{"id":106892,"date":"2026-06-24T17:18:17","date_gmt":"2026-06-24T17:18:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/106892\/"},"modified":"2026-06-24T17:18:17","modified_gmt":"2026-06-24T17:18:17","slug":"povrchu-mesiaca-europa-chyba-nieco-co-je-specificke-pre-vela-objektov-v-sustave-prave-to-by-mohlo-potvrdit-existenciu-oceanu-pod-povrchom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/106892\/","title":{"rendered":"Povrchu mesiaca Eur\u00f3pa ch\u00fdba nie\u010do, \u010do je \u0161pecifick\u00e9 pre ve\u013ea objektov v s\u00fastave: Pr\u00e1ve to by mohlo potvrdi\u0165 existenciu oce\u00e1nu pod povrchom"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ke\u010f astron\u00f3movia sk\u00famaj\u00fa povrch plan\u00e9t a mesiacov, \u010dasto sa pozeraj\u00fa na jednu zdanlivo oby\u010dajn\u00fa vec, kr\u00e1tery. Pr\u00e1ve tie toti\u017e prezr\u00e1dzaj\u00fa vek povrchu. \u010c\u00edm viac jaziev po n\u00e1razoch vesm\u00edrnych telies sa na povrchu nach\u00e1dza, t\u00fdm dlh\u0161ie zostal bez v\u00fdrazn\u00fdch zmien.<\/p>\n<p>Jeden z mesiacov Jupitera v\u0161ak takmer \u017eiadne nem\u00e1, \u010do nesed\u00ed do na\u0161ich predst\u00e1v o mesiacoch v Slne\u010dnej s\u00fastave. <a href=\"https:\/\/vosveteit.zoznam.sk\/vedavovrecku\/existuje-moznost-ze-sa-zivot-na-mesiac-europa-dostal-zo-zeme-matematicky-tam-sanca-je-hovori-nova-studia-takto-by-to-vyzeralo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Eur\u00f3pa<\/a>, \u013eadov\u00fd svet s priemerom pribli\u017ene 3 100 kilometrov, patr\u00ed medzi najzauj\u00edmavej\u0161ie objekty celej Slne\u010dnej s\u00fastavy. Vedci u\u017e desa\u0165ro\u010dia predpokladaj\u00fa, \u017ee pod jej zamrznut\u00fdm povrchom sa ukr\u00fdva obrovsk\u00fd oce\u00e1n kvapalnej vody. Teraz z\u00edskali \u010fal\u0161\u00ed siln\u00fd argument, ktor\u00fd t\u00fato predstavu podporil. Povrch Eur\u00f3py toti\u017e vyzer\u00e1 a\u017e podozrivo mlad\u00fd, p\u00ed\u0161e <a href=\"https:\/\/spacedaily.com\/t-europas-surface-is-almost-too-clean-in-a-solar-system-full-of-impactors-an-icy-moon-should-accumulate-scars-for-billions-of-years-yet-europa-has-very-few-the-simplest-explanation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Space Daily.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Kr\u00e1terov je prekvapivo m\u00e1lo<\/p>\n<p>Slne\u010dn\u00e1 s\u00fastava existuje pribli\u017ene 4,5 miliardy rokov. Po\u010das cel\u00e9ho tohto obdobia dopadali na plan\u00e9ty, mesiace a asteroidy nespo\u010detn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00e1 horn\u00edn, kom\u00e9t a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch vesm\u00edrnych telies. Star\u00e9 povrchy preto b\u00fdvaj\u00fa doslova posiate kr\u00e1termi. Eur\u00f3pa v\u0161ak p\u00f4sob\u00ed \u00faplne inak. Sn\u00edmky zo sondy Galileo uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee na jej povrchu sa nach\u00e1dza prekvapivo m\u00e1lo impaktn\u00fdch kr\u00e1terov. Vedci preto dospeli k z\u00e1veru, \u017ee \u013eadov\u00e1 k\u00f4ra, ktor\u00fa dnes vid\u00edme, nevznikla pred miliardami rokov, ale je ove\u013ea mlad\u0161ia.<\/p>\n<p>Odhady hovoria o veku pribli\u017ene 30 a\u017e 90 mili\u00f3nov rokov. V kozmickom meradle ide o ve\u013emi kr\u00e1tke obdobie. Ak by povrch zostal nezmenen\u00fd cel\u00e9 miliardy rokov, mno\u017estvo kr\u00e1terov by bolo neporovnate\u013ene vy\u0161\u0161ie. Nie\u010do ich preto muselo priebe\u017ene vymaza\u0165.