RussianSpaceWeb<\/a>.<\/p>\nKoncom j\u00fala a za\u010diatkom augusta za\u010dalo dev\u00e4\u0165 zo \u0161estn\u00e1stich dru\u017e\u00edc zvy\u0161ova\u0165 svoju obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu. Do 5. augusta bolo st\u00fapanie vidite\u013en\u00e9 u\u017e pri jeden\u00e1stich. \u017diadna sa v\u0161ak nedostala vy\u0161\u0161ie ako pribli\u017ene 360 kilometrov. Potom pri\u0161la \u010fal\u0161ia zl\u00e1 spr\u00e1va.<\/p>\n
Tri satelity, ktor\u00e9 sa predt\u00fdm pok\u00fa\u0161ali st\u00fapa\u0165, svoje zvy\u0161ovanie dr\u00e1hy zdanlivo preru\u0161ili a za\u010dali pomaly klesa\u0165. \u010eal\u0161ie dva nevykonali v\u00fdraznej\u0161\u00ed man\u00e9ver v\u00f4bec, klesli pod hranicu 300 kilometrov a smeruj\u00fa k n\u00e1vratu do atmosf\u00e9ry.<\/p>\n
\u010c\u00edm ni\u017e\u0161ie sa dru\u017eica nach\u00e1dza, t\u00fdm v\u00fdraznej\u0161ie na \u0148u p\u00f4sobia zvy\u0161ky zemskej atmosf\u00e9ry. Aerodynamick\u00fd odpor ju postupne spoma\u013euje, jej obe\u017en\u00e1 dr\u00e1ha kles\u00e1 a bez dostato\u010dn\u00e9ho zv\u00fd\u0161enia v\u00fd\u0161ky napokon vst\u00fapi do hustej\u0161\u00edch vrstiev atmosf\u00e9ry, kde zhor\u00ed.<\/p>\n
V\u0161etk\u00fdch 16 zatia\u013e nepad\u00e1 na Zem<\/p>\n
Niktor\u00e9 m\u00e9di\u00e1 opisuj\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu dramaticky ako p\u00e1d v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u0161estn\u00e1stich nov\u00fdch satelitov smerom k Zemi. Dostupn\u00e9 \u00fadaje v\u0161ak ukazuj\u00fa trochu zlo\u017eitej\u0161\u00ed obraz.<\/p>\n
Probl\u00e9m sa t\u00fdka v\u0161etk\u00fdch 16 dru\u017e\u00edc, preto\u017ee \u017eiadna nedosiahla zam\u00fd\u0161\u013ean\u00fa opera\u010dn\u00fa v\u00fd\u0161ku. Neznamen\u00e1 to v\u0161ak, \u017ee v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u0161estn\u00e1s\u0165 u\u017e nekontrolovane pad\u00e1 do atmosf\u00e9ry.<\/p>\n
Najmenej dve sa pod\u013ea sledovania Anatolija Zaka nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa na dr\u00e1he smeruj\u00facej k z\u00e1niku, tri \u010fal\u0161ie po predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom st\u00fapan\u00ed za\u010dali klesa\u0165. Ostatn\u00e9 zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa na pr\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzkych obe\u017en\u00fdch dr\u00e1hach a nie je jasn\u00e9, \u010di sa ich e\u0161te podar\u00ed dosta\u0165 do po\u017eadovanej v\u00fd\u0161ky.<\/p>\n
Pr\u00ed\u010dina probl\u00e9mov zatia\u013e nie je zn\u00e1ma. Bureau 1440 ani Roskosmos pod\u013ea Business Insideru na ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa situ\u00e1cie bezprostredne nereagovali.<\/p>\n
Jeden satelit u\u017e zhorel<\/p>\n
E\u0161te nepr\u00edjemnej\u0161ie pre Rusov je, \u017ee probl\u00e9my sa neza\u010dali j\u00falov\u00fdm \u0161tartom. Prv\u00fdch 16 dru\u017e\u00edc Rassvet-3 vypustili 23. marca. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina z nich dok\u00e1zala svoju dr\u00e1hu postupne zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 a 12 sa dostalo pribli\u017ene do v\u00fd\u0161ky 500 a\u017e 550 kilometrov. Ani to v\u0161ak nie je p\u00f4vodne uv\u00e1dzan\u00e1 cie\u013eov\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka okolo 800 kilometrov.<\/p>\n
Jedna dru\u017eica z prvej skupiny v\u0161ak nevykonala prakticky \u017eiadny man\u00e9ver. Jej dr\u00e1ha postupne klesala, a\u017e pribli\u017ene 6. j\u00fana vst\u00fapila do zemskej atmosf\u00e9ry a zanikla.<\/p>\n
Z celkovo 32 vypusten\u00fdch satelitov sa tak pod\u013ea hodnotenia americk\u00e9ho In\u0161tit\u00fatu pre \u0161t\u00fadium vojny (ISW) nach\u00e1dzalo na konci augusta iba 12 na dr\u00e1hach, ktor\u00e9 mo\u017eno pova\u017eova\u0165 za dlhodobo udr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Rusko potrebuje stovky dru\u017e\u00edc<\/p>\n
To predstavuje v\u00e1\u017eny probl\u00e9m vzh\u013eadom na rozsah cel\u00e9ho projektu.<\/p>\n
Bureau 1440 nechce zosta\u0165 pri nieko\u013ek\u00fdch desiatkach satelitov. Firma hovor\u00ed o desiatkach \u010fal\u0161\u00edch \u0161tartov a stovk\u00e1ch dru\u017e\u00edc a pod\u013ea pl\u00e1nov chce v bud\u00facnosti vytvori\u0165 kon\u0161tel\u00e1ciu so stovkami akt\u00edvnych satelitov.<\/p>\n
