{"id":159982,"date":"2026-08-24T13:24:16","date_gmt":"2026-08-24T13:24:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/159982\/"},"modified":"2026-08-24T13:24:16","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T13:24:16","slug":"experimentalna-latka-pomaha-spalovat-tuk-bez-vyraznej-straty-svalov-vosveteit-sk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/159982\/","title":{"rendered":"Experiment\u00e1lna l\u00e1tka pom\u00e1ha spa\u013eova\u0165 tuk bez v\u00fdraznej straty svalov | Vosveteit.sk"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro \u2013 lieky zalo\u017een\u00e9 na inkret\u00ednov\u00fdch horm\u00f3noch za posledn\u00fdch p\u00e4\u0165 rokov v\u00fdrazne zmenili lie\u010dbu obezity a cukrovky. Maj\u00fa v\u0161ak aj slab\u0161ie miesto: zni\u017euj\u00fa pr\u00edjem potravy a pri v\u00fdraznom chudnut\u00ed m\u00f4\u017ee spolu s tukom ub\u00fada\u0165 aj \u010das\u0165 beztukovej hmoty vr\u00e1tane svalov. Pri dlhodobej lie\u010dbe to m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 probl\u00e9m najm\u00e4 u star\u0161\u00edch \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00fdm svalovej hmoty prirodzene ub\u00fada.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdskumn\u00edci z Kalifornskej univerzity v Berkeley<\/a> teraz podrobnej\u0161ie op\u00edsali zl\u00fa\u010deninu, ktor\u00e1 na telesn\u00fa hmotnos\u0165 p\u00f4sob\u00ed in\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom. Namiesto \u010fal\u0161ieho tlmenia chuti do jedla zv\u00fd\u0161ila mno\u017estvo energie, ktor\u00e9 organizmus vyd\u00e1va.<\/p>\n

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Odoberaj Vosveteit.sk cez Telegram a prihl\u00e1s sa k odberu spr\u00e1v
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TOFA nezni\u017eovala pr\u00edjem potravy. My\u0161i namiesto toho m\u00ed\u0148ali viac energie<\/p>\n

Inkret\u00ednov\u00e9 lieky<\/a> dnes zasahuj\u00fa najm\u00e4 pr\u00edjem kal\u00f3ri\u00ed, zvy\u0161uj\u00fa pocit s\u00fdtosti a \u010dlovek v\u010faka nim spravidla zje menej. L\u00e1tka s n\u00e1zvom 5-tetradecyloxy-2-furoic acid, skr\u00e1tene TOFA, mieri na druh\u00fa stranu tejto rovnice. V experimentoch zv\u00fd\u0161ila energetick\u00fd v\u00fddaj my\u0161\u00ed, hoci zvierat\u00e1 neza\u010dali menej jes\u0165 ani sa viac pohybova\u0165.<\/p>\n

\"liek\"liekZdroj: Vosveteit.sk \/ Martin Borko, ilustra\u010dn\u00fd obr\u00e1zok<\/p>\n

TOFA pritom nie je nov\u00e1 zl\u00fa\u010denina. Vedci ju poznaj\u00fa u\u017e od sedemdesiatych rokov a zara\u010fuj\u00fa ju medzi takzvan\u00e9 ACC inhib\u00edtory. Tie blokuj\u00fa enz\u00fdmy acetyl-CoA karboxyl\u00e1zy 1 a 2, ktor\u00e9 sa podie\u013eaj\u00fa na tvorbe mastn\u00fdch kysel\u00edn. Ich utlmen\u00edm sa zni\u017euje produkcia nov\u00fdch lipidov v organizme.<\/p>\n

Nieko\u013eko ACC inhib\u00edtorov sa v minulosti dostalo a\u017e do stredn\u00fdch f\u00e1z klinick\u00e9ho testovania, no pri metabolick\u00fdch ochoreniach sa zatia\u013e do be\u017enej lie\u010dby nepresadili. Jedn\u00fdm z probl\u00e9mov je zvl\u00e1\u0161tny ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00ed efekt: blokovanie ACC1\/2 m\u00f4\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 mno\u017estvo triglyceridov v krvi. Pri l\u00e1tke, ktor\u00e1 m\u00e1 zlep\u0161ova\u0165 metabolizmus tukov, je to ne\u017eelan\u00fd v\u00fdsledok.<\/p>\n

Neprehliadni
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\"V\"V <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tVIDEO: Tak\u00fdto z\u00e1pas neuvid\u00ed\u0161 ani v Mortal Kombat. Robot odkopol s\u00faperovi hlavu, ten bojoval \u010falej <\/p>\n

