Borgova \u0161ifra<\/a>, ktor\u00fd obsahuje 408 str\u00e1n z\u00e1hadn\u00fdch symbolov. Text bol po st\u00e1ro\u010dia ne\u010ditate\u013en\u00fd a vznikol kombin\u00e1ciou desiatok znakov a nieko\u013ek\u00fdch p\u00edsmen latinky. Niektor\u00e9 pas\u00e1\u017ee boli navy\u0161e po\u0161koden\u00e9 vekom.<\/p>\n„Je to ako detekt\u00edvna pr\u00e1ca, kde ka\u017ed\u00fd symbol, vzorec a \u010diasto\u010dn\u00e9 rie\u0161enie n\u00e1s m\u00f4\u017ee pribl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 k nie\u010d\u00edm tajomstv\u00e1m a k straten\u00e9mu historick\u00e9mu svetu,“ pop\u00edsala pr\u00e1cu Be\u00e1ta Megyesiov\u00e1, profesorka po\u010d\u00edta\u010dovej lingvistiky na \u0160tokholmskej univerzite vo \u0160v\u00e9dsku, ktor\u00e1 bola s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou t\u00edmu, ktor\u00fd text de\u0161ifroval.<\/p>\n
Pod\u013ea v\u00fdskumn\u00edkov sa v rukopise skr\u00fdvaj\u00fa okrem in\u00e9ho opisy lie\u010debn\u00fdch postupov, napr\u00edklad r\u00f4zne zmesi a odpor\u00fa\u010dania vr\u00e1tane pitia v\u00edna \u010di in\u00fdch vtedaj\u0161\u00edch prostriedkov proti chorob\u00e1m. Tieto praktiky boli vo svojej dobe \u010dasto pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za podozriv\u00e9 a mohli vzbudzova\u0165 aj obvinenia z \u010darodejn\u00edctva.<\/p>\n
Pomocou AI sa vedcom podarilo \u010das\u0165 \u0161ifry rozl\u00fa\u0161ti\u0165. Pod\u013ea nich ide o tzv. substitu\u010dn\u00fa \u0161ifru, teda syst\u00e9m, kde ka\u017ed\u00fd symbol zastupuje konkr\u00e9tne p\u00edsmeno alebo znak. Rozl\u00fa\u0161tenie ale vy\u017eadovalo dlh\u00fa kombin\u00e1ciu \u013eudskej pr\u00e1ce a v\u00fdpo\u010dtovej anal\u00fdzy.<\/p>\n
AI pomohla aj pri anal\u00fdze \u0161ifrovan\u00fdch listov zo 17. storo\u010dia, napr\u00edklad kore\u0161pondencia medzi \u0161\u013eachticmi v \u010dase tridsa\u0165ro\u010dnej vojny. B\u00e1datelia z\u00e1rove\u0148 sk\u00famaj\u00fa stovky za\u0161ifrovan\u00fdch poh\u013eadn\u00edc z 19. storo\u010dia. Uk\u00e1zalo sa, \u017ee niektor\u00e9 z nich boli milostn\u00e9 listy p\u00edsan\u00e9 v nem\u010dine. Tieto texty doteraz unikali pozornosti historikov a ich rozl\u00fa\u0161tenie m\u00f4\u017ee doplni\u0165 obraz ka\u017edodenn\u00e9ho \u017eivota vtedaj\u0161ej spolo\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n
S\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou v\u00fdskumu je aj vyu\u017eitie n\u00e1strojov na automatick\u00fd prepis rukopisov, napr\u00edklad syst\u00e9mu Transkribus, ktor\u00fd rozpozn\u00e1va rukopisn\u00e9 texty a prev\u00e1dza ich do digit\u00e1lnej podoby. Na tento prepis potom nadv\u00e4zuj\u00fa algoritmy, ktor\u00e9 sa sna\u017eia samotn\u00e9 \u0161ifry rozl\u00fa\u0161ti\u0165.<\/p>\n
Vedci testuj\u00fa aj nov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, ktor\u00e9 by dok\u00e1zali \u0161ifrovan\u00e9 texty nielen prep\u00edsa\u0165, ale aj rovno interpretova\u0165. Experimenty uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee AI dok\u00e1\u017ee v niektor\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch rozl\u00fa\u0161ti\u0165 aj stovky symbolov v priebehu nieko\u013ek\u00fdch desiatok min\u00fat.<\/p>\n
Pod\u013ea v\u00fdskumn\u00edkov zost\u00e1va v arch\u00edvoch po celom svete pribli\u017ene jedno percento materi\u00e1lov \u010diasto\u010dne alebo \u00faplne za\u0161ifrovan\u00fdch. Patria medzi ne aj doposia\u013e nerozl\u00fa\u0161ten\u00e9 starovek\u00e9 syst\u00e9my p\u00edsma, napr\u00edklad Kr\u00e9tsky disk z Faistu alebo niektor\u00e9 ran\u00e9 gr\u00e9cke z\u00e1pisy zn\u00e1me ako line\u00e1rne p\u00edsmo B.<\/p>\n
Odborn\u00edci sa zhoduj\u00fa, \u017ee kombin\u00e1cia umelej inteligencie a historickej lingvistiky m\u00f4\u017ee v nasleduj\u00facich rokoch z\u00e1sadne roz\u0161\u00edri\u0165 znalosti o utajovan\u00fdch \u010di zabudnut\u00fdch \u010dastiach \u013eudskej hist\u00f3rie.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Umel\u00e1 inteligencia (AI) pom\u00e1ha historikom odha\u013eova\u0165 tajomstvo stovky rokov star\u00fdch \u0161ifier ukryt\u00fdch v arch\u00edvoch a kni\u017eniciach po celom…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":119719,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[8],"tags":[223,39080,39077,39072,39079,39075,39083,39074,39084,33,43,40,42,36,39076,39082,50,39081,39073,234,39078,49,48],"class_list":["post-119718","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-ai","tag-beata-megyesiova","tag-borgova-sifra","tag-desifrovanie","tag-historicke-sifry","tag-historicky-vyskum","tag-kretsky-disk","tag-kryptografia","tag-linearne-pismo-b","tag-news","tag-sk","tag-slovak","tag-slovencina","tag-spravy","tag-stokholmska-univerzita","tag-substitucna-sifra","tag-svet","tag-transkribus","tag-tridsatrocna-vojna","tag-umela-inteligencia","tag-vatikanska-kniznica","tag-world","tag-world-news"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@sk\/116888890612102662","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119718","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119718"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119718\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/119719"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119718"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119718"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119718"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}