{"id":38892,"date":"2026-04-08T01:26:10","date_gmt":"2026-04-08T01:26:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/38892\/"},"modified":"2026-04-08T01:26:10","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T01:26:10","slug":"vedci-si-myslia-ze-nasli-prveho-predka-cloveka-ktory-chodil-vzpriamene-neprisiel-vsak-z-afriky-vosveteit-sk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/38892\/","title":{"rendered":"Vedci si myslia, \u017ee na\u0161li prv\u00e9ho predka \u010dloveka, ktor\u00fd chodil vzpriamene. Nepri\u0161iel v\u0161ak z Afriky | Vosveteit.sk"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vedci z N\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho m\u00fazea pr\u00edrodnej hist\u00f3rie<\/a> v Sofii ned\u00e1vno predstavili objav, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee zmeni\u0165 n\u00e1\u0161 poh\u013ead na najstar\u0161iu evol\u00faciu \u010dloveka. T\u00edm pod veden\u00edm Nikolaja Spassova analyzoval stehnov\u00fa kos\u0165 z lokality Azmaka pri Chirpane v Bulharsku, star\u00fa pribli\u017ene 7,2 mili\u00f3na rokov. Kosti pripisuj\u00fa balk\u00e1nskemu homin\u00ednovi Graecopithekusovi a pod\u013ea \u0161t\u00fadie publikovanej v Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments m\u00f4\u017ee \u00eds\u0165 o najstar\u0161ieho zn\u00e1meho \u010dloveka<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Bipedalizmus<\/a>, schopnos\u0165 chodi\u0165 vzpriamene, sa pova\u017euje za k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fd znak homin\u00ednov. Doteraz sa za prv\u00e9ho biped\u00e1lneho homin\u00edna pova\u017eoval africk\u00fd Sahelanthropus, star\u00fd 7\u20136,5 mili\u00f3na rokov. Orrorin z Kene, ktor\u00fd sa objavil o mili\u00f3n rokov nesk\u00f4r, tie\u017e vykazuje zn\u00e1mky ch\u00f4dze po dvoch noh\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

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\u201eAnal\u00fdza stehennej kosti ukazuje, \u017ee bipedalizmus mohol za\u010da\u0165 sk\u00f4r v Eur\u00f3pe, ne\u017e sa predpokladalo,\u201c vysvet\u013euje Spassov.<\/p>\n

Kosti obsahuj\u00fa kombin\u00e1ciu znakov typick\u00fdch pre ch\u00f4dzu po \u0161tyroch aj pre biped\u00e1lnu ch\u00f4dzu<\/a>. Patr\u00ed medzi ne pred\u013a\u017een\u00fd kr\u010dek stehennej kosti, poloha glute\u00e1lnej hrbolky a in\u00e9. Tieto prvky ukazuj\u00fa podobnos\u0165 s biped\u00e1lnymi homin\u00ednmi a \u010dlovekom a odli\u0161uj\u00fa ich od stromov\u00fdch op\u00edc. Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e1 tomografia tie\u017e odhalila asymetrick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj kortexu kr\u010dka, spodn\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 kosti je hrub\u0161ia ne\u017e horn\u00e1, presne tak, ako u \u013eud\u00ed a neskor\u0161\u00edch hominidov. U stromov\u00fdch op\u00edc je hr\u00fabka kosti rovnomern\u00e1 po celom obvode, \u010do vizualizuje, ako bipedalizmus men\u00ed stavbu kost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"Mal\"MalZdroj: NMNHS<\/a>
\n\u010ce\u013eus\u0165 n\u00e1jden\u00e1 v Gr\u00e9cku posil\u0148uje zaradenie Graecopitheka k na\u0161im predkom<\/p>\n

Siln\u00fd argument pre Graecopitheka ako predka \u010dloveka poskytuje aj star\u0161ia n\u00e1jden\u00e1 spodn\u00e1 \u010de\u013eus\u0165 v Gr\u00e9cku. CT skeny uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee korene jeho \u010drenov\u00fdch zubov s\u00fa \u010diasto\u010dne zrasten\u00e9. Op\u00e4\u0165 ide o znak typick\u00fd pre homin\u00ednov, ktor\u00fd \u0161impanzy<\/a> nemaj\u00fa. Spojenie tohto znaku na zuboch a bipedalizmu z Azmaky vytv\u00e1ra ve\u013emi presved\u010div\u00fd argument, \u017ee nejde o n\u00e1hodu, ale o skuto\u010dn\u00e9ho predka \u010dloveka.<\/p>\n

