2025. gad\u0101 glob\u0101l\u0101 tirdzniec\u012bba piedz\u012bvoja nopietnu kr\u012bzi, kad Eiropa tika saspiesta starp agres\u012bvo tirdzniec\u012bbas politiku un divu pasaules liel\u0101ko ekonomiku \u2013 ASV un \u0136\u012bnas \u2013 uzbrukumiem. K\u0101 inform\u0113 telekan\u0101ls EuroNews, Va\u0161ingtona \u012bstenoja nacion\u0101listisku tirdzniec\u012bbas politiku, ievie\u0161ot pla\u0161us tarifus, savuk\u0101rt Pekina s\u0101ka izmantot savu atkar\u012bbu no kritiski svar\u012bgiem resursiem, radot jaunu \u201c\u0136\u012bnas \u0161oku\u201d Eiropas tirgum.<\/p>\n
ASV uzbrukums un Eiropas atkar\u012bbas atkl\u0101\u0161an\u0101s<\/p>\n
Gada s\u0101kum\u0101 ASV p\u0113k\u0161\u0146i nov\u0113rs\u0101s no glob\u0101l\u0101s sadarb\u012bbas un uzs\u0101ka protekcionistisku tirdzniec\u012bbas politiku, kas piespieda tirdzniec\u012bbas pl\u016bsmas novirz\u012bties, daudzas no t\u0101m uz Eiropu. Taj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 laik\u0101, saasinoties attiec\u012bb\u0101m ar \u0136\u012bnu, Pekina s\u0101ka izmantot savu domin\u0113jo\u0161o st\u0101vokli retzemju pieg\u0101d\u0113s, kas ir b\u016btiskas Eiropas tehnolo\u0123iju sektoram. Eiropas Komisijas prezidente Urzula fon der Leiena br\u012bdin\u0101ja par \u201cotr\u0101 \u0136\u012bnas \u0161oka\u201d sek\u0101m, atsaucoties uz \u0136\u012bnas eksporta dramatisko pieaugumu un r\u016bpniecisko p\u0101rprodukciju, kas var\u0113tu p\u0101rpludin\u0101t Eiropas tirgu un apdraud\u0113t viet\u0113jos ra\u017eot\u0101jus. ES, turoties pie saviem noteikumiem balst\u012bt\u0101s pieejas, non\u0101ca v\u0101j\u0101 poz\u012bcij\u0101, saskaroties ar jauno glob\u0101lo tirdzniec\u012bbas k\u0101rt\u012bbu, kas att\u0101lin\u0101s no starptautisk\u0101s sadarb\u012bbas un noteikumiem. Kara Ukrain\u0101 turpin\u0101\u0161an\u0101s ar\u012b atkl\u0101ja Eiropas ievainojam\u012bbu, jo t\u0101s atkar\u012bba no ASV dro\u0161\u012bbas jom\u0101 ietekm\u0113ja bloka tirdzniec\u012bbu.<\/p>\n
Donaldam Trampam atgrie\u017eoties amat\u0101, Balt\u0101 nama \u012bstenot\u0101 agres\u012bv\u0101 tirdzniec\u012bbas politika palielin\u0101ja tarifus ES prec\u0113m, taj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 laik\u0101 \u0136\u012bna pastiprin\u0101ja spiedienu, ierobe\u017eojot kritiski svar\u012bgu miner\u0101lu eksportu, kas nepiecie\u0161ams da\u017e\u0101du produktu ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101.<\/p>\n
\u201cAtbr\u012bvo\u0161anas diena\u201d un nel\u012bdzsvarotais dar\u012bjums ar ASV<\/p>\n
2. apr\u012bl\u012b no Balt\u0101 nama Ro\u017eu d\u0101rza Tramps pazi\u0146oja par jauniem tarifiem, ko finansi\u0101lie tirgi un sabiedrotie uztv\u0113ra k\u0101 \u201cAtbr\u012bvo\u0161anas dienu\u201d, kas satricin\u0101ja pasaules tirdzniec\u012bbu. ES tika piem\u0113rots 20% muitas nodeva, rea\u0123\u0113jot uz 300 miljardu dol\u0101ru tirdzniec\u012bbas defic\u012btu. Brisele gan iebilda, ka abu valstu tirdzniec\u012bbas attiec\u012bbas ir sabalans\u0113tas, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 gan pre\u010du, gan pakalpojumu tirdzniec\u012bbu.<\/p>\n
