CAMBRIDGE \u2013 Asteroidy, jadrov\u00e9 vojny \u010di umel\u00e1 inteligencia pravidelne dominuj\u00fa debat\u00e1m o existen\u010dn\u00fdch hrozb\u00e1ch. Vedci z Cambridgeskej univerzity v\u0161ak upozor\u0148uj\u00fa na in\u00fa katastrofu, ktor\u00e1 by mohla zasiahnu\u0165 plan\u00e9tu bez jedin\u00e9ho varovn\u00e9ho v\u00fdstrelu. Supervulk\u00e1n pod\u013ea nich s\u00edce nepredstavuje bezprostredn\u00fa hrozbu, no ak by vybuchol, \u013eudstvo by \u010delilo rokom chladu, ne\u00farody a naru\u0161enia glob\u00e1lneho z\u00e1sobovania.\u00a0<\/p>\n
\t\t\t\tKatastrofa, na ktor\u00fa nem\u00e1me pl\u00e1n<\/p>\n
V\u00fdskumn\u00edci z Centra pre \u0161t\u00fadium existen\u010dn\u00fdch riz\u00edk na Cambridgeskej univerzite tvrdia, \u017ee svet venuje ove\u013ea viac pozornosti zriedkav\u00fdm asteroidom ne\u017e supervulk\u00e1nom, hoci ich d\u00f4sledky m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 porovnate\u013ene ni\u010div\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Vo svojej anal\u00fdze upozor\u0148uj\u00fa, \u017ee ve\u013ek\u00e1 vulkanick\u00e1 erupcia by mohla vyvrhn\u00fa\u0165 do atmosf\u00e9ry obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estvo s\u00edry a prachu. Tie by odr\u00e1\u017eali slne\u010dn\u00e9 \u017eiarenie a na nieko\u013eko rokov v\u00fdrazne ochladili kl\u00edmu.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Vedci zd\u00f4raz\u0148uj\u00fa, \u017ee nejde o ot\u00e1zku najbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch dn\u00ed ani rokov. Probl\u00e9mom je pod\u013ea nich sk\u00f4r to, \u017ee civiliz\u00e1cia nem\u00e1 pripraven\u00fd pl\u00e1n, ako zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 glob\u00e1lne naru\u0161enie po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva, dopravy a dod\u00e1vok potrav\u00edn.<\/p>\n
Erupcia by neznamenala z\u00e1nik plan\u00e9ty<\/p>\n
Pojem \u201esupervulk\u00e1n\u201c znie dramaticky, no neznamen\u00e1 automaticky zni\u010denie Zeme. Ide o mimoriadne siln\u00fa erupciu, ktor\u00e1 dok\u00e1\u017ee vyvrhn\u00fa\u0165 viac ne\u017e 1 000 kubick\u00fdch kilometrov materi\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n
Najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edmi kandid\u00e1tmi s\u00fa napr\u00edklad Yellowstone v USA alebo Taup\u014d na Novom Z\u00e9lande. Vedci v\u0161ak nehovoria, \u017ee niektor\u00fd z nich smeruje k bezprostrednej erupcii.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Pod\u013ea klimatol\u00f3gov by najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mom nebola l\u00e1va, ale popol a aeros\u00f3ly v atmosf\u00e9re. Tie by mohli na nieko\u013eko rokov zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 priemern\u00fa teplotu plan\u00e9ty, oslabi\u0165 \u00farodu a sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 rozsiahle v\u00fdpadky v glob\u00e1lnom obchode.<\/p>\n
Hist\u00f3ria ukazuje, \u010do dok\u00e1\u017ee vulk\u00e1n<\/p>\n
Podobn\u00fd scen\u00e1r u\u017e Zem za\u017eila \u2013 hoci v men\u0161om rozsahu.<\/p>\n
Ke\u010f v roku 1815 vybuchla indon\u00e9zska sopka Tambora, do atmosf\u00e9ry sa dostalo to\u013eko materi\u00e1lu, \u017ee nasleduj\u00faci rok vo\u0161iel do dej\u00edn ako \u201erok bez leta\u201c. Eur\u00f3pu aj Severn\u00fa Ameriku zasiahli mimoriadne chladn\u00e9 mesiace, ne\u00faroda a hladomor.<\/p>\n
Cambridgesk\u00ed vedci upozor\u0148uj\u00fa, \u017ee dne\u0161n\u00e1 globalizovan\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 je s\u00edce technologicky vyspelej\u0161ia, no z\u00e1rove\u0148 ove\u013ea viac z\u00e1visl\u00e1 od medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdch dod\u00e1vate\u013esk\u00fdch re\u0165azcov.<\/p>\n
Pre\u010do sme zranite\u013enej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e na\u0161i predkovia<\/p>\n
