Slovensko sa po kr\u00e1tkej prest\u00e1vke op\u00e4\u0165 vracia k jednej z najemot\u00edvnej\u0161\u00edch t\u00e9m dom\u00e1cej politiky. Diskusia o tom, kedy maj\u00fa \u013eudia odch\u00e1dza\u0165 na zasl\u00fa\u017een\u00fd odpo\u010dinok, nie je len o \u010d\u00edslach v z\u00e1konoch, ale o z\u00e1kladnom s\u013eube \u0161t\u00e1tu svojim ob\u010danom. Minister pr\u00e1ce, soci\u00e1lnych vec\u00ed a rodiny Erik Tom\u00e1\u0161 zo strany Hlas op\u00e4tovne otvoril ot\u00e1zku zavedenia d\u00f4chodkov\u00e9ho stropu a argumentuje pritom \u013eudskos\u0165ou aj spravodlivos\u0165ou. \n<\/p>\n
\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\tTom\u00e1\u0161: Zavedieme d\u00f4chodkov\u00fd strop, nem\u00f4\u017eeme \u013eud\u00ed z fabr\u00edk vyn\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 na cintor\u00edny. Minim\u00e1lnu mzdu chceme dosta\u0165 na 1000 eur \t\t\t<\/p>\n
\t \t\t\t Video \t<\/p>\n
\t\t\t\tMinister pr\u00e1ce, soci\u00e1lnych vec\u00ed a rodiny a podpredseda strany Hlas-SD Erik Tom\u00e1\u0161 sa v rel\u00e1cii Politick\u00e1 debata vyjadril k aktu\u00e1lnym t\u00e9mam, od pomoci Ukrajine po minim\u00e1lnu mzdu a soci\u00e1lne opatrenia. \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n
Na druhej strane barik\u00e1dy v\u0161ak stoja ekon\u00f3movia a Rada pre rozpo\u010dtov\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165, ktor\u00ed varuj\u00fa, \u017ee tento popul\u00e1rny krok m\u00f4\u017ee v\u00a0kone\u010dnom d\u00f4sledku podkopa\u0165 stabilitu cel\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu a pripravi\u0165 o\u00a0peniaze pr\u00e1ve tie gener\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa dnes v\u00a0produkt\u00edvnom veku. S\u00faboj medzi politick\u00fdm \u017eelan\u00edm dopria\u0165 \u013eu\u010fom jese\u0148 \u017eivota a ne\u00faprosnou matematikou demografick\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoja sa tak st\u00e1va hlavnou t\u00e9mou nadch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich mesiacov.<\/p>\n
Z\u00a0fabriky rovno na cintor\u00edn?<\/p>\n
Minister pr\u00e1ce Tom\u00e1\u0161 v\u00a0diskusnej rel\u00e1cii denn\u00edka Pravda Politick\u00e1 debata jasne nazna\u010dil, \u017ee s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 nastavenie d\u00f4chodkov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu pova\u017euje za ne\u00fanosn\u00e9. Pod\u013ea jeho slov sa vl\u00e1da v\u00a0programovom vyhl\u00e1sen\u00ed zaviazala k\u00a0zavedeniu d\u00f4chodkov\u00e9ho stropu, preto\u017ee automatick\u00e9 zvy\u0161ovanie veku odchodu do penzie, ktor\u00e9 zaviedla predch\u00e1dzaj\u00faca vl\u00e1da, vn\u00edma ako nespravodliv\u00e9 vo\u010di pracuj\u00facim.<\/p>\n
Minister v\u00a0diskusii pou\u017eil pomerne ostr\u00e9 prirovnania, ke\u010f sa p\u00fdtal, \u010di je cie\u013eom, aby \u013eudia pracovali a\u017e do vy\u010derpania. \u201eJe ot\u00e1zka teda, \u017ee dokedy maj\u00fa t\u00ed \u013eudia robi\u0165, to ich maj\u00fa ako\u017ee vyn\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 z\u00a0fabr\u00edk rovno na cintor\u00edny, \u017ee si teda neu\u017eij\u00fa t\u00fa jese\u0148 \u017eivota? Kde je ten vek, kedy u\u017e naozaj \u010dlovek nem\u00e1 pracova\u0165, 68\u00a0\u010di 70\u00a0rokov?\u201c p\u00fdtal sa Erik Tom\u00e1\u0161 v\u00a0rel\u00e1cii.<\/p>\n
