{"id":71502,"date":"2025-12-22T11:57:07","date_gmt":"2025-12-22T11:57:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/71502\/"},"modified":"2025-12-22T11:57:07","modified_gmt":"2025-12-22T11:57:07","slug":"tarile-postcomuniste-imbatranesc-inainte-de-a-se-imbogati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/71502\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201e\u021a\u0103rile postcomuniste \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nesc \u00eenainte de a se \u00eembog\u0103\u021bi\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"p1\" id=\"p-0\">Schimb\u0103rile demografice vor reduce nivelul de trai \u00een mari p\u0103r\u021bi ale Europei \u0219i \u00een alte p\u0103r\u021bi ale lumii, pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce guvernele se confrunt\u0103 cu presiuni tot mai mari de a implementa politici controversate, cum ar fi cre\u0219terea v\u00e2rstei de <a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gandul.ro\/actualitate\/bani-in-plus-la-pensie-in-2026-pensionarii-care-se-vor-bucura-de-venituri-mai-mari-de-anul-viitor-20748566\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">pensionare<\/a>, avertizeaz\u0103 un raport al BERD, <a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/3a675f7f-ff46-4b8d-9744-08dfed18d23a\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">redat de Financial Times<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" id=\"p-1\">Se preconizeaz\u0103 c\u0103 sc\u0103derea fertilit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i a popula\u021biei active va reduce cre\u0219terea anual\u0103 a PIB-ului pe cap de locuitor cu aproape 0,4 puncte procentuale, \u00een medie, \u00eentre 2024 \u0219i 2050, \u00een Europa de Est \u0219i Caucaz, potrivit unui raport al B\u0103ncii Europene pentru Reconstruc\u021bie \u0219i Dezvoltare.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" id=\"p-2\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-20748596 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/https:\/\/www.gandul.ro\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/1764177141257.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"956\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>Studiul creditorului interna\u021bional se concentreaz\u0103 \u00een principal pe \u021b\u0103rile europene \u201eemergente\u201d \u00een care investe\u0219te, precum Polonia, Bulgaria \u0219i Slovenia, dar \u00ee\u0219i extinde analiza \u0219i la mai multe economii avansate, unde efectele \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nirii popula\u021biei vor fi mai accentuate.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" id=\"p-3\">Se preconizeaz\u0103 c\u0103 o sc\u0103dere a ponderii popula\u021biei apt\u0103 de munc\u0103 va duce la o sc\u0103dere de 1,1 puncte procentuale a PIB-ului pe cap de locuitor \u00een aceea\u0219i perioad\u0103 pentru Coreea de Sud, peste 0,7 puncte procentuale pentru Italia \u0219i Spania, 0,5-0,6 puncte procentuale pentru China \u0219i Japonia \u0219i 0,4 puncte procentuale pentru Germania.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" id=\"p-4\">\u201eEuropa emergent\u0103 \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2ne\u0219te. Fertilitatea sc\u0103zut\u0103 \u0219i o for\u021b\u0103 de munc\u0103 \u00een sc\u0103dere vor afecta din ce \u00een ce mai mult perspectivele sale de cre\u0219tere\u201d, a declarat Beata Javorcik, economistul-\u0219ef al BERD.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" id=\"p-5\">Cre\u0219terea v\u00e2rstei de pensionare \u0219i valorificarea migra\u021biei, inova\u021biei \u0219i tehnologiei pentru a sus\u021bine prosperitatea ar putea compensa par\u021bial aceast\u0103 tendin\u021b\u0103, \u00eens\u0103 influen\u021ba politic\u0103 cresc\u00e2nd\u0103 a aleg\u0103torilor mai \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 ar putea \u00eempiedica astfel de reforme, a avertizat ea. Fran\u021ba a trebuit recent s\u0103 suspende reformele de cre\u0219tere a v\u00e2rstei de pensionare de la 62 la 64 de ani, \u00een fa\u021ba unei opozi\u021bii acerbe. \u0218i alte guverne se confrunt\u0103 cu o rezisten\u021b\u0103 similar\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 de politicile concepute pentru a aborda crizele lor demografice.<\/p>\n<p>\u0218i OCDE a lansat acela\u0219i tip de avertisment<\/p>\n<p id=\"p-6\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-20748605 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/https:\/\/www.gandul.ro\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/https___www-gandul-ro__wp-content_uploads_2025_12_.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"394\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" id=\"p-7\">Studiul BERD repet\u0103 un avertisment lansat de la \u00eenceputul acestui an de OCDE, care a estimat c\u0103 presiunea demografic\u0103 va reduce cre\u0219terea PIB-ului pe cap de locuitor \u00een cele 38 de \u021b\u0103ri de la 1% pe an \u00een anii 2010 la 0,6% pe an, \u00een medie, \u00een perioada 2024-2060.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" id=\"p-8\">BERD sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 42% dintre persoanele de peste 65 de ani, majoritatea din regiunile \u00een care investe\u0219te, ar dori ca guvernele s\u0103 acorde prioritate cheltuielilor publice pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate \u0219i 25% pentru pensii, \u00eens\u0103 doar 18% au men\u021bionat educa\u021bia. Aleg\u0103torii mai \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 au, de asemenea, un sentiment anti-imigra\u021bie mai puternic, at\u00e2t \u00een regiunile BERD, c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een economiile europene avansate.