Pod\u013ea autorov \u0161t\u00fadie by dne\u0161n\u00fd svet mohol utrpie\u0165 ove\u013ea v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie ekonomick\u00e9 \u0161kody ne\u017e spolo\u010dnos\u0165 pred dvoma storo\u010diami.<\/p>\n
Modern\u00e9 po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo funguje s minim\u00e1lnymi rezervami, ve\u013ek\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 potrav\u00edn cestuje cez kontinenty a mest\u00e1 s\u00fa z\u00e1visl\u00e9 od ka\u017edodenn\u00fdch dod\u00e1vok. Nieko\u013ekoro\u010dn\u00e9 ochladenie by preto mohlo zasiahnu\u0165 nielen \u00farodu, ale aj ceny potrav\u00edn, energetiku \u010di zdravotn\u00edctvo.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Vedci preto vyz\u00fdvaj\u00fa vl\u00e1dy, aby sa nezaoberali iba prevenciou asteroidov alebo pand\u00e9mi\u00ed, ale pripravili aj scen\u00e1re pre ve\u013ek\u00e9 vulkanick\u00e9 erupcie.<\/p>\n
Nejde o predpove\u010f, ale o varovanie<\/p>\n
Autori \u0161t\u00fadie zd\u00f4raz\u0148uj\u00fa e\u0161te jednu d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa vec: nikto nevie poveda\u0165, kedy \u010fal\u0161\u00ed supervulk\u00e1n vybuchne.<\/p>\n
Ich cie\u013eom nie je predpoveda\u0165 \u201ekoniec sveta\u201c, ale upozorni\u0165 na riziko, ktor\u00e9 s\u00edce patr\u00ed medzi m\u00e1lo pravdepodobn\u00e9, no jeho n\u00e1sledky by boli mimoriadne rozsiahle. Pr\u00e1ve preto pod\u013ea nich d\u00e1va zmysel pripravova\u0165 sa sk\u00f4r, ne\u017e bude neskoro.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Pravdepodobnos\u0165 je jedna ku \u0161iestim<\/p>\n
Hoci katastrof\u00e1lne erupcie patria medzi zriedkav\u00e9 udalosti, vedci upozor\u0148uj\u00fa, \u017ee ich pravdepodobnos\u0165 nie je zanedbate\u013en\u00e1. Anal\u00fdza \u00fadajov z\u00edskan\u00fdch z \u013eadovcov\u00fdch jadier pod\u013ea Cambridgeskej univerzity nazna\u010duje, \u017ee pravdepodobnos\u0165 erupcie s magnit\u00fadou 7 v priebehu nasleduj\u00facich sto rokov je pribli\u017ene jedna ku \u0161iestim.<\/p>\n
\u201eJe to hod kockou,\u201c prirovnala riziko v\u00fdskumn\u00ed\u010dka Lara Mani z Centra pre \u0161t\u00fadium existen\u010dn\u00fdch riz\u00edk. Tak\u00e9to obrovsk\u00e9 erupcie pod\u013ea nej v minulosti sp\u00f4sobovali prudk\u00e9 klimatick\u00e9 zmeny a prispievali ku kolapsu civiliz\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Vedci odhaduj\u00fa, \u017ee erupcia tejto ve\u013ekosti sa m\u00f4\u017ee opakova\u0165 pribli\u017ene raz za 625 rokov. Poslednou erupciou magnit\u00fady 7 bola Tambora v Indon\u00e9zii v roku 1815.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"CAMBRIDGE \u2013 Asteroidy, jadrov\u00e9 vojny \u010di umel\u00e1 inteligencia pravidelne dominuj\u00fa debat\u00e1m o existen\u010dn\u00fdch hrozb\u00e1ch. Vedci z Cambridgeskej univerzity…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":170030,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[8],"tags":[6200,10297,33,12660,43,40,42,36,19697,50,3783,5343,49,48],"class_list":["post-170029","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-ludstvo","tag-nebezpecenstvo","tag-news","tag-ohrozenie","tag-sk","tag-slovak","tag-slovencina","tag-spravy","tag-supervulkan","tag-svet","tag-varovanie","tag-vedci","tag-world","tag-world-news"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@sk\/117210836227175982","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170029","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=170029"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170029\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/170030"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=170029"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=170029"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=170029"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}