{"id":94956,"date":"2026-01-05T09:37:19","date_gmt":"2026-01-05T09:37:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/94956\/"},"modified":"2026-01-05T09:37:19","modified_gmt":"2026-01-05T09:37:19","slug":"par-2026-gada-glotseni-kluvusi-vinogkekaru-dzelksnite-raksts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/94956\/","title":{"rendered":"Par 2026. gada g\u013cots\u0113ni k\u013cuvusi v\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012bte \/ Raksts"},"content":{"rendered":"

Par 2026. gada g\u013cots\u0113ni izraudz\u012bta v\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012bte Badhamia utricularis inform\u0113ja Latvijas Mikologu biedr\u012bba.<\/p>\n

V\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012bte barojas ar koksnes s\u0113n\u0113m, veido kr\u0101\u0161\u0146us un paman\u0101mus v\u012bnogu \u0137ekariem l\u012bdz\u012bgus aug\u013c\u0137erme\u0146us un diennakt\u012b sp\u0113j pieveikt pat 20\u00a0centimetru att\u0101lumu.<\/p>\n

Plazmodija stadij\u0101, kad g\u013cots\u0113ne k\u0101 dzeltena, dzeltenoran\u017ea pus\u0161\u0137idra masa baro\u0161an\u0101s proces\u0101 p\u0101rvietojas pa kritalu, t\u0101 nereti ar visu savu b\u016bt\u012bbu p\u0101rkl\u0101j k\u0101du vair\u0101k vai maz\u0101k kl\u0101jenisku koksnes s\u0113ni. Plazmodijs var sasniegt pat pusmetru garu kl\u0101jienu, atsevi\u0161\u0137os gad\u012bjumos pat v\u0113l vair\u0101k.\u00a0Neviena cita g\u013cots\u0113\u0146u suga tik uzskat\u0101mi un liel\u0101s plat\u012bb\u0101s ar s\u0113n\u0113m nebarojas. Baro\u0161an\u0101s proces\u0101 plazmodijs p\u0101rvietojas, ple\u0161as liel\u0101ks vai samazin\u0101s.\u00a0Latvij\u0101 nov\u0113rots, ka dienas laik\u0101 plazmodijs p\u0101rvietojies pat par 20\u00a0centimetriem.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\n

Kad ir gana pa\u0113dusi, v\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012bte veido lodveida l\u012bdz pilienveid\u012bgus aug\u013c\u0137erme\u0146us, kas pa vair\u0101kiem kop\u0101 kar\u0101jas dzelten\u012bg\u0101s, gar\u0101s, pavedienveid\u012bg\u0101s k\u0101ji\u0146\u0101s.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Nobriestot aug\u013c\u0137erme\u0146i maina kr\u0101su no dzeltenas, dzeltenoran\u017eas uz br\u016bn\u0101ku, l\u012bdz pat gandr\u012bz melnai kr\u0101sai, sporu stadij\u0101 k\u013c\u016bstot pel\u0113ki un mazliet zaigojo\u0161i.<\/p>\n

\"V\u012bnog\u0137ekaruV\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012bte<\/p>\n

Foto: Dace Vevere<\/p>\n

\"V\u012bnog\u0137ekaruV\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012bte<\/p>\n