Minister argumentuje t\u00fdm, \u017ee s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd syst\u00e9m naviazan\u00fd na stredn\u00fa d\u013a\u017eku do\u017eitia znamen\u00e1 neust\u00e1le od\u010fa\u013eovanie odchodu do d\u00f4chodku. Pod\u013ea jeho prepo\u010dtov sa vek odchodu zvy\u0161uje pribli\u017ene o\u00a0dva mesiace ka\u017ed\u00fd rok. Tom\u00e1\u0161 zd\u00f4raz\u0148uje, \u017ee vl\u00e1da chce chr\u00e1ni\u0165 najm\u00e4 tie kateg\u00f3rie \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fa \u0165a\u017ek\u00fa manu\u00e1lnu pr\u00e1cu. Ako pr\u00edklad uviedol stavb\u00e1rov, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa neust\u00e1le vystaven\u00ed fyzickej n\u00e1mahe v\u00a0nepriazniv\u00fdch podmienkach.<\/p>\n
Minister si v\u0161ak uvedomuje, \u017ee pau\u0161\u00e1lne zavedenie stropu pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch m\u00f4\u017ee narazi\u0165 na pr\u00edsne podmienky Eur\u00f3pskej komisie a Pl\u00e1nu obnovy, ku ktor\u00e9mu sa Slovensko zaviazalo. Ak by sa nepodarilo presadi\u0165 strop pre cel\u00fa popul\u00e1ciu, ministerstvo sa chce s\u00fastredi\u0165 aspo\u0148 na vybran\u00e9 \u0161pecifick\u00e9 skupiny pracuj\u00facich v\u00a0rizikov\u00fdch povolaniach. Pri ot\u00e1zke na konkr\u00e9tny vek je zatia\u013e opatrn\u00fd, no hranicu 65\u00a0rokov pova\u017euje za psychologick\u00e9 maximum. Pod\u013ea neho by zavedenie stropu na \u00farovni 68\u00a0rokov nemalo pre ob\u010danov \u017eiadny v\u00fdznam a vl\u00e1da by za tak\u00fdto n\u00e1vrh zo\u017eala len v\u00fdsmech.<\/p>\n
Rozpo\u010dtov\u00e1 rada varuje pred devasta\u010dn\u00fdmi n\u00e1sledkami<\/p>\n
K\u00fdm politici hovoria o\u00a0soci\u00e1lnych istot\u00e1ch, str\u00e1\u017ecovia verejn\u00fdch financi\u00ed z\u00a0Rady pre rozpo\u010dtov\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165 (RRZ) vidia v\u00a0t\u00fdchto pl\u00e1noch v\u00e1\u017enu hrozbu. Martin \u0160uster z\u00a0RRZ upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee ak\u00e9ko\u013evek zastropovanie d\u00f4chodkov\u00e9ho veku bez adekv\u00e1tnej finan\u010dnej kompenz\u00e1cie zhor\u0161\u00ed dlhodob\u00fa udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 verejn\u00fdch financi\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Pod\u013ea odborn\u00fdch prepo\u010dtov by sa deficit preh\u013abil o\u00a0pribli\u017ene jedno percento hrub\u00e9ho dom\u00e1ceho produktu. \u0160uster zd\u00f4raz\u0148uje, \u017ee situ\u00e1cia je dnes ove\u013ea hor\u0161ia ako v\u00a0roku 2018, ke\u010f sa o\u00a0strope rozhodovalo prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t. Vtedy boli verejn\u00e9 financie v\u00a0relat\u00edvne dobrej kond\u00edcii, no dnes sa Slovensko bor\u00ed s\u00a0vysok\u00fdmi deficitmi a narastaj\u00facim dlhom. \u201ePre verejn\u00e9 financie, ale aj pre perspekt\u00edvu ekonomick\u00e9ho rastu na Slovensku by to bolo devasta\u010dn\u00e9. Dnes je ukazovate\u013e dlhodobej udr\u017eate\u013enosti tesne pod piatimi percentami a deficity verejn\u00fdch financi\u00ed boli tri roky po sebe cez p\u00e4\u0165 percent. Dodato\u010dn\u00e1 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e by n\u00e1s znovu posunula do vysok\u00e9ho rizika,\u201c vysvet\u013euje \u0160uster.<\/p>\n
