Miercuri, 01 Iulie 2026, ora 19:51<\/p>\n
1869 citiri<\/p>\n
Sub microscop, noua crea\u021bie a cercet\u0103torilor nu arat\u0103 spectaculos, pentru c\u0103 pare doar o mic\u0103 forma\u021biune \u00eenchis\u0103 \u00eentr-o membran\u0103. \u00cen interiorul ei se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 \u00eens\u0103 ceva f\u0103r\u0103 precedent. Sistemul \u00ee\u0219i copiaz\u0103 ADN-ul, produce proteine, cre\u0219te \u0219i se divide \u00een celule-fiice, de\u0219i toate componentele sale au fost asamblate separat \u00een laborator.<\/p>\n
Echipa condus\u0103 de Kate Adamala, biolog sintetic la Universitatea din Minnesota, a construit celula folosind molecule biologice introduse \u00eentr-un lipozom, o structur\u0103 goal\u0103 \u00eenconjurat\u0103 de o membran\u0103 lipidic\u0103. Rezultatul nu este considerat o form\u0103 de via\u021b\u0103 propriu-zis\u0103, deoarece nu poate supravie\u021bui singur \u0219i trebuie alimentat constant cu substan\u021be \u0219i ribozomi.<\/p>\n
Totu\u0219i, cercet\u0103torii care au participat la studiu consider\u0103 reu\u0219ita unul dintre cei mai importan\u021bi pa\u0219i f\u0103cu\u021bi p\u00e2n\u0103 acum c\u0103tre construirea vie\u021bii din componente ne\u00eensufle\u021bite.<\/p>\n
Problema care blocase domeniul era diviziunea<\/p>\n
Celula artificial\u0103 are un genom foarte mic \u0219i nu con\u021bine genele necesare pentru un metabolism complet. Pentru a o men\u021bine activ\u0103, cercet\u0103torii au creat alte vezicule \u00eenc\u0103rcate cu zaharuri, lipide, enzime, ARN de transfer \u0219i ribozomi. Aceste \u201epachete de aprovizionare\u201d se lipesc de membran\u0103 \u0219i \u00ee\u0219i elibereaz\u0103 con\u021binutul \u00een interior.<\/p>\n
Mai multe echipe reu\u0219iser\u0103 anterior s\u0103 fac\u0103 celule sintetice s\u0103 creasc\u0103 sau s\u0103-\u0219i copieze ADN-ul. \u00cemp\u0103r\u021birea lor controlat\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2nea \u00eens\u0103 mult mai dificil\u0103, deoarece celulele naturale folosesc un citoschelet complex pentru a-\u0219i organiza con\u021binutul \u0219i a se separa.<\/p>\n
Cercet\u0103torii au modificat o protein\u0103 din membran\u0103 astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 atrag\u0103 alte proteine \u00eentr-o singur\u0103 zon\u0103. Acestea s-au aglomerat, au curbat membrana \u0219i au for\u021bat celula s\u0103 se alungeasc\u0103, s\u0103 se stranguleze la mijloc \u0219i s\u0103 se despart\u0103.<\/p>\n
Echipa a introdus apoi varia\u021bii genetice artificiale \u0219i a observat c\u0103 celulele care cre\u0219teau mai mari produceau mai mul\u021bi descenden\u021bi, iar aceste tr\u0103s\u0103turi deveneau mai r\u0103sp\u00e2ndite. Procesul seam\u0103n\u0103 cu \u00eenceputul evolu\u021biei, dar nu reprezint\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 selec\u021bie natural\u0103 autentic\u0103, deoarece muta\u021biile nu apar spontan.<\/p>\n
Sistemul are \u0219i alte limite. Nu \u00ee\u0219i poate produce propriii ribozomi, elimin\u0103 greu de\u0219eurile, nu se ap\u0103r\u0103 \u0219i nu se poate reproduce pe termen lung f\u0103r\u0103 interven\u021bie extern\u0103.<\/p>\n
\u021ai-a pl\u0103cut articolul?<\/p>\n
Vrem s\u0103 producem mai multe, \u00eens\u0103 avem nevoie de sus\u021binerea ta. Orice dona\u021bie conteaz\u0103 pentru jurnalismul independent <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Miercuri, 01 Iulie 2026, ora 19:51 1869 citiri Sub microscop, noua crea\u021bie a cercet\u0103torilor nu arat\u0103 spectaculos, pentru…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":221619,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[12],"tags":[7295,32,33,31,36,37,27,74,34,35,25,41,40,38,39,192,26,124,28,29,30,71,72,73],"class_list":["post-221618","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-international","tag-adn","tag-breaking-news","tag-breakingnews","tag-cele-mai-populare-subiecte","tag-featured-news","tag-featurednews","tag-headlines","tag-international","tag-latest-news","tag-latestnews","tag-news","tag-ro","tag-romana","tag-romania","tag-romanian","tag-stiinta","tag-stiri","tag-tehnologie","tag-titluri","tag-top-stories","tag-topstories","tag-world","tag-world-news","tag-worldnews"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@ro\/116852498938054340","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/221618","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=221618"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/221618\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/221619"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=221618"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=221618"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=221618"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}