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TOFA nielen brzdila tvorbu tukov, ale zapla aj ich spa\u013eovanie<\/p>\n

V\u00fdskum publikovan\u00fd v \u010dasopise Science Advances<\/a> uk\u00e1zal, pre\u010do sa TOFA spr\u00e1va inak. Okrem inhib\u00edcie ACC1\/2 priamo aktivuje jadrov\u00e9 receptory PPAR\u03b1 a PPAR\u03b4. Ide o prote\u00edny, ktor\u00e9 reguluj\u00fa g\u00e9ny zapojen\u00e9 do spracovania mastn\u00fdch kysel\u00edn a energetick\u00e9ho metabolizmu.<\/p>\n

L\u00e1tka tak obmedzuje tvorbu nov\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kysel\u00edn a z\u00e1rove\u0148 podporuje ich vyu\u017e\u00edvanie ako zdroja energie. Pod\u013ea autorov \u0161t\u00fadie stoj\u00ed za ne\u010dakan\u00fdm efektom pr\u00e1ve t\u00e1to dvojit\u00e1 reakcia.<\/p>\n

U my\u0161\u00ed vedci namerali a\u017e pribli\u017ene o 18 percent vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed energetick\u00fd v\u00fddaj. Zvierat\u00e1 sa pritom neza\u010dali viac pohybova\u0165 a v\u00fdskumn\u00edci nezaznamenali ani zv\u00fd\u0161enie telesnej teploty, ktor\u00e9 by vy\u0161\u0161iu spotrebu energie jednoducho vysvetlilo. Ob\u00e9zne my\u0161i str\u00e1cali najm\u00e4 tukov\u00fa hmotu a vedci nepozorovali v\u00fdznamn\u00fd pokles beztukovej hmoty.<\/p>\n

Pre porovnanie, pri v\u00fdraznom chudnut\u00ed pomocou liekov ako Ozempic \u010di Wegovy m\u00f4\u017ee ub\u00fada\u0165 aj svalov\u00e1 hmota<\/a>. Tento efekt sa preto pri s\u00fa\u010dasnej lie\u010dbe obezity \u010doraz viac sleduje, najm\u00e4 u star\u0161\u00edch pacientov a \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed u\u017e maj\u00fa m\u00e1lo svalov.<\/p>\n

TOFA z\u00e1rove\u0148 nezv\u00fd\u0161ila triglyceridy sp\u00f4sobom, ktor\u00fd vedci poznaj\u00fa pri in\u00fdch ACC inhib\u00edtoroch. Aktiv\u00e1cia PPAR\u03b1 a PPAR\u03b4 podporuje spracovanie a oxid\u00e1ciu mastn\u00fdch kysel\u00edn a pod\u013ea autorov m\u00f4\u017ee pr\u00e1ve tento mechanizmus vysvet\u013eova\u0165, pre\u010do sa hladiny krvn\u00fdch lipidov nezhor\u0161ili.<\/p>\n

Vedci rozdelili \u00fa\u010dinok TOFA medzi dve l\u00e1tky. V\u00fdsledok sa nezopakoval<\/p>\n

Vedci sa pok\u00fasili oba \u00fa\u010dinky TOFA rozdeli\u0165 medzi dve samostatn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky. My\u0161iam pod\u00e1vali Firsocostat, ktor\u00fd inhibuje ACC1\/2, spolu s Elafibranorom, agonistom PPAR\u03b1\/\u03b4. Metabolick\u00e9 zlep\u0161enia pozorovan\u00e9 pri TOFA v\u0161ak t\u00e1to dvojica nenapodobnila.<\/p>\n

Laborat\u00f3rne experimenty navy\u0161e uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee TOFA dok\u00e1\u017ee aktivova\u0165 cie\u013eov\u00e9 g\u00e9ny PPAR nez\u00e1visle od blokovania ACC. Aktiv\u00e1cia PPAR tak funguje ako samostatn\u00fd mechanizmus, nie ako ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00ed efekt utlmenej tvorby tukov.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdskumn\u00edci potom TOFA spojili s liekmi, ktor\u00e9 sa u\u017e pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa pri obezite a cukrovke, so semaglutidom<\/a>, pred\u00e1van\u00fdm ako Ozempic alebo Wegovy, a s tirzepatidom, zn\u00e1mym pod zna\u010dkami Mounjaro a Zepbound. Tirzepatid pritom nep\u00f4sob\u00ed iba na receptor GLP-1, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 aj na GIP receptor.<\/p>\n