Analytici RRZ pripom\u00ednaj\u00fa, \u017ee ak by \u0161t\u00e1t chcel neutralizova\u0165 negat\u00edvny vplyv stropu na rozpo\u010det, musel by okam\u017eite zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 soci\u00e1lne odvody o\u00a0tri percentu\u00e1lne body. Ak by sa k\u00a0tomuto kroku prist\u00fapilo nesk\u00f4r, zv\u00fd\u0161enie by muselo by\u0165 a\u017e o\u00a0osem bodov. To by v\u0161ak viedlo k\u00a0tot\u00e1lnej strate konkurencieschopnosti slovensk\u00e9ho trhu pr\u00e1ce, ke\u010f\u017ee u\u017e dnes je da\u0148ovo-odvodov\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie pr\u00e1ce na Slovensku v\u00fdrazne nad priemerom Eur\u00f3pskej\u00a0\u00fanie.<\/p>\n
\t\tSte za zavedenie d\u00f4chodkov\u00e9ho stropu do 65-ky?<\/p>\n
\u0160uster navy\u0161e upozor\u0148uje na demografick\u00fa kr\u00edzu. Po\u010det \u013eud\u00ed v\u00a0produkt\u00edvnom veku na Slovensku kles\u00e1 a skor\u0161ie odchody do d\u00f4chodku by tento trend len ur\u00fdchlili. Trh pr\u00e1ce u\u017e teraz poci\u0165uje nedostatok kvalifikovan\u00fdch zamestnancov, od u\u010dite\u013eov a\u017e po lek\u00e1rov. Systematick\u00e9 posielanie sk\u00fasen\u00fdch pracovn\u00edkov do penzie sk\u00f4r by mohlo sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 kolaps v\u00a0hlavn\u00fdch sektoroch\u00a0\u0161t\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n
M\u00fdtus o\u00a0nekone\u010dnej pr\u00e1ci a realita do\u017eitia v\u00a0zdrav\u00ed<\/p>\n
Jedn\u00fdm z\u00a0argumentov pre zavedenie stropu je obava, \u017ee \u013eudia bud\u00fa musie\u0165 pracova\u0165 a\u017e do smrti. Odborn\u00edci z\u00a0RRZ v\u0161ak toto tvrdenie ozna\u010duj\u00fa za neopodstatnen\u00e9 stra\u0161enie. S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd d\u00f4chodkov\u00fd automat je nastaven\u00fd tak, aby reflektoval predl\u017euj\u00facu sa d\u013a\u017eku \u017eivota. Zmyslom syst\u00e9mu je zabezpe\u010di\u0165, aby ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlovek str\u00e1vil na d\u00f4chodku v\u00a0priemere 20\u00a0a\u017e 21\u00a0rokov. Ak sa do\u017e\u00edvame vy\u0161\u0161ieho veku, logicky sa pos\u00fava aj hranica odchodu do penzie, aby syst\u00e9m zostal vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd.<\/p>\n
\u201eJednoducho stra\u0161enie nejak\u00fdm enormne vysok\u00fdm d\u00f4chodkov\u00fdm vekom je \u00faplne neopodstatnen\u00e9 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ve\u013emi nezodpovedn\u00e9. Len ak budeme \u017ei\u0165 dlh\u0161ie\u00a0\u2013 a to nevyhnutne znamen\u00e1, \u017ee budeme aj zdrav\u0161\u00ed a v\u00a0lep\u0161ej kond\u00edcii\u00a0\u2013 len vtedy sa bude zvy\u0161ova\u0165 d\u00f4chodkov\u00fd vek. Ak by na\u0161a zdravotn\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia zostala rovnak\u00e1 ako teraz, nebude r\u00e1s\u0165 ani d\u00f4chodkov\u00fd vek,\u201c pripom\u00edna Martin \u0160uster.<\/p>\n
