{"id":109134,"date":"2026-06-27T05:44:23","date_gmt":"2026-06-27T05:44:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/109134\/"},"modified":"2026-06-27T05:44:23","modified_gmt":"2026-06-27T05:44:23","slug":"choroba-pride-no-liek-nemusi-zabrat-svet-sa-pripravuje-na-problem-ktory-sme-si-roky-nevsimali-zdravie-a-prevencia-zdravie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/109134\/","title":{"rendered":"Choroba pr\u00edde, no liek nemus\u00ed zabra\u0165. Svet sa pripravuje na probl\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd sme si roky nev\u0161\u00edmali – Zdravie a prevencia – Zdravie"},"content":{"rendered":"

Antibiotik\u00e1 patria medzi najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie objavy modernej medic\u00edny. Zachr\u00e1nili mili\u00f3ny \u017eivotov, z\u00a0be\u017en\u00fdch bakteri\u00e1lnych infekci\u00ed urobili lie\u010dite\u013en\u00e9 ochorenia a umo\u017enili bezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie oper\u00e1cie, transplant\u00e1cie \u010di lie\u010dbu rakoviny.<\/p>\n

Len\u017ee ich \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 nie je samozrejmos\u0165. Svet \u010doraz hlasnej\u0161ie upozor\u0148uje na probl\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd sa ne\u0161\u00edri tak vidite\u013ene ako pand\u00e9mia, no jeho n\u00e1sledky m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 rovnako v\u00e1\u017ene, a to antimikrobi\u00e1lna rezistencia.<\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\tNa rozdiel od mojich rovesn\u00edkov zdravo jem, cvi\u010d\u00edm, nepijem alkohol, ale m\u00e1m vysok\u00fd cukor a cholesterol. Ako pred\u00eds\u0165 demotiv\u00e1cii? \t\t\t<\/p>\n

\t \t\t\t Video \t<\/p>\n

Organiz\u00e1cia Project HOPE<\/a> ju zaradila medzi \u0161es\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00fdch zdravotn\u00fdch t\u00e9m, ktor\u00e9 bude v\u00a0roku 2026\u00a0pozorne sledova\u0165.<\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea nej ide o\u00a0jednu z\u00a0najnaliehavej\u0161\u00edch glob\u00e1lnych hrozieb, ktor\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017ee pri ne\u010dinnosti ohrozi\u0165 samotn\u00e9 z\u00e1klady modernej medic\u00edny.<\/p>\n

Antimikrobi\u00e1lna rezistencia znamen\u00e1, \u017ee mikroorganizmy, napr\u00edklad bakt\u00e9rie, v\u00edrusy, huby alebo parazity, prest\u00e1vaj\u00fa reagova\u0165 na lieky, ktor\u00e9 ich predt\u00fdm dok\u00e1zali zni\u010di\u0165 alebo zastavi\u0165. V\u00a0pr\u00edpade antibiot\u00edk sa naj\u010dastej\u0161ie hovor\u00ed o\u00a0bakt\u00e9ri\u00e1ch. Probl\u00e9m nie je v\u00a0tom, \u017ee by sa \u010dlovek stal \u201eodoln\u00fdm\u201c vo\u010di antibiotik\u00e1m. Odoln\u00fdmi sa st\u00e1vaj\u00fa bakt\u00e9rie.<\/p>\n

Ke\u010f sa potom takouto bakt\u00e9riou nakaz\u00edme, lie\u010dba m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 dlh\u0161ia, komplikovanej\u0161ia, drah\u0161ia a v\u00a0najhor\u0161\u00edch pr\u00edpadoch nemus\u00ed fungova\u0165 v\u00f4bec. Svetov\u00e1 zdravotn\u00edcka organiz\u00e1cia upozor\u0148uje<\/a>, \u017ee rezistencia zvy\u0161uje riziko \u0161\u00edrenia chor\u00f4b, \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9ho priebehu, invalidity aj\u00a0smrti.<\/p>\n

Rozmery probl\u00e9mu u\u017e dnes nie s\u00fa teoretick\u00e9. WHO<\/a> uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee bakteri\u00e1lna antimikrobi\u00e1lna rezistencia bola v\u00a0roku 2019\u00a0priamo zodpovedn\u00e1 za pribli\u017ene 1,27\u00a0mili\u00f3na \u00famrt\u00ed a s\u00favisela s\u00a04,95\u00a0mili\u00f3na \u00famrt\u00ed na celom\u00a0svete.<\/p>\n