ASV tarifi t\u0113raudam un alum\u012bnijam pieauga l\u012bdz 25%, bet l\u012bdz j\u016bnijam pat l\u012bdz 50%, jo Va\u0161ingtona cent\u0101s atg\u016bt r\u016bpniecisko ra\u017eo\u0161anu un pretoties \u0136\u012bnas p\u0101rprodukcijai. \u0160aj\u0101 c\u012b\u0146\u0101 starp Va\u0161ingtonu un Pekinu Eiropas Savien\u012bba k\u013cuva par blakus ciet\u0113ju. Kam\u0113r ASV palielin\u0101ja tirdzniec\u012bbas barjeras, citas valstis steidz\u0101s p\u0101rskat\u012bt piek\u013cuvi tirgiem. ES un ASV sarunas bija saspringtas un neparedzamas, bie\u017ei vien piepild\u012btas ar draudiem. Tramps draud\u0113ja ar pat 200% tarifiem Eiropas film\u0101m, v\u012bniem un stiprajiem alkoholiskajiem dz\u0113rieniem. Eiropas Tirdzniec\u012bbas komis\u0101rs Maro\u0161s \u0160ef\u010dovi\u010ds no apr\u012b\u013ca l\u012bdz j\u016blijam desmit reizes apmekl\u0113ja Va\u0161ingtonu, ta\u010du re\u0101l\u0101 vara, \u0161\u0137iet, pieder\u0113ja Trampam un vi\u0146a padomniekam P\u012bteram Navaro.<\/p>\n
Va\u0161ingtona ar\u012b v\u0113rs\u0101s pret to, ko t\u0101 d\u0113v\u0113ja par Eiropas \u201cnetarifu barjer\u0101m\u201d, \u012bpa\u0161i pret ES Digit\u0101lo tirgu aktu (DMA) un Digit\u0101lo pakalpojumu aktu (DSA). Brisele uzst\u0101ja, ka regul\u0113jums ir t\u0101s suver\u0113n\u0101 ties\u012bba, vienlaikus gatavojot atbildes pas\u0101kumus l\u012bdz pat 72 miljardu eiro v\u0113rt\u012bb\u0101 uz ASV prec\u0113m, kas gan tika aptur\u0113ti, lai saglab\u0101tu sarunu iesp\u0113ju. Pat tika apsv\u0113rta iesp\u0113ja ieviest tarifus ASV pakalpojumiem. Da\u017eas dal\u012bbvalstis, \u012bpa\u0161i Francija, ierosin\u0101ja izmantot Pretvardarb\u012bbas instrumentu, kas pie\u0146emts 2023. gad\u0101 un \u013cauj ES v\u0113rsties pret pakalpojumiem, \u012bpa\u0161uma ties\u012bb\u0101m un licenc\u0113m, lai pretotos ekonomiskai piespie\u0161anai.<\/p>\n
27. j\u016blij\u0101 Fon der Leiena un Tramps pan\u0101ca vieno\u0161anos Skotij\u0101. T\u0101s rezult\u0101t\u0101 tika noteikta nulle ES tarifu vairumam ASV r\u016bpniec\u012bbas pre\u010du, savuk\u0101rt ASV tr\u012bsk\u0101r\u0161oja tarifus ES eksporta prec\u0113m l\u012bdz 15%. T\u0101pat tika nosl\u0113gti l\u012bgumi par 600 miljardu eiro ES invest\u012bcij\u0101m ASV l\u012bdz 2028. gadam un 750 miljardu eiro ener\u0123ijas iepirkumiem. Brisele to pasniedza k\u0101 lab\u0101ko iesp\u0113jamo izn\u0101kumu, ta\u010du kriti\u0137i to nod\u0113v\u0113ja par nel\u012bdzsvarotu un pat pazemojo\u0161u. ES tirdzniec\u012bbas \u0123ener\u0101ldirektore Sab\u012bne Veianda atzina, ka sarunas nebija \u012bstas, jo ASV bija p\u0101rsvars. Vi\u0146a ar\u012b br\u012bdin\u0101ja, ka Eiropa \u201cmaks\u0101 par to, ka m\u0113s ignor\u0113j\u0101m pirmo br\u012bdin\u0101jumu Trampa administr\u0101cijas laik\u0101 un atkal aizmigu\u0161\u0101m\u201d.<\/p>\n
Digit\u0101l\u0101 uzbrukuma un \u0136\u012bnas \u0161oka vilnis<\/p>\n