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-7549\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" http:=\"\" alt=\"V\u00fdskumn\u00edci pozorovali &quot;chaos&quot; na eur\u00f3pe\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/europa.jpg\"\/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-7549\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/europa.jpg\" alt=\"V\u00fdskumn\u00edci pozorovali &quot;chaos&quot; na eur\u00f3pe\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\"\/><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/jupiter\/jupiter-moons\/europa\/\">Zdroj: NASA\/JPL-Caltech\/SwRI\/MSSS, Kevin M. Gill \u2013 CC BY 3.0<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Eur\u00f3pa obieha okolo <a href=\"https:\/\/vosveteit.zoznam.sk\/vedavovrecku\/jupiter-sa-sprava-ako-velka-antistresova-lopticka-pozri-ako-sa-meni-jeden-z-jeho-najznamejsich-ukazov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Jupitera<\/a> po mierne pretiahnutej dr\u00e1he, pri\u010dom obrovsk\u00e1 gravit\u00e1cia plynn\u00e9ho obra pritom neust\u00e1le deformuje cel\u00fd mesiac. Po\u010das ka\u017ed\u00e9ho obehu sa Eur\u00f3pa mierne natiahne a n\u00e1sledne op\u00e4\u0165 stla\u010d\u00ed. Tento proces vytv\u00e1ra trenie vo vn\u00fatorn\u00fdch vrstv\u00e1ch mesiaca a produkuje teplo. Vedci tento jav ozna\u010duj\u00fa ako slapov\u00e9 zahrievanie.<\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00e1ve tento mechanizmus pravdepodobne zabr\u00e1ni \u00fapln\u00e9mu zamrznutiu vn\u00fatorn\u00fdch vrstiev. Europa by tak mohla ukr\u00fdva\u0165 obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estvo kvapalnej vody aj napriek tomu, \u017ee sa nach\u00e1dza stovky mili\u00f3nov kilometrov od Slnka.<\/p>\n<p>Viac d\u00f4kazov o vode pod \u013eadovou \u0161krupinou<\/p>\n<p>Najsilnej\u0161\u00ed d\u00f4kaz o existencii oce\u00e1nu priniesla op\u00e4\u0165 sonda Galileo. Jej magnetometer zaznamenal zvl\u00e1\u0161tne zmeny magnetick\u00e9ho po\u013ea v okol\u00ed Eur\u00f3py. Vedci zistili, \u017ee pod povrchom sa mus\u00ed nach\u00e1dza\u0165 vrstva schopn\u00e1 vies\u0165 elektrick\u00fd pr\u00fad. Najlep\u0161ie tomuto opisu zodpoved\u00e1 slan\u00e1 kvapaln\u00e1 voda. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 ale treba poveda\u0165 zrejm\u00e9, a to, \u017ee oce\u00e1n zatia\u013e nikto priamo nevidel, jeho existenciu vedci odvodili z fyzik\u00e1lnych meran\u00ed. Napriek tomu patr\u00ed t\u00e1to hypot\u00e9za medzi najpresved\u010divej\u0161ie vysvetlenia.<\/p>\n<p>Ak sa pod \u013eadovou k\u00f4rou skuto\u010dne nach\u00e1dza oce\u00e1n, vysvet\u013euje to aj z\u00e1hadu mlad\u00e9ho povrchu. Fotografie Eur\u00f3py uk\u00e1zali rozsiahle praskliny, dlh\u00e9 hrebene a chaotick\u00e9 oblasti, ktor\u00e9 pripom\u00ednaj\u00fa rozbit\u00e9 kryhy zamrznut\u00e9 na jednom mieste. Povrch p\u00f4sob\u00ed, akoby sa neust\u00e1le menil. Vedci predlo\u017eili nieko\u013eko mo\u017en\u00fdch scen\u00e1rov.<\/p>\n<p>Teplej\u0161\u00ed \u013ead mohol vystupova\u0165 smerom nahor, obrovsk\u00e9 pukliny sa mohli otvori\u0165 a n\u00e1sledne sa zaplnili nov\u00fdm materi\u00e1lom. V ur\u010dit\u00fdch oblastiach sa mohla voda alebo roztopen\u00fd \u013ead dosta\u0165 bli\u017e\u0161ie k povrchu. Niektor\u00e9 pozorovania dokonca nazna\u010dili existenciu gejz\u00edrov, ktor\u00e9 by vystre\u013eovali vodu do vesm\u00edru. Ich existencia v\u0161ak zatia\u013e nedostala definit\u00edvne potvrdenie. Jedna vec v\u0161ak zost\u00e1va pomerne jasn\u00e1. Aktivita prich\u00e1dza zvn\u00fatra mesiaca a postupne zahladzuje stopy po d\u00e1vnych n\u00e1razoch.