Foto: Ing\u016bna Rizeva<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

S\u0101k augt v\u0113lu ruden\u012b<\/p>\n

G\u013cots\u0113n\u0113m ir sezon\u0101ls raksturs, un v\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012bte ir viena no retaj\u0101m sug\u0101m, kas tipiski s\u0101k augt tikai v\u0113l\u0101 ruden\u012b. \u0160\u012b g\u013cots\u0113ne labpr\u0101t barojas ar s\u0113n\u0113m, kas ir \u013coti saprotami, jo, lai ar t\u0101m barotos, s\u0113n\u0113m vispirms j\u0101pag\u016bst izaugt. Plazmodija stadij\u0101 un ar jauniem aug\u013c\u0137erme\u0146iem v\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012bte ir nov\u0113rota galvenok\u0101rt oktobr\u012b un novembr\u012b, bet silt\u0101k\u0101s ziem\u0101s ar\u012b decembr\u012b un janv\u0101r\u012b; nobriedusi var saglab\u0101ties visu ziemu, retumis l\u012bdz pat vasaras s\u0101kumam.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Atkar\u012bb\u0101 no laika apst\u0101k\u013ciem t\u0101 var nobriest ned\u0113\u013cas l\u012bdz p\u0101ris m\u0113ne\u0161u laik\u0101. Uzn\u0101kot salam, att\u012bst\u012bba apst\u0101jas, bet silt\u0101k\u0101 laik\u0101 var atkal turpin\u0101ties. Plazmodija stadij\u0101 nelabv\u0113l\u012bgu apst\u0101k\u013cu p\u0101rlai\u0161anai izveidojas ciets sklerocijs \u2013 saciet\u0113jusi s\u0113\u0146otne. Pasaul\u0113 ir bijis gad\u012bjums, kad atdz\u012bvin\u0101ts vair\u0101k nek\u0101 100\u00a0gadus saus\u0101 kast\u012bt\u0113 nogul\u0113jis \u0161\u012bs sugas sklerocijs.<\/p>\n

\n

Uz pavasara pusi atrast\u0101s v\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012btes, kas jau visas tum\u0161i br\u016bn\u0101s sporas izbirdin\u0101ju\u0161as, atg\u0101dina stri\u0137\u012b\u0161os iek\u0101rtus sapl\u012bsu\u0161us baltus balonus.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Latviskais sugas nosaukums “v\u012bnog\u0137ekaru” dots p\u0113c Ivara Leima\u0146a ierosin\u0101juma, v\u0113rojot v\u012bnogu \u0137ekariem l\u012bdz\u012bg\u0101s aug\u013ckopas. Savuk\u0101rt \u0123ints nosaukums “dzelksn\u012btes” tapis p\u0113c Sanda Laimes ierosin\u0101juma, piev\u0113r\u0161ot uzman\u012bbu aug\u013c\u0137erme\u0146u iek\u0161\u0113j\u0101m strukt\u016br\u0101m, kapil\u012bcijam<\/a> (\u0161\u0137iedrveid\u012bga strukt\u016bra, kas savijusies ar sporu), kas atg\u0101dina s\u012bkus baltus dzelksn\u012b\u0161us.<\/p>\n

Viegli ieraug\u0101ma suga <\/p>\n

G\u013cots\u0113nes sugas noteik\u0161anai nereti nepiecie\u0161ams mikroskopiski izp\u0113t\u012bt t\u0101s iek\u0161\u0113j\u0101s strukt\u016bras, ar\u012b sporas. Dzelksn\u012btes ir viena no retaj\u0101m g\u013cots\u0113\u0146u \u0123int\u012bm, kuru sugu sporas m\u0113dz grup\u0113ties. V\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012btes sporas m\u0113dz apvienoties 7\u201310\u00a0sporu grup\u0101s, tom\u0113r grupas viegli izj\u016bk.<\/p>\n

Lai ar\u012b katrs atsevi\u0161\u0137ais aug\u013c\u0137ermenis ir \u013coti mazs, t\u0101 diametrs ir tikai 0,5\u20131,5 mm, kop\u0113jais nobriedu\u0161as v\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012btes p\u0101rkl\u0101tais laukums var sasniegt plaukstas lielumu un pat v\u0113l liel\u0101ku plat\u012bbu. T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di to var pieskait\u012bt pie sal\u012bdzino\u0161i viegli ieraug\u0101m\u0101m sug\u0101m. Savuk\u0101rt rakstur\u012bgais izskats\u00a0\u2014 v\u012bnog\u0101m l\u012bdz\u012bgie aug\u013c\u0137erme\u0146u sakopojumi \u013cengan\u0101s, nokaren\u0101s k\u0101ji\u0146\u0101s\u00a0\u2014 \u013cauj v\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012bti dro\u0161i atpaz\u012bt un nesajaukt ar cit\u0101m g\u013cots\u0113\u0146u sug\u0101m ar\u012b bez iek\u0161\u0113jo strukt\u016bru p\u0113t\u012b\u0161anas.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\n

