{"id":27400,"date":"2026-03-25T09:07:08","date_gmt":"2026-03-25T09:07:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/27400\/"},"modified":"2026-03-25T09:07:08","modified_gmt":"2026-03-25T09:07:08","slug":"vedci-dokazali-ozivit-mozog-po-hlbokom-zmrazeni-pamat-prezila-aj-uplne-zmrazenie-kryospanok-sa-priblizuje-realite-vosveteit-sk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/27400\/","title":{"rendered":"Vedci dok\u00e1zali \u201eo\u017eivi\u0165\u201c mozog po hlbokom zmrazen\u00ed. Pam\u00e4\u0165 pre\u017eila aj \u00fapln\u00e9 zmrazenie, kryosp\u00e1nok sa pribli\u017euje realite | Vosveteit.sk"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vedci sa op\u00e4\u0165 posunuli o krok bli\u017e\u0161ie k technol\u00f3gii, ktor\u00e1 doteraz patrila sk\u00f4r do sci-fi filmov alebo literat\u00fary. T\u00edm z University of Erlangen\u2013Nuremberg dok\u00e1zal obnovi\u0165 aktivitu v mozgov\u00fdch vzork\u00e1ch my\u0161\u00ed po extr\u00e9mnom zmrazen\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 je z\u00e1kladom pre sci-fi technol\u00f3gie ako kryosp\u00e1nok<\/a>. V\u00fdsledky publikoval vo vedeckom \u010dasopise Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.<\/p>\n

K\u013e\u00fa\u010dom k \u00faspechu nebolo klasick\u00e9 zmrazenie, ale proces naz\u00fdvan\u00fd vitrifik\u00e1cia. Pri \u0148om sa tkanivo ochlad\u00ed tak r\u00fdchlo, \u017ee sa v \u0148om nevytvoria \u013eadov\u00e9 kry\u0161t\u00e1ly. Kvapalina sa \u201euzamkne\u201c do stavu podobn\u00e9ho sklu a molekul\u00e1rny pohyb sa prakticky zastav\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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Odoberaj Vosveteit.sk cez Telegram a prihl\u00e1s sa k odberu spr\u00e1v
\n <\/a><\/p>\n

To predstavuje z\u00e1sadn\u00fd rozdiel. Be\u017en\u00e9 zmrazenie po\u0161kod\u00ed bunky, \u013ead ich roztrhne zvn\u00fatra. Vitrifik\u00e1cia tento probl\u00e9m ob\u00edde.<\/p>\n

\u201eAk je funkcia mozgu v\u00fdsledkom jeho fyzickej \u0161trukt\u00fary, ako ju obnov\u00edme po \u00faplnom vypnut\u00ed?\u201c p\u00fdta sa ved\u00faci v\u00fdskumu Alexander German.<\/p>\n

Vedci pracovali s ve\u013emi tenk\u00fdmi pl\u00e1tkami mozgu<\/a>, hrub\u00fdmi pribli\u017ene 350 mikrometrov, informuje Futurism.<\/a> Tie ponorili do \u0161peci\u00e1lneho roztoku a n\u00e1sledne ochladili na extr\u00e9mne n\u00edzku teplotu pomocou tekut\u00e9ho dus\u00edka. V tomto stave ostali od nieko\u013ek\u00fdch min\u00fat a\u017e po nieko\u013eko dn\u00ed. Potom nasledovalo opatrn\u00e9 rozmrazenie. A pr\u00e1ve tu pri\u0161lo prekvapenie.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdskumn\u00edci dok\u00e1zali mozog rozmrazi\u0165 a prebra\u0165 ho k \u017eivotu<\/p>\n

Bunkov\u00e9 \u0161trukt\u00fary ostali zachovan\u00e9. Neur\u00f3ny reagovali na elektrick\u00e9 podnety. A \u010do je e\u0161te d\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie, zachoval sa aj mechanizmus spojen\u00fd s u\u010den\u00edm a pam\u00e4\u0165ou,\u00a0tzv. dlhodob\u00e1 potenci\u00e1cia.<\/p>\n

Neprehliadni
\n <\/p>\n

\"Tvoje\"Tvoje <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tPopul\u00e1rna spravodajsk\u00e1 aplik\u00e1cia pre iOS a Android dostala ve\u013ek\u00fa aktualiz\u00e1ciu. Pribudlo mno\u017estvo nov\u00fdch funkci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 mus\u00ed\u0161 vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 <\/p>\n

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\"Prv\u00fd\"Prv\u00fdZdroj: Vosveteit.sk, AI<\/p>\n

\u201eZaznamenali sme zachovanie procesov spojen\u00fdch s u\u010den\u00edm a pam\u00e4\u0165ou,\u201c uv\u00e1dza \u0161t\u00fadia.<\/p>\n

Tento detail men\u00ed poh\u013ead na to, \u010do vlastne znamen\u00e1 \u201e\u017eivot\u201c a \u201esmr\u0165\u201c. Doteraz sa smr\u0165 vn\u00edmala ako konkr\u00e9tny okamih, zastavenie srdca a mozgu. Tento experiment v\u0161ak podporuje predstavu, \u017ee ide sk\u00f4r o proces.<\/p>\n