Dlhodob\u00fd pl\u00e1n je e\u0161te ambici\u00f3znej\u0161\u00ed. Pod\u013ea Ars Technica chce ma\u0165 Bureau 1440 do roku 2035 a\u017e 924 satelitov.<\/p>\n
Ukrajinsk\u00fd odborn\u00edk na r\u00e1diov\u00e9 a bezpilotn\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie Serhij Beskrestnov odhadol, \u017ee na zabezpe\u010denie stabiln\u00e9ho nepretr\u017eit\u00e9ho pokrytia nad Ukrajinou by Rusko potrebovalo najmenej pribli\u017ene 200 a\u017e 300 funk\u010dn\u00fdch satelitov. Pri s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdch probl\u00e9moch je tak t\u00e1to m\u00e9ta e\u0161te ve\u013emi vzdialen\u00e1.<\/p>\n
Starlink hr\u00e1 vo vojne obrovsk\u00fa \u00falohu<\/p>\n
V\u00fdznam projektu Rassvet v\u00fdrazne zv\u00fd\u0161ila vojna na Ukrajine. Satelitn\u00fd internet umo\u017e\u0148uje jednotk\u00e1m komunikova\u0165 aj tam, kde bola zni\u010den\u00e1 alebo nefunguje pozemn\u00e1 telekomunika\u010dn\u00e1 infra\u0161trukt\u00fara. Vyu\u017e\u00edva sa tie\u017e pri riaden\u00ed bezpilotn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov a prenose \u00fadajov z bojiska.<\/p>\n
Rusko pritom vyu\u017e\u00edvalo aj termin\u00e1ly syst\u00e9mu Starlink spolo\u010dnosti SpaceX. Po opatreniach prijat\u00fdch proti ich pou\u017e\u00edvaniu rusk\u00fdmi silami sa pre Moskvu stala vlastn\u00e1 nez\u00e1visl\u00e1 satelitn\u00e1 sie\u0165 e\u0161te d\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ou.<\/p>\n
Rozdiel medzi oboma projektmi je zatia\u013e obrovsk\u00fd. K\u00fdm Bureau 1440 vypustilo prv\u00fdch 32 opera\u010dn\u00fdch satelitov Rassvet-3, Starlink m\u00e1 na obe\u017enej dr\u00e1he tis\u00edce akt\u00edvnych dru\u017e\u00edc.<\/p>\n
\u00dazke hrdlo predstavuj\u00fa aj rakety<\/p>\n
Rusi navy\u0161e musia vyrie\u0161i\u0165 nielen samotn\u00e9 satelity, ale aj tempo ich vyp\u00fa\u0161\u0165ania. Rassvety lietaj\u00fa do vesm\u00edru na raket\u00e1ch Sojuz-2.1b. Ak chce Rusko vybudova\u0165 sie\u0165 pozost\u00e1vaj\u00facu zo stoviek dru\u017e\u00edc, potrebuje ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo \u0161tartov \u2013 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 nem\u00f4\u017ee v\u0161etku kapacitu Sojuzov vyhradi\u0165 iba tomuto projektu. Rakety s\u00fa potrebn\u00e9 aj na \u010fal\u0161ie civiln\u00e9 a vojensk\u00e9 misie.<\/p>\n
Analytici ISW preto upozor\u0148uj\u00fa, \u017ee probl\u00e9my druhej skupiny satelitov spolu s obmedzenou frekvenciou \u0161tartov m\u00f4\u017eu v\u00fdrazne skomplikova\u0165 rusk\u00fa snahu vybudova\u0165 vlastn\u00fa obdobu Starlinku v kr\u00e1tkom \u010dase.<\/p>\n
Rassvet tak zatia\u013e ukazuje, ak\u00fd obrovsk\u00fd technologick\u00fd a logistick\u00fd rozdiel je medzi vypusten\u00edm nieko\u013ek\u00fdch sk\u00fa\u0161obn\u00fdch dru\u017e\u00edc a prev\u00e1dzkou skuto\u010dnej glob\u00e1lnej satelitnej siete. Rusko m\u00e1 prv\u00e9 desiatky satelitov vo vesm\u00edre, no \u010das\u0165 z nich namiesto cesty na vy\u0161\u0161iu obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu \u010dak\u00e1 presne opa\u010dn\u00fd smer.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"MOSKVA \u2013 Rusko chce vybudova\u0165 vlastn\u00fa odpove\u010f na Starlink a na obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu dosta\u0165 stovky komunika\u010dn\u00fdch satelitov. Ambici\u00f3zny…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":169823,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[8],"tags":[5634,48142,839,33,3815,48143,237,2567,43,40,42,33035,36,844,50,49,48],"class_list":["post-169822","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-katastrofa","tag-klesanie","tag-komunikacia","tag-news","tag-pad","tag-rassvet-3","tag-rusko","tag-satelity","tag-sk","tag-slovak","tag-slovencina","tag-sojuz","tag-spravy","tag-starlink","tag-svet","tag-world","tag-world-news"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@sk\/117208850617475582","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/169822","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=169822"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/169822\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/169823"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=169822"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=169822"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=169822"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}