V\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012bte ir kosmopol\u012btiska suga, kas sastopama daudzviet pasaul\u0113; Latvij\u0101 t\u0101 ir vid\u0113ji bie\u017ei redzama.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Visbie\u017e\u0101k atrodama jauktu koku me\u017eos uz nedz\u012bviem da\u017e\u0101du sugu kokiem, kurus apaugu\u0161as s\u0113nes, ret\u0101k uz sausok\u0146iem. Var b\u016bt gan uz gu\u013co\u0161\u0101m, gan sl\u012bp\u0101m krital\u0101m, ar\u012b uz nokaltu\u0161iem zariem acu augstum\u0101 vai v\u0113l augst\u0101k, t\u0101p\u0113c, lai \u0161o g\u013cots\u0113ni atrastu, ne vienm\u0113r j\u0101r\u0101po pa zemi. Svar\u012bg\u0101kais \u0161\u012bs g\u013cots\u0113\u0146u sugas aug\u0161anai var\u0113tu b\u016bt s\u0113\u0146u kl\u0101tb\u016btne. T\u0101 labpr\u0101t cien\u0101jas ar da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m fl\u0113bij\u0101m (uz kokiem augo\u0161u piepju s\u0113\u0146u \u0123ints), piep\u0113m, s\u012bkpiep\u0113m, receklen\u0113m, ar\u012b ar lazdu br\u016bnsv\u0101rceni.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Pirmo reizi nov\u0113rota 1934. gad\u0101, bet nav atpaz\u012bta <\/p>\n

Pasaul\u0113 praktiz\u0113 g\u013cots\u0113\u0146u audz\u0113\u0161anu ar\u012b m\u0101jas apst\u0101k\u013cos. V\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012bte esot pateic\u012bga suga, jo viegli barojama ar da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m koksnes s\u0113n\u0113m.<\/p>\n

Lai ar\u012b Latvij\u0101 sen\u0101kais apzin\u0101tais nov\u0113rojums fiks\u0113ts 1934.\u00a0gada novembr\u012b Sauk\u0101 (to atrada topo\u0161ais entomologs Vilhelms Tum\u0161s), s\u0101kotn\u0113ji tas tika noteikts k\u0101 Badhamia macrocarpa (liel\u0101 dzelksn\u012bte). V\u0101kums tika p\u0101rnoteikts k\u0101 B.utricularis (v\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012bte) tikai 70\u00a0gadus v\u0113l\u0101k\u00a0\u2014 2005. gad\u0101, kad lietuvie\u0161u mikolo\u0123e Gra\u017eina Adamon\u012bte un latvie\u0161u mikologs Edgars Vimba kop\u012bgi veica bot\u0101ni\u0137a un da\u017e\u0101du sugu grupu paraugu kolekcion\u0101ra K\u0101r\u013ca Starca iev\u0101kt\u0101 un apkopot\u0101 materi\u0101la rev\u012bziju. T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di Latvij\u0101 par v\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012btes esam\u012bbu uzzin\u0101ts tikai \u0161aj\u0101 gadsimt\u0101.<\/p>\n

N\u0101kamais apzin\u0101tais \u0161\u012bs sugas zi\u0146ojums ir tikai 2016.\u00a0gad\u0101, bet l\u012bdz 2025.\u00a0gada beig\u0101m port\u0101l\u0101 Dabasdati.lv pavisam ir biju\u0161i 130\u00a0zi\u0146ojumi. J\u0101atz\u012bm\u0113, ka no visiem g\u013cots\u0113\u0146u zi\u0146ot\u0101jiem vismaz vienu v\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012bti zi\u0146ojis katrs dev\u012btais.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\n

