The Conversation<\/a>, a explicat \u0219i cum este cest lucru posibil.<\/p>\n\u201eC\u00e2nd faci un viraj la st\u00e2nga, trebuie s\u0103 traversezi traficul din sens opus. Dac\u0103 apreciezi gre\u0219it momentul, po\u021bi lovi sau po\u021bi fi lovit de un vehicul care vine din fa\u021b\u0103. Acesta este unul dintre cele mai periculoase tipuri de accidente\u201d, a precizat profesorul Gayah.<\/p>\n
Cum un drum mai lung poate dura, \u00een fapt, mai pu\u021bin <\/p>\n
Un viraj la st\u00e2nga, pe drumurile din \u021b\u0103rile \u00een care se circul\u0103 pe partea dreapt\u0103, poate \u00eencetini circula\u021bia. \u0218oferii care vireaz\u0103 la st\u00e2nga trebuie s\u0103 traverseze benzile de circula\u021bie ale sensului opus, dar \u0219i s\u0103 fie aten\u021bi la pietoni \u0219i bicicli\u0219ti. Din acest motiv, \u00eentr-o singur\u0103 manevr\u0103 apar mai multe puncte de conflict dec\u00e2t \u00een cazul unui viraj la dreapta. Riscul de accidente cre\u0219te, iar o ma\u0219in\u0103 care a\u0219teapt\u0103 c\u00e2teva secunde pentru a g\u0103si un moment sigur de traversare poate bloca rapid coloanele din spate. Efectul se poate propaga \u00een \u00eentreaga intersec\u021bie.<\/p>\n
publicitate”); background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat;”><\/p>\n
Pentru a rezolva astfel de probleme, speciali\u0219tii propun, printre solu\u021bii, drumul \u00een fa\u021b\u0103 \u0219i ulterior virajul la dreapta sau amenajarea unui punct special pentru \u00eentoarcere. Astfel, un traseu cu c\u00e2teva sute de metri mai lung, dar care te scap\u0103 de blocaje, \u00een fapt se traduce \u00een timp mai scurt petrecut \u00een trafic.<\/p>\n
\u201eChiar dac\u0103 \u0219oferii parcurg uneori o distan\u021b\u0103 pu\u021bin mai mare, fiecare intersec\u021bie f\u0103r\u0103 viraje la st\u00e2nga poate prelua mai multe vehicule. Asta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 timpul de a\u0219teptare scade, iar \u00een final ajungi mai repede la destina\u021bie\u201d, explic\u0103 profesorul Gayah, potrivit sursei citate.<\/p>\n
Cum se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 asta? Semafoarele au nevoie de mai pu\u021bine faze dedicate, iar intersec\u021biile pot procesa un num\u0103r mai mare de vehicule \u00eentr-un timp mai scurt.<\/p>\n
M\u0103sura, aplicat\u0103 cu succes de o companie de curierat<\/p>\n
Strategia de a evita virajele la st\u00e2nga s-a dovedit eficient\u0103, de exemplu, pentru compania american\u0103 de curierat UPC. Software-ul companiei planific\u0103, de peste un deceniu, rutele astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t \u0219oferii s\u0103 evite, pe c\u00e2t posibil, virajele la st\u00e2nga, ceea ce a dus la economisirea a milioane de litri de combustibil anual, emisii mai mici de CO2 \u0219i, foarte important, num\u0103r redus de accidente. Modelul fost studiat inclusiv de c\u0103tre autorit\u0103\u021bile care proiecteaz\u0103 infrastructura rutier\u0103, cercet\u0103rile indic\u00e2nd, potrivit profesorului Gayah, c\u0103 reducerea timpului petrecut cu motorul la ralanti \u0219i eliminarea acceler\u0103rilor repetate pot diminua consumul de carburant.<\/p>\n
\u201eStudiile noastre au ar\u0103tat c\u0103 vehiculele consum\u0103 cu aproximativ 10-15% mai pu\u021bin combustibil pe curs\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd sunt eliminate virajele la st\u00e2nga, chiar dac\u0103 traseele sunt u\u0219or mai lungi\u201d, a mai spus specialistul.<\/p>\n
Cine aplic\u0103 solu\u021bia <\/p>\n
Deja restric\u021biile privind virajele la st\u00e2nga se aplic\u0103 \u00een ora\u0219e mari precum New York, Salt Lake City sau San Francisco, unde anumite intersec\u021bii permit aceast\u0103 manevr\u0103 doar \u00een anumite intervale orare sau o interzic complet.<\/p>\n
publicitate”); background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat;”><\/p>\n
\u00cen statul Michigan este folosit de zeci de ani sistemul cunoscut sub denumirea de \u201eMichigan Left\u201d, prin care \u0219oferii merg \u00eenainte, fac un viraj \u00een U \u00eentr-o zon\u0103 special amenajat\u0103 \u0219i apoi vireaz\u0103 la dreapta. Studiile autorit\u0103\u021bilor americane au ar\u0103tat c\u0103 aceast\u0103 solu\u021bie reduce semnificativ num\u0103rul accidentelor grave din intersec\u021bii.<\/p>\n
Care ar fi dezavantajele <\/p>\n
M\u0103sura nu este doar l\u0103udat\u0103, ci a adunat \u0219i critici. Cei care sunt astfel obliga\u021bi s\u0103 parcurg\u0103 distan\u021be mai mari nu v\u0103d \u00een primul r\u00e2nd avantajele. M\u0103sura, de asemenea, este greu de aplicat \u00een zonele \u00een care nu exist\u0103 spa\u021bii pentru \u00eentoarcere. Recomandarea ar fi, de altfel, ca decizia s\u0103 fie adoptat\u0103 doar \u00een intersec\u021biile pentru care studiile de trafic arat\u0103 beneficii clare.<\/p>\n
Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce intersec\u021biile devin tot mai aglomerate, limitarea virajelor la st\u00e2nga devine \u00eens\u0103 o solu\u021bie de luat \u00een seam\u0103, chiar \u0219i pentru ora\u0219ele mari din Rom\u00e2nia, care se confrunt\u0103 zilnic cu blocaje. Un impediment ar putea fi faptul c\u0103 str\u0103zile nu sunt la fel de largi precum cele din Statele Unite, ceea ce face posibilit\u0103\u021bile de \u00eentoarcere limitate.<\/p>\n
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\u0219oferi, \u00eens\u0103 speciali\u0219tii \u00een siguran\u021b\u0103 rutier\u0103 \u00eel consider\u0103 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