Pod\u013ea aktu\u00e1lnych progn\u00f3z dosiahne Slovensko d\u00f4chodkov\u00fd vek 65\u00a0rokov a\u017e okolo roku 2040.\u00a0To sa bude t\u00fdka\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed naroden\u00fdch v\u00a0roku 1975\u00a0a mlad\u0161\u00edch. Dne\u0161n\u00ed dvadsiatnici, ktor\u00ed pr\u00e1ve vstupuj\u00fa na trh pr\u00e1ce, m\u00f4\u017eu o\u010dak\u00e1va\u0165 odchod do d\u00f4chodku okolo veku 67\u00a0a\u017e 68\u00a0rokov, no v\u00a0tom \u010dase bude d\u013a\u017eka \u017eivota pravdepodobne ove\u013ea vy\u0161\u0161ia ako dnes. Zastropovanie veku by pod\u013ea RRZ viedlo k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee u\u017e o\u00a0tridsa\u0165 rokov by na 100\u00a0pracuj\u00facich pripadalo a\u017e 65\u00a0d\u00f4chodcov. V\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti je tento pomer na \u00farovni 38\u00a0percent. Udr\u017eanie fixn\u00e9ho stropu pri klesaj\u00facom po\u010dte det\u00ed a starn\u00facej popul\u00e1cii je matematicky nerealizovate\u013en\u00e9 bez toho, aby dramaticky klesla v\u00fd\u0161ka samotn\u00fdch d\u00f4chodkov alebo aby \u0161t\u00e1t drasticky nezv\u00fd\u0161il dane v\u0161etk\u00fdm ostatn\u00fdm.<\/p>\n
\u010cesk\u00e1 in\u0161pir\u00e1cia<\/p>\n
Slovensko sa pri svojich \u00favah\u00e1ch o\u00a0d\u00f4chodkoch \u010dasto pozer\u00e1 na z\u00e1pad k\u00a0svojim susedom. V\u00a0\u010ceskej republike sa moment\u00e1lne odohr\u00e1va podobn\u00fd s\u00faboj o\u00a0d\u00f4chodkov\u00fa reformu. \u010cesk\u00fd minister pr\u00e1ce Ale\u0161 Juchelka pri\u0161iel s\u00a0n\u00e1vrhom na zastropovanie veku na 65\u00a0rokoch a v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161enie valoriz\u00e1cie penzi\u00ed. Tento krok m\u00e1 seniorom prinies\u0165 viac pe\u0148az\u00ed u\u017e od janu\u00e1ra bud\u00faceho roka, no \u010desk\u00e1 opoz\u00edcia aj experti varuj\u00fa pred obrovskou dierou v\u00a0rozpo\u010dte. Odhaduje sa, \u017ee navrhovan\u00e9 opatrenia by za\u0165a\u017eili \u0161t\u00e1tnu pokladnicu u\u00a0na\u0161ich susedov sumou a\u017e 127\u00a0mili\u00e1rd kor\u00fan\u00a0ro\u010dne.<\/p>\n
Ekon\u00f3m Filip Pertold z\u00a0\u010desk\u00e9ho think-tanku IDEA uviedol pre \u010desk\u00e9 Aktuality, \u017ee na tak\u00e9to \u0161tedr\u00e9 d\u00f4chodky jednoducho nebude v\u00a0rozpo\u010dte dos\u0165 pe\u0148az\u00ed. Rie\u0161en\u00edm bude bu\u010f \u010fal\u0161ie zadl\u017eovanie krajiny, alebo zvy\u0161ovanie dan\u00ed, \u010do v\u00a0kone\u010dnom d\u00f4sledku zaplatia mlad\u0161ie gener\u00e1cie. Exminister Marian Jure\u010dka navy\u0161e pripom\u00edna, \u017ee peniaze bud\u00fa \u010doskoro ch\u00fdba\u0165 inde\u00a0\u2013 v\u00a0syst\u00e9me soci\u00e1lnej starostlivosti.<\/p>\n