ASV piepras\u012bja, lai Eiropa samazina savus r\u016bpniec\u012bbas tarifus, un piepras\u012bja m\u012bkstin\u0101t ES digit\u0101lo noteikumu piem\u0113ro\u0161anu pirms tarifu samazin\u0101\u0161anas t\u0113raudam un alum\u012bnijam. ES uzst\u0101ja, ka digit\u0101lie noteikumi nav apsprie\u017eami. Tom\u0113r spiediens uz bloku pieauga. Va\u0161ingtona uzs\u0101ka agres\u012bv\u0101ku taktiku, aizliedzot iebrauk\u0161anu pieciem indiv\u012bdiem, tostarp biju\u0161ajam Eiropas komis\u0101ram Tj\u0113ri Bretonam, aps\u016bdzot vi\u0146u par soci\u0101lo mediju platformu cenz\u016bru. ES noliedza cenz\u016bru un uzsv\u0113ra savu suverenit\u0101ti. Francijas prezidents Emanuels Makrons pat apgalvoja, ka ASV izmanto digit\u0101los noteikumus, lai piespiestu un iebied\u0113tu ES. Tirdzniec\u012bbas kar\u0161 starp ab\u0101m valst\u012bm p\u0101rorient\u0113j\u0101s uz digit\u0101lo telpu.<\/p>\n
Neskatoties uz tarifu haosu, glob\u0101l\u0101 tirdzniec\u012bba 2025. gad\u0101 pieauga par aptuveni 6.35% (preces) un 6.24% (pakalpojumi), liecina neatkar\u012bgs tirdzniec\u012bbas politikas nov\u0113rot\u0101js. \u0136\u012bna sasniedza iespaid\u012bgu atz\u012bmi, uzr\u0101dot 1 triljona dol\u0101ru tirdzniec\u012bbas p\u0101rpalikumu. Nesasniedzot ASV tirgu, \u0136\u012bnas eksporta preces p\u0101rpludin\u0101ja Eiropu, palielinoties par gandr\u012bz 15% starp 2024. gada novembri un 2025. gada novembri. Da\u017e\u0101s dal\u012bbvalst\u012bs, piem\u0113ram, It\u0101lij\u0101, \u0161is r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101js p\u0101rsniedza 25%. Fon der Leiena v\u0113lreiz br\u012bdin\u0101ja par \u201cotr\u0101 \u0136\u012bnas \u0161oka\u201d negat\u012bvaj\u0101m sek\u0101m, kas var\u0113tu b\u016bt v\u0113l smag\u0101kas nek\u0101 pirmais periods no 1999. l\u012bdz 2007. gadam.<\/p>\n
Tom\u0113r ES ir bijis gr\u016bti rea\u0123\u0113t. Tarifi \u0136\u012bnas elektriskajiem transportl\u012bdzek\u013ciem (EV) 2024. gad\u0101 atsp\u0113l\u0113j\u0101s, un Pekina atbild\u0113ja ar 42.7% muit\u0101m uz c\u016bkga\u013cu un piena produktiem. Diplom\u0101tisk\u0101s attiec\u012bbas pasliktin\u0101j\u0101s, un daudzsolo\u0161ais ES-\u0136\u012bnas samits j\u016blij\u0101 nedeva iev\u0113rojamus rezult\u0101tus. Situ\u0101ciju v\u0113l vair\u0101k sare\u017e\u0123\u012bja \u0136\u012bnas ierobe\u017eojumi retzemju eksport\u0101, kas apdraud\u0113ja Eiropas autob\u016bves, tehnolo\u0123iju un aizsardz\u012bbas nozares. Tikai p\u0113c Trampa un Sji Dzji\u0146pina tik\u0161an\u0101s 30. oktobr\u012b Pekina m\u012bkstin\u0101ja kontroli, piln\u012bb\u0101 apietot ES diplom\u0101tiju. N\u012bderlandes varasiest\u0101\u017eu l\u0113mums par mikrosh\u0113mu ra\u017eot\u0101ja Nexperia p\u0101r\u0146em\u0161anu izrais\u012bja spriedzi starp Eiropas un \u0136\u012bnas varasiest\u0101d\u0113m.Lai gan N\u012bderlande galu gal\u0101 atdeva kontroli Nexperia \u012bpa\u0161niekiem, \u0161is gad\u012bjums par\u0101d\u012bja ES politikas robe\u017eas. K\u0101 nor\u0101d\u012bja \u0136\u012bnas eksperte Ali\u0161a Garsija Herrero, \u201cES nav sviras attiec\u012bb\u0101 pret \u0136\u012bnu, tai nav ko izmantot k\u0101 ieroci\u201d.<\/p>\n
Pasaules noteikumu uzsvaru mai\u0146a un ES rea\u0123\u0113\u0161ana<\/p>\n