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eAcum este momentul s\u0103 ac\u021bion\u0103m\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" id=\"p-9\">\u201eAcum este momentul s\u0103 ac\u021bion\u0103m, \u00eenainte ca demografia s\u0103 v\u0103 blocheze op\u021biunile. Deoarece s-ar putea crea aceast\u0103 spiral\u0103 pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce aleg\u0103torii \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nesc, pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce liderii \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nesc, ace\u0219tia sunt mai interesa\u021bi de problemele de interes pentru v\u00e2rstnici, \u00een special pensiile, \u0219i, prin urmare, devine mai greu s\u0103 se fac\u0103 reforme ale pensiilor\u201d, a spus Javorcik.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" id=\"p-10\">Inteligen\u021ba artificial\u0103 ar putea genera c\u00e2\u0219tiguri semnificative ale productivit\u0103\u021bii, dar este pu\u021bin probabil ca acestea s\u0103 compenseze complet impactul presiunilor demografice asupra cre\u0219terii economice \u00een regiunile BERD, se arat\u0103 \u00een studiu.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" id=\"p-11\">Studiul a estimat c\u0103 IA ar putea oferi, \u00een medie, aproximativ jum\u0103tate din cre\u0219terea productivit\u0103\u021bii necesar\u0103 \u00een economiile BERD din UE, \u00eentr-un scenariu cu impact ridicat. BERD define\u0219te Europa Emergent\u0103 ca fiind Europa de Est, inclusiv Moldova; Balcanii de Vest, inclusiv Albania, Kosovo \u0219i Muntenegru; \u0219i Caucazul, inclusiv Armenia \u0219i Georgia.<\/p>\n<p>\u201e\u021a\u0103rile postcomuniste \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nesc \u00eenainte de a se \u00eembog\u0103\u021bi\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"p-12\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-20748606 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/https:\/\/www.gandul.ro\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/https___www-gandul-ro__wp-content_uploads_2024_12_.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"394\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" id=\"p-13\">Fertilitatea a fost \u00een sc\u0103dere persistent\u0103 \u00een regiunile BERD, ajung\u00e2nd la niveluri istoric sc\u0103zute \u00een multe economii \u0219i cu mult sub nivelul de \u00eenlocuire de 2,1 copii per femeie, stabilit atunci c\u00e2nd popula\u021biile se stabilizeaz\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 imigra\u021bie. Ca \u0219i \u00een economiile avansate, aceste sc\u0103deri reflect\u0103 \u00eent\u00e2rzierea na\u0219terii, schimbarea tiparelor de c\u0103s\u0103torie, presiunile economice \u0219i evolu\u021bia normelor sociale.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" id=\"p-14\">Cu toate acestea, \u021b\u0103rile postcomuniste \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nesc \u00eenainte de a se \u00eembog\u0103\u021bi, se arat\u0103 \u00een raport, \u00eendemn\u00e2nd factorii de decizie politic\u0103 s\u0103 ac\u021bioneze cu \u201ecuraj \u0219i viziune pe termen lung\u201d pentru a asigura prosperitatea tinerilor.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" id=\"p-15\">\u201eTinerii sunt cei care vor suporta consecin\u021bele deciziilor luate ast\u0103zi, fie c\u0103 este vorba de achitarea datoriei publice sau de sus\u021binerea sistemelor de pensii\u201d, a spus Javorcik. \u201eCeea ce trebuie s\u0103 face\u021bi este s\u0103 \u00eencepe\u021bi schimb\u0103rile acum.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"p-16\">RECOMAND\u0102RILE AUTORULUI<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Schimb\u0103rile demografice vor reduce nivelul de trai \u00een mari p\u0103r\u021bi ale Europei \u0219i \u00een alte p\u0103r\u021bi ale lumii,&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":71503,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[25682,32,33,31,16648,23251,36,37,27,74,34,35,25,9925,3573,41,40,38,39,26,2475,6523,28,29,30,3574,71,72,73],"class_list":{"0":"post-71502","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-international","8":"tag-berd","9":"tag-breaking-news","10":"tag-breakingnews","11":"tag-cele-mai-populare-subiecte","12":"tag-comunism","13":"tag-demografie","14":"tag-featured-news","15":"tag-featurednews","16":"tag-headlines","17":"tag-international","18":"tag-latest-news","19":"tag-latestnews","20":"tag-news","21":"tag-ocde","22":"tag-pensionare","23":"tag-ro","24":"tag-romana","25":"tag-romania","26":"tag-romanian","27":"tag-stiri","28":"tag-studiu","29":"tag-tineri","30":"tag-titluri","31":"tag-top-stories","32":"tag-topstories","33":"tag-varsta","34":"tag-world","35":"tag-world-news","36":"tag-worldnews"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@ro\/115763101369200724","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71502","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71502"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71502\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/71503"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71502"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71502"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71502"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}