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-7223\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" http:=\"\" alt=\"V\u00fdskumn\u00edci na\u0161li na dne oce\u00e1nu z\u00e1hadn\u00fd zlat\u00fd objekt\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/voda.jpg\"\/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-7223\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/voda.jpg\" alt=\"V\u00fdskumn\u00edci na\u0161li na dne oce\u00e1nu z\u00e1hadn\u00fd zlat\u00fd objekt\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\"\/><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/photos\/photo-of-underwater-1braZySlEKA\">Zdroj: Unsplash (Jeremy Bishop)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Ve\u013ek\u00e9 n\u00e1deje teraz smeruj\u00fa k sonde Europa Clipper od <a href=\"https:\/\/vosveteit.zoznam.sk\/vedavovrecku\/nasa-vyrazne-meni-priebeh-misie-artemis-iii-historicky-moment-sa-zatial-nekona-uviedol-novy-administrator\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">NASA<\/a>. T\u00e1 od\u0161tartovala v roku 2024 a k Jupiteru doraz\u00ed pribli\u017ene okolo roku 2030. Vedci chc\u00fa zisti\u0165 hr\u00fabku \u013eadovej vrstvy, podrobne zmapova\u0165 povrch a potvrdi\u0165 vlastnosti oce\u00e1nu ukryt\u00e9ho pod n\u00edm. Pom\u00f4c\u0165 m\u00e1 aj eur\u00f3pska misia JUICE, ktor\u00e1 u\u017e mieri k Jupiteru.<\/p>\n<p>Obe sondy by mohli v\u00fdrazne spresni\u0165 na\u0161e poznatky o jednom z najz\u00e1hadnej\u0161\u00edch svetov Slne\u010dnej s\u00fastavy. Europa dnes vyzer\u00e1 ako zamrznut\u00e1 pustatina, no pr\u00e1ve jej ne\u010dakane hladk\u00fd povrch v\u0161ak nazna\u010duje, \u017ee pod vrstvou \u013eadu sa mo\u017eno ukr\u00fdva ove\u013ea dynamickej\u0161\u00ed svet, ne\u017e sa e\u0161te pred nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi desa\u0165ro\u010diami predpokladalo.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Ke\u010f astron\u00f3movia sk\u00famaj\u00fa povrch plan\u00e9t a mesiacov, \u010dasto sa pozeraj\u00fa na jednu zdanlivo oby\u010dajn\u00fa vec, kr\u00e1tery. Pr\u00e1ve tie&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":106893,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[3],"tags":[57,56,36246,55,36247,16054,36248,10133,10449,1352,17704,2936,43,40,42,3106,958],"class_list":["post-106892","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-europa","tag-eu","tag-europa","tag-europa-clipper","tag-europe","tag-hladky-povrch","tag-jupiter","tag-kratery","tag-lad","tag-mesiac","tag-nasa","tag-ocean","tag-podmienky","tag-sk","tag-slovak","tag-slovencina","tag-voda","tag-zivot"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@sk\/116806228785310318","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106892","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=106892"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106892\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/106893"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=106892"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=106892"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=106892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}