TCHAJ-PEJ – Vysoko v hmle zahalen\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch Taiwanu sa po rokoch p\u00e1trania podarilo vedcom n\u00e1js\u0165 najvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed strom ostrova. Obrovsk\u00fd ihli\u010dnan druhu taiwania kryptomerioides, pomenovan\u00fd Nebesk\u00fd me\u010d rieky Ta-an, dosahuje v\u00fd\u0161ku 84,1 metra a pod\u013ea odhadov m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 star\u00fd a\u017e 1000 rokov. Strom tak prevy\u0161uje budovu s 20 poschodiami a patr\u00ed medzi najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie zn\u00e1me \u017eiv\u00e9 organizmy svojho druhu na svete, nap\u00edsal server denn\u00edka The Guardian. Odvol\u00e1va sa na \u0161t\u00fadiu zverejnen\u00fa v odbornom \u010dasopise Frontiers in Forests and Global Change.<\/p>\n
\t\t\t\tN\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 exped\u00edcia<\/p>\n
K objavu viedla kombin\u00e1cia satelitn\u00e9ho mapovania, laserov\u00e9ho sn\u00edmkovania krajiny a n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdprav do \u0165a\u017eko pr\u00edstupn\u00e9ho ter\u00e9nu. Vedci museli k jednotliv\u00fdm stromom \u010dasto putova\u0165 nieko\u013eko dn\u00ed pe\u0161o, brodi\u0165 sa riekami a pohybova\u0165 sa po strm\u00fdch svahoch.\u00a0„Ka\u017ed\u00fd meter v\u00fd\u0161ky znamen\u00e1 in\u00fa teplotu, vietor aj svetlo. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 stromu je vlastne in\u00fd svet,“ pop\u00edsala v\u00fdskumn\u00ed\u010dka Rebecca Hsuov\u00e1 z Taiwansk\u00e9ho lesn\u00edckeho v\u00fdskumn\u00e9ho in\u0161tit\u00fatu.<\/p>\n
Samotn\u00e9 meranie sa vykon\u00e1valo tradi\u010dnou met\u00f3dou. T\u00edm vystrelil pomocou vzduchov\u00e9ho zariadenia tenk\u00fa \u0161n\u00faru do kor\u00fan stromov, ktor\u00fa n\u00e1sledne nahradil horolezeck\u00fdm lanom. Vedci potom vyst\u00fapili a\u017e do desiatok metrov nad zemou, aby strom zmerali priamo.\u00a0„Najvy\u0161\u0161ia \u010das\u0165 je prekvapivo jemn\u00e1 a \u00fazka, ale st\u00e1le \u017eiv\u00e1 a rast\u00faca,“ pop\u00edsal prieskum fotograf a pr\u00edrodovedec Steven Pearce, ktor\u00fd sa na exped\u00edcii z\u00fa\u010dastnil. „Dosta\u0165 sa tam znamen\u00e1 nieko\u013eko dn\u00ed cesty a lezenie v podmienkach, kde sa \u010dlovek c\u00edti \u00faplne mal\u00fd.“<\/p>\n
Vz\u00e1cny ekosyst\u00e9m<\/p>\n
Pod\u013ea odborn\u00edkov nie s\u00fa tieto obrovsk\u00e9 stromy len pr\u00edrodnou raritou. Ich koruny funguj\u00fa ako zlo\u017eit\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my, v ktor\u00fdch \u017eij\u00fa desiatky druhov rastl\u00edn i \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov \u2013 od li\u0161ajn\u00edkov cez orchidey a\u017e po drobn\u00e9 cicavce a vt\u00e1ky. „V jedinej takej korune m\u00f4\u017eete ma\u0165 cel\u00e9 gener\u00e1cie \u017eivota,“ uviedol jeden z v\u00fdskumn\u00edkov. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 ale plat\u00ed, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve tieto prastar\u00e9 organizmy s\u00fa mimoriadne zranite\u013en\u00e9. Silnej\u0161ie b\u00farky, sucho a zmeny kl\u00edmy sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa pod\u013ea vedcov ich \u00fabytok. Na Taiwane za posledn\u00fdch desa\u0165 rokov uhynulo pribli\u017ene \u0161tyri a\u017e p\u00e4\u0165 percent najvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch stromov.<\/p>\n
„V okol\u00ed je mnoho padl\u00fdch stromov. Tie, ktor\u00e9 pre\u017eili, s\u00fa v podstate \u0161\u0165astn\u00ed v\u00fdhercovia,“ povedala Hsuov\u00e1. „Chcela by som, aby \u013eudia videli tieto stromy a uvedomili si, ak\u00e9 je vz\u00e1cne ich ma\u0165.“\u00a0Vedci teraz d\u00fafaj\u00fa, \u017ee \u010fal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskum pom\u00f4\u017ee lep\u0161ie pochopi\u0165, pre\u010do pr\u00e1ve niektor\u00e9 stromy dok\u00e1\u017eu dor\u00e1s\u0165 do tak\u00fdch extr\u00e9mnych rozmerov \u2013 a ako ich v meniacej sa kl\u00edme ochr\u00e1ni\u0165.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"TCHAJ-PEJ – Vysoko v hmle zahalen\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch Taiwanu sa po rokoch p\u00e1trania podarilo vedcom n\u00e1js\u0165 najvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed strom ostrova.…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":113969,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[8],"tags":[33,6696,43,40,42,36,2068,50,9364,49,48],"class_list":["post-113968","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-news","tag-priroda","tag-sk","tag-slovak","tag-slovencina","tag-spravy","tag-strom","tag-svet","tag-taiwan","tag-world","tag-world-news"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@sk\/116850048700294802","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113968","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=113968"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113968\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/113969"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=113968"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=113968"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=113968"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}