u0161anu l\u012bmen\u012b. Vairums k\u0101rtot\u0101ju ir no…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":82980,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[23,28,29,32,33,22,30,31,35,39,38,36,37,34,40,20,26,27,24,25,21],"class_list":{"0":"post-82979","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-latvija","8":"tag-aktualitates","9":"tag-breaking-news","10":"tag-breakingnews","11":"tag-featured-news","12":"tag-featurednews","13":"tag-headlines","14":"tag-latest-news","15":"tag-latestnews","16":"tag-latvia","17":"tag-latvian","18":"tag-latviesu","19":"tag-latviesu-valoda","20":"tag-latviesuvaloda","21":"tag-latvija","22":"tag-lv","23":"tag-news","24":"tag-popularakas-zinas","25":"tag-popularakaszinas","26":"tag-top-stories","27":"tag-topstories","28":"tag-zinas"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@lv\/115763191843821220","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/82979","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=82979"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/82979\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/82980"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=82979"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=82979"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=82979"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}