{"id":125276,"date":"2026-07-15T19:37:07","date_gmt":"2026-07-15T19:37:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/125276\/"},"modified":"2026-07-15T19:37:07","modified_gmt":"2026-07-15T19:37:07","slug":"vedci-skumaju-parazitov-ktori-casto-sposobuju-vyrazku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/125276\/","title":{"rendered":"Vedci sk\u00famaj\u00fa parazitov, ktor\u00ed \u010dasto sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa vyr\u00e1\u017eku."},"content":{"rendered":"

PRAHA – Vedci sk\u00famaj\u00fa parazitov, ktor\u00ed \u010dasto sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa vyr\u00e1\u017eku po k\u00fapan\u00ed v pr\u00edrode, takzvan\u00fa cerk\u00e1riov\u00fa dermatit\u00eddu. Mapuj\u00fa ich v\u00fdskyt vo vodn\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch a h\u013eadaj\u00fa cesty, ako ich vo vode spozna\u0165 pred za\u010diatkom k\u00fapacej sez\u00f3ny alebo ako zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 po\u010det vodn\u00fdch ulitn\u00edkov, ktor\u00ed ich pren\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa. V tla\u010dovej spr\u00e1ve o tom informovala Pr\u00edrodovedeck\u00e1 fakulta Univerzity Karlovej v Prahe.<\/p>\n

Odborn\u00edci odhaduj\u00fa, \u017ee svrbiv\u00fa vyr\u00e1\u017eku, ktor\u00fa mylne pripisuj\u00fa siniciam, \u017eih\u013eav\u00e1m alebo hmyzu, si ka\u017ed\u00e9 leto z pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch k\u00fapal\u00edsk prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa stovky \u013eud\u00ed. Presn\u00e9 po\u010dty v\u0161ak nepoznaj\u00fa. Chc\u00fa sa preto na ochorenia, ktor\u00e9 sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa mikroskopick\u00e9 larvy parazitov vodn\u00fdch vt\u00e1kov, viac zamera\u0165.<\/p>\n

„Pr\u00edpady cerk\u00e1riovej dermatit\u00eddy sa v \u010cesku objavuj\u00fa pravidelne u\u017e viac ako 60 rokov. Dodnes v\u0161ak nevieme, ko\u013eko \u013eud\u00ed skuto\u010dne postihuje, preto\u017ee v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina z nich lek\u00e1ra v\u00f4bec nevyh\u013ead\u00e1 a ochorenie sa nedostane do \u017eiadnych \u0161tatist\u00edk,“\u00a0uviedol parazitol\u00f3g Tom\u00e1\u0161 Mach\u00e1\u010dek. Bez t\u00fdchto \u00fadajov je pod\u013ea neho \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 ur\u010di\u0165 rizikov\u00e9 lokality alebo zav\u00e1dza\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 prevent\u00edvne opatrenia.<\/p>\n

Spolu so \u0160t\u00e1tnym zdravotn\u00fdm \u00fastavom (SZ\u00da) vedci preto vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa datab\u00e1zu v\u00fdskytu cerk\u00e1riovej dermatit\u00eddy v \u010cesku a mapuj\u00fa rizikov\u00e9 lokality. V pra\u017eskom laborat\u00f3riu vyv\u00edjaj\u00fa nov\u00e9 molekul\u00e1rne met\u00f3dy, ktor\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eu odhali\u0165 DNA parazitov priamo vo vode.<\/p>\n

„Tieto citliv\u00e9 met\u00f3dy umo\u017enia r\u00fdchle prevent\u00edvne testovanie k\u00fapac\u00edch v\u00f4d pred za\u010diatkom sez\u00f3ny aj po\u010das nej. Oproti doteraz pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm postupom bud\u00fa v\u00fdrazne r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie,“\u00a0doplnil parazitol\u00f3g J\u00e1n Proch\u00e1zka. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 h\u013eadaj\u00fa mo\u017enosti, ako obmedzi\u0165 v\u00fdskyt parazitov vo vode, napr\u00edklad zn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm po\u010dtu vodn\u00fdch ulitn\u00edkov, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa ich hostite\u013emi.<\/p>\n

„H\u013ead\u00e1me nov\u00e9 sp\u00f4soby ako zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 mno\u017estvo t\u00fdchto slim\u00e1kov v n\u00e1dr\u017eiach bez toho, aby sme naru\u0161ili fungovanie vodn\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9mov. Na\u0161\u00edm cie\u013eom je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 prevencia, ktor\u00e1 bude z\u00e1rove\u0148 \u0161etrn\u00e1 k pr\u00edrode,“\u00a0uviedla parazitologi\u010dka Jana Bulantov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