Liel\u0101koties \u0161\u012bs sugas atradumi ir nejau\u0161i, jo t\u0101 sezon\u0101 aug tik v\u0113lu,\u00a0kad sistem\u0101tiski g\u013cots\u0113\u0146u apsekojumi notiek reti,\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

t\u0101p\u0113c par sugas rakstur\u012bg\u0101kaj\u0101m aug\u0161anas viet\u0101m, biotopiem un substr\u0101tu piln\u012bgas skaidr\u012bbas nav. Toties t\u0101 var aiz\u0146emt lielas plat\u012bbas un b\u016bt labi iev\u0113rojama, to var palaim\u0113ties atrast ar\u012b pavisam ies\u0101c\u0113jiem. T\u0101p\u0113c katra zi\u0146ojuma par atradumu b\u016bs \u013coti v\u0113rt\u012bgs, \u012bpa\u0161i, ja tas tiks papildin\u0101ts ar inform\u0101ciju par aug\u0161anas vietu, biotopu un substr\u0101tu. \u0160is ir ar\u012b viens no retajiem gada simboliem un g\u013cots\u0113\u0146u sug\u0101m, ko iesp\u0113jams atrast uzreiz p\u0113c izzi\u0146o\u0161anas, \u2014 ziema nav \u0161\u0137\u0113rslis, lai dotos dab\u0101 un iepaz\u012btu t\u0101s daudzveid\u012bbu.<\/p>\n

Gada g\u013cots\u0113ne tika izv\u0113l\u0113ta “Facebook” grupas “G\u013cots\u0113\u0146u apbr\u012bnot\u0101jiem un p\u0113tniekiem” dal\u012bbnieku balsojum\u0101, izv\u0113loties vienu no septi\u0146\u0101m kandidat\u016br\u0101m, kuras ar\u012b pirms tam var\u0113ja izvirz\u012bt \u0161\u012bs grupas dal\u012bbnieki.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Par v\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012btes, k\u0101 ar\u012b citu sugu g\u013cots\u0113\u0146u nov\u0113rojumiem aicina zi\u0146ot port\u0101l\u0101 Dabasdati.lv<\/a>, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di pal\u012bdzot apzin\u0101t sugu izplat\u012bbu un ekolo\u0123iju. Ar savu atradumu fotogr\u0101fij\u0101m un inform\u0101ciju var dal\u012bties ar\u012b Facebook grup\u0101 “G\u013cots\u0113\u0146u apbr\u012bnot\u0101jiem un p\u0113tniekiem<\/a>“.<\/p>\n

Visu nu jau vair\u0101k nek\u0101 300\u00a0Latvij\u0101 zin\u0101mo g\u013cots\u0113\u0146u sugu sarakstu, k\u0101 ar\u012b foto un nelielus aprakstus latvie\u0161u valod\u0101 katrai sugai var atrast lap\u0101 glotsenes.dziedava.lv<\/a>\u00a0; \u0161eit ir pieejama ar\u012b g\u013cots\u0113\u0146u noteik\u0161anas atsl\u0113ga.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Par 2026. gada g\u013cots\u0113ni izraudz\u012bta v\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012bte Badhamia utricularis inform\u0113ja Latvijas Mikologu biedr\u012bba. V\u012bnog\u0137ekaru dzelksn\u012bte barojas ar koksnes…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":94957,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[23,28,29,32,33,22,30,31,35,39,38,36,37,34,40,20,26,27,24,25,21],"class_list":{"0":"post-94956","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-aktualitates","8":"tag-aktualitates","9":"tag-breaking-news","10":"tag-breakingnews","11":"tag-featured-news","12":"tag-featurednews","13":"tag-headlines","14":"tag-latest-news","15":"tag-latestnews","16":"tag-latvia","17":"tag-latvian","18":"tag-latviesu","19":"tag-latviesu-valoda","20":"tag-latviesuvaloda","21":"tag-latvija","22":"tag-lv","23":"tag-news","24":"tag-popularakas-zinas","25":"tag-popularakaszinas","26":"tag-top-stories","27":"tag-topstories","28":"tag-zinas"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@lv\/115841823132420618","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94956","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=94956"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94956\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/94957"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=94956"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=94956"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=94956"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}