Ak vedci dok\u00e1\u017eu zastavi\u0165 molekul\u00e1rny pohyb a nesk\u00f4r ho obnovi\u0165 bez straty pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00fdch st\u00f4p, biologick\u00fd \u010das sa pre dan\u00e9 tkanivo v podstate zastav\u00ed. Mozog nefunguje, no jeho \u0161trukt\u00fara, a t\u00fdm aj inform\u00e1cia, pretrv\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1ve tu sa v\u00fdskum stret\u00e1va s te\u00f3riami z oblasti informatiky a neurovedy. Ak by sa pri rozmrazen\u00ed vymazali synapsie, mozog by stratil obsah, podobne ako vymazan\u00fd disk. Zachovanie dlhodobej potenci\u00e1cie v\u0161ak nazna\u010duje opak.<\/p>\n

Pam\u00e4\u0165 a osobnos\u0165 sa zdaj\u00fa by\u0165 ulo\u017een\u00e9 priamo v \u0161trukt\u00fare mozgu. A t\u00e1to \u0161trukt\u00fara dok\u00e1\u017ee pre\u017ei\u0165 aj extr\u00e9mne podmienky.<\/p>\n

Met\u00f3da rozmrazenia zatia\u013e nedok\u00e1\u017ee pracova\u0165 s cel\u00fdm mozgom<\/p>\n

To v\u0161ak neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee vedci dok\u00e1\u017eu \u201eo\u017eivi\u0165\u201c cel\u00fd mozog alebo vedomie. Zatia\u013e ide len o mal\u00e9 vzorky tkaniva. Aj tak v\u0161ak ide o z\u00e1sadn\u00fd d\u00f4kaz, \u017ee n\u00e1vrat funkcie po \u00faplnom zastaven\u00ed nie je vyl\u00fa\u010den\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Ve\u013ekou v\u00fdzvou zost\u00e1va samotn\u00e9 rozmrazovanie. Pri mal\u00fdch vzork\u00e1ch sa d\u00e1 proces kontrolova\u0165 relat\u00edvne jednoducho. Pri v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch objektoch v\u0161ak vznik\u00e1 probl\u00e9m. Ak sa niektor\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 ohrieva pomal\u0161ie, m\u00f4\u017ee d\u00f4js\u0165 k tzv. devitrifik\u00e1cii. Vtedy sa za\u010dn\u00fa tvori\u0165 \u013eadov\u00e9 kry\u0161t\u00e1ly, a tie bunky zni\u010dia.<\/p>\n

Vedci preto sk\u00famaj\u00fa nov\u00e9 rie\u0161enia. Jedn\u00fdm z nich je technol\u00f3gia naz\u00fdvan\u00e1 nanowarming. Do tkaniva sa pridaj\u00fa magnetick\u00e9 nano\u010dastice, ktor\u00e9 sa v elektromagnetickom poli rozkmitaj\u00fa a zahrej\u00fa ho zvn\u00fatra rovnomerne. Zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee ide o podobn\u00fd princ\u00edp, ak\u00fd sa testuje aj pri in\u00fdch medic\u00ednskych technol\u00f3gi\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdskum m\u00e1 viacero praktick\u00fdch vyu\u017eit\u00ed. M\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 pri ochrane mozgu po \u00farazoch, pri dlhodobom uchov\u00e1van\u00ed org\u00e1nov<\/a> na transplant\u00e1ciu alebo pri spomalen\u00ed biologick\u00fdch procesov v kritick\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Vedci dokonca nazna\u010duj\u00fa aj vzdialenej\u0161\u00ed cie\u013e, dlhodob\u00e9 \u201euspatie\u201c organizmov. Tento koncept pozn\u00e1\u0161 napr\u00edklad z filmu Votrelec, kde postavy pre\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa roky v kryosp\u00e1nku po\u010das vesm\u00edrnych ciest.<\/p>\n

Realita v\u0161ak zatia\u013e zaost\u00e1va, prizn\u00e1vaj\u00fa autori \u0161t\u00fadie.<\/p>\n

\"bunky_1\"\"bunky_1\"Zdroj: Cinefootage \/ depositphotos.com<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201ePotrebujeme lep\u0161ie roztoky na vitrifik\u00e1ciu a pokro\u010dilej\u0161ie technol\u00f3gie chladenia a ohrievania,\u201c upozor\u0148uje German.<\/p>\n

Zmrazovanie otv\u00e1ra ot\u00e1zky hranice medzi \u017eivotom a smr\u0165ou<\/p>\n

Popri technick\u00fdch probl\u00e9moch sa objavuj\u00fa aj etick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky. Ak by raz existovala mo\u017enos\u0165 \u201euspa\u0165\u201c mozog na neur\u010dito, kde by sa nach\u00e1dzala hranica medzi \u017eivotom a smr\u0165ou?<\/p>\n

Mohli by pacienti s nevylie\u010dite\u013en\u00fdmi chorobami zvoli\u0165 kryost\u00e1zu namiesto s\u00fa\u010dasnej lie\u010dby s n\u00e1dejou na bud\u00face rie\u0161enie? Tak\u00e1to ot\u00e1zka u\u017e nepatr\u00ed len do sci-fi, ale postupne sa dost\u00e1va aj do re\u00e1lnych diskusi\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zatia\u013e v\u0161ak ide o experiment, ktor\u00fd uk\u00e1zal jednu d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa vec, mozgov\u00e9 tkanivo dok\u00e1\u017ee pre\u017ei\u0165 viac, ne\u017e sa doteraz predpokladalo. \u010ci raz budeme m\u00f4c\u0165 \u010dloveka zmrazi\u0165 a uspa\u0165, napr\u00edklad pri dek\u00e1dach cestovania vesm\u00edrom, uk\u00e1\u017eu a\u017e \u010fal\u0161ie kroky v\u00fdskumu.<\/p>\n


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