Pri kombin\u00e1cii s TOFA my\u0161i lep\u0161ie chudli, mali lep\u0161iu kontrolu gluk\u00f3zy, ni\u017e\u0161iu inzul\u00ednov\u00fa rezistenciu aj priaznivej\u0161ie hladiny triglyceridov ne\u017e pri jednotliv\u00fdch lie\u010dbach samostatne. Pri niektor\u00fdch v\u00fdsledkoch autori opisuj\u00fa \u00fa\u010dinok ako viac ne\u017e adit\u00edvny. TOFA preto nevn\u00edmaj\u00fa ako n\u00e1hradu semaglutidu \u010di tirzepatidu, ale sk\u00f4r ako mo\u017en\u00fd doplnok, ktor\u00fd by k zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9mu pr\u00edjmu potravy pridal vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed energetick\u00fd v\u00fddaj.<\/p>\n

\"obezita-titulka\"\"obezita-titulka\"Zdroj: kurhan \/ shutterstock.com, ilustra\u010dn\u00fd obr\u00e1zok<\/p>\n

Zauj\u00edmav\u00fd rozdiel sa objavil aj po skon\u010den\u00ed lie\u010dby. My\u0161i, ktor\u00e9 dost\u00e1vali TOFA, si svoju kone\u010dn\u00fa hmotnos\u0165 udr\u017eali dlh\u0161ie ne\u017e zvierat\u00e1 lie\u010den\u00e9 semaglutidom. N\u00e1vrat hmotnosti po vysaden\u00ed inkret\u00ednov\u00fdch liekov je zn\u00e1my probl\u00e9m, no v tomto pr\u00edpade zatia\u013e ide iba o v\u00fdsledok zo zvieracieho experimentu.<\/p>\n

\u201eTelesn\u00e1 hmotnos\u0165 reaguje na dve p\u00e1ky: menej kal\u00f3ri\u00ed prija\u0165 alebo viac energie vyda\u0165. GLP-1 lieky pracuj\u00fa takmer v\u00fdlu\u010dne s prvou, tak\u017ee sme sa zamerali na druh\u00fa,\u201c vysvetlil Anders N\u00e4\u00e4r, profesor metabolickej biol\u00f3gie a v\u00fd\u017eivy na UC Berkeley a hlavn\u00fd autor \u0161t\u00fadie.<\/p>\n

V\u0161etky pokusy prebehli na samcoch my\u0161\u00ed. K \u013eu\u010fom je e\u0161te \u010faleko<\/p>\n

V\u0161etky in vivo experimenty prebehli na samcoch my\u0161\u00ed. Autori to uv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa medzi obmedzeniami pr\u00e1ce a \u010fal\u0161ie experimenty chc\u00fa zopakova\u0165 aj na samiciach. Pred pr\u00edpadn\u00fdm sk\u00fa\u0161an\u00edm u \u013eud\u00ed bud\u00fa potrebn\u00e9 aj \u010fal\u0161ie testy na vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch \u017eivo\u010d\u00ed\u0161nych modeloch.<\/p>\n

Vedci zatia\u013e neur\u010dili ani minim\u00e1lnu \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fa d\u00e1vku potrebn\u00fa na chudnutie. Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fd profil d\u00e1vok pou\u017eit\u00fdch v \u0161t\u00fadii navy\u0161e nie je kompletne presk\u00faman\u00fd z poh\u013eadu mo\u017enej subklinickej toxicity, teda zmien, ktor\u00e9 nemusia by\u0165 na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead vidite\u013en\u00e9. Star\u0161ie experimenty s\u00edce nazna\u010duj\u00fa dobr\u00fa toleranciu TOFA u potkanov, na pos\u00fadenie mo\u017en\u00e9ho lieku pre \u013eud\u00ed to nesta\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdhodou TOFA pri \u010fal\u0161om v\u00fdvoji je, \u017ee ide o mal\u00fa molekulu \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fa po podan\u00ed \u00fastami, tak\u017ee pr\u00edpadn\u00fd liek by nemusel by\u0165 odk\u00e1zan\u00fd iba na injek\u010dn\u00e9 pod\u00e1vanie. V tejto chv\u00edli v\u0161ak \u017eiadna tableta s TOFA ur\u010den\u00e1 na lie\u010dbu obezity neexistuje.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdskumn\u00edci u\u017e zalo\u017eili spolo\u010dnos\u0165 ReRx Therapeutics, ktor\u00e1 chce l\u00e1tku posun\u00fa\u0165 k \u010fal\u0161iemu predklinick\u00e9mu a nesk\u00f4r klinick\u00e9mu v\u00fdvoju.<\/p>\n


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