Rovnak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edsla priniesla aj ve\u013ek\u00e1 anal\u00fdza publikovan\u00e1 v\u00a0\u010dasopise The Lancet<\/a>. Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e predstavovali najm\u00e4 infekcie doln\u00fdch d\u00fdchac\u00edch ciest, infekcie krvi a vn\u00fatrobru\u0161n\u00e9 infekcie. Project HOPE vo svojom v\u00fdh\u013eade pre rok 2026\u00a0pripom\u00edna aj odhad, \u017ee bez r\u00fdchlej reakcie by sa AMR mohla do roku 2050\u00a0pribl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 ku karcin\u00f3mom ako jednej z\u00a0hlavn\u00fdch pr\u00ed\u010din\u00a0\u00famrt\u00ed.<\/p>\n

D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je rozumie\u0165 aj rozdielu medzi bakt\u00e9riami a v\u00edrusmi. Bakt\u00e9rie s\u00fa \u017eiv\u00e9 jednobunkov\u00e9 organizmy a niektor\u00e9 z\u00a0nich m\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobova\u0165 ochorenia, ktor\u00e9 sa lie\u010dia antibiotikami. V\u00edrusy funguj\u00fa inak a sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa napr\u00edklad n\u00e1dchu, chr\u00edpku \u010di v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu be\u017en\u00fdch respira\u010dn\u00fdch infekci\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Antibiotik\u00e1 na v\u00edrusy nezaberaj\u00fa. Americk\u00e9 Centrum pre kontrolu a prevenciu chor\u00f4b<\/a> upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee antibiotik\u00e1 nepom\u00e1haj\u00fa pri prechladnut\u00ed, chr\u00edpke, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine bolest\u00ed hrdla ani pri v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine pr\u00edpadov bronchit\u00eddy. To plat\u00ed aj vtedy, ke\u010f je hlien hust\u00fd, \u017elt\u00fd alebo zelen\u00fd.<\/p>\n

\t \t\t\t\t\t\"diabetik, \t\t\t \t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u010c\u00edtajte viac \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\tCukrovku e\u0161te ma\u0165 nemus\u00edte. Telo v\u00e1s m\u00f4\u017ee varova\u0165 v \u010dase, ke\u010f sa d\u00e1 ve\u013ea zachr\u00e1ni\u0165 \t\t\t\t \t\t\t \t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n

Jedn\u00fdm z\u00a0motorov rezistencie je nespr\u00e1vne u\u017e\u00edvanie antibiot\u00edk. Patr\u00ed sem u\u017e\u00edvanie bez odpor\u00fa\u010dania lek\u00e1ra, tlak na predpis \u201epre istotu\u201c, odkladanie zvy\u0161n\u00fdch tabletiek na \u010fal\u0161iu chorobu, pred\u010dasn\u00e9 ukon\u010denie lie\u010dby alebo u\u017e\u00edvanie antibiot\u00edk pri v\u00edrusov\u00fdch infekci\u00e1ch. Eur\u00f3psky prieskum Eurobarometer<\/a> uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee pribli\u017ene 8\u00a0percent antibiot\u00edk bolo v\u00a0E\u00da u\u017eit\u00fdch bez lek\u00e1rskeho predpisu a ve\u013ek\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed ich pou\u017eila bez opodstatnenia, teda napr\u00edklad pri ochoreniach, pri ktor\u00fdch antibiotik\u00e1 nepom\u00e1haj\u00fa.<\/p>\n

Odborn\u00e9 preh\u013eady<\/a> z\u00e1rove\u0148 upozor\u0148uj\u00fa, \u017ee samolie\u010dba antibiotikami je glob\u00e1lny probl\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd zvy\u0161uje riziko rezistencie aj ne\u017eiaducich reakci\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0Eur\u00f3pe nejde o\u00a0vzdialen\u00fd probl\u00e9m z\u00a0in\u00fdch kontinentov. Eur\u00f3pske centrum pre prevenciu a kontrolu chor\u00f4b odhaduje, \u017ee infekcie sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 bakt\u00e9riami rezistentn\u00fdmi vo\u010di antimikrobi\u00e1lnym liekom si v\u00a0E\u00da\/EHP ka\u017edoro\u010dne vy\u017eiadaj\u00fa viac ako 35-tis\u00edc \u017eivotov. ECDC<\/a> tie\u017e upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee rast rezistentn\u00fdch infekci\u00ed ohrozuje z\u00e1kroky, ktor\u00e9 dnes pova\u017eujeme za be\u017en\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 medic\u00edny, napr\u00edklad oper\u00e1cie, intenz\u00edvnu starostlivos\u0165, lie\u010dbu rakoviny alebo transplant\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n

OECD<\/a> vo svojej spr\u00e1ve uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee v\u00a0krajin\u00e1ch OECD je dnes pribli\u017ene jedna z\u00a0piatich bakteri\u00e1lnych infekci\u00ed rezistentn\u00e1 vo\u010di antibiotickej lie\u010dbe.<\/p>\n