2025. gad\u0101 Eiropas uztic\u012bba glob\u0101lajiem noteikumiem tika nopietni ap\u0161aub\u012bta, ta\u010du Brisele turpin\u0101ja centienus samazin\u0101t savu atkar\u012bbu un stiprin\u0101t tirdzniec\u012bbu. ES dubultoja tarifus t\u0113raudam no cit\u0101m valst\u012bm un pie\u0146\u0113ma jaunu ekonomisk\u0101s dro\u0161\u012bbas doktr\u012bnu. Komis\u0101rs \u0160ef\u010dovi\u010ds uzsv\u0113ra, ka jaunaj\u0101 pasaules k\u0101rt\u012bb\u0101 viss var tikt izmantots k\u0101 \u201cierocis\u201d. T\u0101p\u0113c ES pastiprin\u0101ja centienus diversific\u0113t tirdzniec\u012bbas partnerus, nosl\u0113dzot dar\u012bjumus ar Meksiku, Indon\u0113ziju, Singap\u016bru un ats\u0101kot sarunas ar Indiju, lai gan vieno\u0161an\u0101s v\u0113l nav pan\u0101kta. T\u0101pat tika atlikta vieno\u0161an\u0101s ar Mercosur bloku, kur\u0101 ietilpst Argent\u012bna, Braz\u012blija, Paragvaja un Urugvaja. Kriti\u0137i nor\u0101da, ka ES nav sp\u0113jusi aptvert Mercosur \u0123eopolitisko noz\u012bmi un ka \u0161\u0101ds dar\u012bjums b\u016btu par\u0101d\u012bjis strat\u0113\u0123isko v\u0113rt\u012bbu un ieguvumus no daudzpus\u0113j\u0101m attiec\u012bb\u0101m pasaul\u0113, kas saskaras ar glob\u0101l\u0101s tirdzniec\u012bbas uzbrukumiem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"2025. gad\u0101 glob\u0101l\u0101 tirdzniec\u012bba piedz\u012bvoja nopietnu kr\u012bzi, kad Eiropa tika saspiesta starp agres\u012bvo tirdzniec\u012bbas politiku un divu pasaules…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":90094,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[23,57,7521,28,29,514,32,33,21980,22,22750,30,31,35,39,38,36,37,34,40,20,26,27,22751,24,25,54,55,56,21,58],"class_list":{"0":"post-90093","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-zinas-no-arvalstim","8":"tag-aktualitates","9":"tag-arvalstim","10":"tag-asv-tarifi","11":"tag-breaking-news","12":"tag-breakingnews","13":"tag-eiropas-savieniba","14":"tag-featured-news","15":"tag-featurednews","16":"tag-globala-tirdznieciba","17":"tag-headlines","18":"tag-kinas-soks","19":"tag-latest-news","20":"tag-latestnews","21":"tag-latvia","22":"tag-latvian","23":"tag-latviesu","24":"tag-latviesu-valoda","25":"tag-latviesuvaloda","26":"tag-latvija","27":"tag-lv","28":"tag-news","29":"tag-popularakas-zinas","30":"tag-popularakaszinas","31":"tag-tirdzniecibas-politika","32":"tag-top-stories","33":"tag-topstories","34":"tag-world","35":"tag-world-news","36":"tag-worldnews","37":"tag-zinas","38":"tag-zinas-no-arvalstim"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@lv\/115809276619313542","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90093","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=90093"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90093\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/90094"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=90093"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=90093"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=90093"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}