Do roku 2035\u00a0sa v\u00a0\u010cesku v\u00fdrazne zv\u00fd\u0161i po\u010det \u013eud\u00ed star\u0161\u00edch ako 85\u00a0rokov, pre ktor\u00fdch bude potrebn\u00e9 vybudova\u0165 tis\u00edce nov\u00fdch l\u00f4\u017eok v\u00a0domovoch seniorov. \u201eCh\u00e1pem, \u017ee \u013eudia chc\u00fa vy\u0161\u0161ie d\u00f4chodky. Ale kvalita \u017eivota seniorov bude za osem rokov z\u00e1visie\u0165 najm\u00e4 od toho, \u010di sa o\u00a0nich bude ma\u0165 kto postara\u0165,\u201c uviedol Jure\u010dka k\u00a0situ\u00e1cii v\u00a0\u010cesku. Podobn\u00e1 dilema \u010dak\u00e1 aj Slovensko, kde infra\u0161trukt\u00fara pre seniorov dlhodobo nest\u00edha pokr\u00fdva\u0165\u00a0dopyt.<\/p>\n
Z\u00e1v\u00e4zky vo\u010di Bruselu<\/p>\n
Okrem ekonomick\u00fdch a demografick\u00fdch prek\u00e1\u017eok stoj\u00ed slovenskej vl\u00e1de v\u00a0ceste aj medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fd z\u00e1v\u00e4zok. Predch\u00e1dzaj\u00faca vl\u00e1da v\u00a0r\u00e1mci Pl\u00e1nu obnovy a odolnosti s\u00fahlasila s\u00a0opatreniami na zlep\u0161enie dlhodobej udr\u017eate\u013enosti d\u00f4chodkov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, medzi ktor\u00e9 patrilo aj znovuzavedenie d\u00f4chodkov\u00e9ho automatu. Ak by s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e1 vl\u00e1da tento mechanizmus zru\u0161ila a op\u00e4\u0165 zaviedla pau\u0161\u00e1lny strop, Slovensko riskuje, \u017ee Eur\u00f3pska komisia pozastav\u00ed vypl\u00e1canie mili\u00e1rd eur ur\u010den\u00fdch na obnovu krajiny.<\/p>\n
Minister Tom\u00e1\u0161 v\u00a0diskusii priznal, \u017ee t\u00e1to t\u00e9ma je predmetom intenz\u00edvnej komunik\u00e1cie s\u00a0Bruselom. Vl\u00e1da sa sna\u017e\u00ed n\u00e1js\u0165 cestu, ako splni\u0165 svoj politick\u00fd s\u013eub a z\u00e1rove\u0148 neohrozi\u0165 pr\u00edsun eur\u00f3pskych pe\u0148az\u00ed. Cestou by mohlo by\u0165 spom\u00ednan\u00e9 selekt\u00edvne zastropovanie len pre ur\u010dit\u00e9 profesie, \u010do v\u0161ak otv\u00e1ra \u010fal\u0161iu Pandorinu skrinku.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Slovensko sa po kr\u00e1tkej prest\u00e1vke op\u00e4\u0165 vracia k jednej z najemot\u00edvnej\u0161\u00edch t\u00e9m dom\u00e1cej politiky. Diskusia o tom, kedy…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":26453,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[64,12346,2951,65,66,12349,12347,12348,43,40,39,42,41,12345],"class_list":{"0":"post-26452","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-ekonomika","8":"tag-business","9":"tag-dochodkovy-strop","10":"tag-dochodok","11":"tag-economic","12":"tag-ekonomika","13":"tag-mozno","14":"tag-odchodu","15":"tag-penzie","16":"tag-sk","17":"tag-slovak","18":"tag-slovakia","19":"tag-slovencina","20":"tag-slovensko","21":"tag-vek-odchodu-do-dochodku"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@sk\/116282885500757453","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26452","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26452"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26452\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26453"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26452"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26452"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26452"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}