\t \t\t\t\t\t\"sex, \t\t\t \t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u010c\u00edtajte viac \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\tOnkologick\u00e1 lie\u010dba men\u00ed aj sexu\u00e1lny \u017eivot. A\u017e 88 % mu\u017eov po lie\u010dbe rakoviny bojuje s t\u00fdmto int\u00edmnym probl\u00e9mom \t\t\t\t \t\t\t \t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n

Zodpovedn\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edvanie antibiot\u00edk preto nie je moralizovanie, ale praktick\u00e1 ochrana. Antibiotik\u00e1 treba u\u017e\u00edva\u0165 len vtedy, ke\u010f s\u00fa naozaj potrebn\u00e9 a predp\u00edsan\u00e9 zdravotn\u00edkom. Pacient by nemal meni\u0165 d\u00e1vkovanie, skracova\u0165 lie\u010dbu pod\u013ea pocitu ani pon\u00faka\u0165 zvy\u0161n\u00e9 lieky niekomu\u00a0in\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

Rovnako d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je predch\u00e1dza\u0165 infekci\u00e1m: o\u010dkovan\u00edm, um\u00fdvan\u00edm r\u00fak, bezpe\u010dnou pr\u00edpravou potrav\u00edn, zost\u00e1van\u00edm doma pri ak\u00fatnom ochoren\u00ed a rozumn\u00fdm pr\u00edstupom k\u00a0liekom u\u00a0\u013eud\u00ed aj zvierat. CDC<\/a> pripom\u00edna, \u017ee antibiotik\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017eu zachra\u0148ova\u0165 \u017eivoty, ale pri zbyto\u010dnom u\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa aj ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky a podporuj\u00fa vznik rezistencie.<\/p>\n

Rie\u0161enie v\u0161ak nele\u017e\u00ed iba na pleciach pacienta. WHO<\/a> vo svojej glob\u00e1lnej spr\u00e1ve o\u00a0surveillance antibiotickej rezistencie z\u00a0roku 2025\u00a0zd\u00f4raz\u0148uje potrebu lep\u0161ieho sledovania d\u00e1t, r\u00fdchlej\u0161ej diagnostiky, dostupnosti \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch liekov a podpory kraj\u00edn pri budovan\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov doh\u013eadu. Project HOPE hovor\u00ed o\u00a0pr\u00edstupe One Health, ktor\u00fd sp\u00e1ja zdravie \u013eud\u00ed, zvierat a \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia.<\/p>\n

D\u00e1va to zmysel. Antibiotik\u00e1 sa nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa len v\u00a0hum\u00e1nnej medic\u00edne, ale aj vo veterin\u00e1rnej oblasti a po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstve, pri\u010dom rezistentn\u00e9 bakt\u00e9rie nepoznaj\u00fa hranice.<\/p>\n

Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm rizikom antibiotickej rezistencie je jej tichos\u0165. \u010clovek si ju nemus\u00ed v\u0161imn\u00fa\u0165, k\u00fdm nepr\u00edde infekcia, ktor\u00e1 sa zrazu nelie\u010di tak \u013eahko ako kedysi. Pr\u00e1ve preto sa o\u00a0nej bude v\u00a0roku 2026\u00a0hovori\u0165 \u010doraz viac. Nejde o\u00a0d\u00f4vod na paniku, ale o\u00a0d\u00f4vod bra\u0165 antibiotik\u00e1\u00a0v\u00e1\u017ene.<\/p>\n

Ke\u010f ich pou\u017e\u00edvame spr\u00e1vne, chr\u00e1nime nielen seba, ale aj \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed ich bud\u00fa potrebova\u0165 zajtra, teda deti, seniorov, onkologick\u00fdch pacientov, \u013eud\u00ed po oper\u00e1ci\u00e1ch \u010di t\u00fdch, ktor\u00fdm oby\u010dajn\u00e1 infekcia m\u00f4\u017ee skomplikova\u0165\u00a0\u017eivot.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Antibiotik\u00e1 patria medzi najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie objavy modernej medic\u00edny. Zachr\u00e1nili mili\u00f3ny \u017eivotov, z\u00a0be\u017en\u00fdch bakteri\u00e1lnych infekci\u00ed urobili lie\u010dite\u013en\u00e9 ochorenia a umo\u017enili…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":109135,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[6],"tags":[30399,2777,1928,350,1027,36827,43,40,44,39,42,45,41,50],"class_list":["post-109134","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-slovensko","tag-antibiotika","tag-choroba","tag-hrozba","tag-lekari","tag-lieky","tag-rezistencia-na-antibiotika","tag-sk","tag-slovak","tag-slovak-republic","tag-slovakia","tag-slovencina","tag-slovenska-republika","tag-slovensko","tag-svet"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@sk\/116820486756422430","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109134","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=109134"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109134\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/109135"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=109134"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=109134"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=109134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}