V laborat\u00f3rnych podmienkach tie\u017e vedci sk\u00famaj\u00fa, pre\u010do niektor\u00ed \u013eudia po kontakte s cerk\u00e1riami \u017eiadne \u0165a\u017ekosti nemaj\u00fa a u in\u00fdch vznik\u00e1 typick\u00e1 silno svrbiv\u00e1 vyr\u00e1\u017eka. „Zauj\u00edma n\u00e1s napr\u00edklad, ako parazit prenik\u00e1 do ko\u017ee a ako na\u0148 reaguje \u013eudsk\u00fd imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Tieto poznatky prispej\u00fa k lep\u0161ej prevencii, diagnostike i lie\u010dbe ochoren\u00ed,“\u00a0dodal Mach\u00e1\u010dek, ktor\u00fd vedie experiment\u00e1lnu \u010das\u0165 v\u00fdskumu.<\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea \u00fadajov SZ\u00da s\u00fa zn\u00e1me len jednotky lokal\u00edt s v\u00fdskytom cerk\u00e1ri\u00ed za rok, v teplej\u0161\u00edch rokoch okolo desiatich. V roku 2023 bolo nahl\u00e1sen\u00fdch lek\u00e1rovi 26 pr\u00edpadov nimi sp\u00f4sobenej dermatit\u00eddy, v predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich rokoch jednotky. V\u00fdnimkou bol rok 2018 s 64 pr\u00edpadmi.<\/p>\n

„Inv\u00e1zia cerk\u00e1riami sa prejav\u00ed iba svrbiacou vyr\u00e1\u017ekou naj\u010dastej\u0161ie na nekryt\u00fdch \u010dastiach tela, na trupe, na kon\u010datin\u00e1ch, na predlakt\u00ed a v podkolenn\u00fdch jamk\u00e1ch. Svrbiv\u00e9 pup\u00ednky po p\u00e1r d\u0148och, zvy\u010dajne do t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a, mizn\u00fa. Mnoh\u00ed \u013eudia preto ani nevyh\u013eadaj\u00fa lek\u00e1ra,“\u00a0op\u00edsala na webe SZ\u00da v roku 2023 epidemiologi\u010dka Katar\u00edna Fabi\u00e1nov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

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\n\t\t\"Sta\u010d\u00ed\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\tZobrazi\u0165 gal\u00e9riu (2)\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\t<\/a><\/p>\n

„U citlivej\u0161\u00edch os\u00f4b sa m\u00f4\u017ee vyskytn\u00fa\u0165 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 teplota, ed\u00e9m ko\u017ee a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 \u00fanava. Lie\u010dba je iba symptomatick\u00e1, pod\u00e1vaj\u00fa sa antihistaminik\u00e1, teda lieky tlmiace alergick\u00e9 reakcie a svrbenie,“\u00a0doplnila.<\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00fdm cie\u013eom t\u00edmu je vytvori\u0165 a pon\u00faknu\u0165 n\u00e1stroje, ktor\u00e9 pom\u00f4\u017eu hygienikom, prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013eom k\u00fapal\u00edsk i verejnosti lep\u0161ie predch\u00e1dza\u0165 cerk\u00e1riovej dermatit\u00edde. V\u010faka d\u00f4kladnej\u0161iemu monitorovaniu bude mo\u017en\u00e9 v\u010das upozorni\u0165 na rizikov\u00e9 lokality a prij\u00edma\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 prevent\u00edvne opatrenia bez toho, aby bolo potrebn\u00e9 obmedzova\u0165 k\u00fapanie v pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"PRAHA – Vedci sk\u00famaj\u00fa parazitov, ktor\u00ed \u010dasto sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa vyr\u00e1\u017eku po k\u00fapan\u00ed v pr\u00edrode, takzvan\u00fa cerk\u00e1riov\u00fa dermatit\u00eddu. Mapuj\u00fa ich…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":125277,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[8],"tags":[40145,29160,33,40146,6696,43,40,42,36,50,40144,49,48],"class_list":["post-125276","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-dermatitida","tag-kupanie","tag-news","tag-pazity","tag-priroda","tag-sk","tag-slovak","tag-slovencina","tag-spravy","tag-svet","tag-vyrazky","tag-world","tag-world-news"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@sk\/116925683791821318","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/125276","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=125276"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/125276\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/125277"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=125276"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=125276"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=125276"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}