Objav spochyb\u0148uje tradi\u010dn\u00e9 presved\u010denie, \u017ee Afrika je jedinou kol\u00edskou \u013eudstva. Prostredie Balk\u00e1nu v obdob\u00ed neskor\u00e9ho Mioc\u00e9nu pripom\u00ednalo savanu, podobn\u00fa dne\u0161nej africkej<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Neprehliadni
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\"Tvoje\"Tvoje <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tPopul\u00e1rna spravodajsk\u00e1 aplik\u00e1cia pre iOS a Android dostala ve\u013ek\u00fa aktualiz\u00e1ciu. Pribudlo mno\u017estvo nov\u00fdch funkci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 mus\u00ed\u0161 vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 <\/p>\n

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\u201eSavana poskytovala ide\u00e1lne podmienky pre biped\u00e1lnu ch\u00f4dzu, umo\u017e\u0148ovala lep\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdh\u013ead, h\u013eadanie potravy a pozorovanie pred\u00e1torov,\u201c dod\u00e1va Dionisios Youlatos z Aristotelovej univerzity v Thessalonik\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Koniec mioc\u00e9nu priniesol dramatick\u00e9 zmeny. Po\u010das takzvanej Messinskej salinitnej kr\u00edzy takmer vyschlo Stredozemn\u00e9 more a hust\u00e9 lesy na Balk\u00e1ne zmizli. Graecopithekus sa musel prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165. Autori \u0161t\u00fadie hovoria, \u017ee vzpriamen\u00fd postoj mu umo\u017enil vidie\u0165 pred\u00e1torov nad vysokou tr\u00e1vou a uvo\u013enil ruky na pren\u00e1\u0161anie potravy v otvorenej krajine, kde stromy neboli tak bl\u00edzko.<\/p>\n

Vedci tie\u017e poukazuj\u00fa na migr\u00e1cie cicavcov z Balk\u00e1nu do Afriky pred 8\u20135,5 mili\u00f3nmi rokov. V\u00fdvoj Arabskej p\u00fa\u0161te vytvoril bari\u00e9ru, ktor\u00e1 br\u00e1nila sp\u00e4tn\u00fdm migr\u00e1ci\u00e1m, tak\u017ee Eur\u00f3pa a Balk\u00e1n sa stali v\u00fdznamnou kri\u017eovatkou pre evol\u00faciu a \u0161\u00edrenie druhov. Graecopithekus mohol by\u0165 jedn\u00fdm z migrantov do Afriky, ktor\u00fd dal vznikn\u00fa\u0165 predchodcom australopiteka Lucy.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"australopithecus\"australopithecusZdroj: Procy \/ Shutterstock.com
\nMedzi\u010dl\u00e1nok medzi \u017eivotom na strome a vzpriamenou biped\u00e1lnou ch\u00f4dzou<\/p>\n

Graecopithekus nechodil \u00faplne ako modern\u00fd \u010dlovek. Jeho stehenn\u00e1 kos\u0165 kombinuje znaky stromov\u00fdch op\u00edc a pozemsk\u00fdch bipedov, predstavuje medzistupe\u0148 medzi stromov\u00fdmi predkami a t\u00fdmi, ktor\u00ed sa presunuli na zem a chodili vzpriamene ako modern\u00ed \u013eudia. <\/p>\n

\u201eTento homin\u00edn sp\u00e1ja znaky pozemsk\u00e9ho kvadrupedizmu a schopnosti ch\u00f4dze po dvoch noh\u00e1ch, \u010do z neho rob\u00ed d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok v evolu\u010dnom re\u0165azci,\u201c uv\u00e1dza Madelaine B\u00f6hme z univerzity v T\u00fcbingene.<\/p>\n

Graecopithekus pravdepodobne vych\u00e1dzal z balk\u00e1nskych a anatolsk\u00fdch op\u00edc, ako Ouranopithekus zo severn\u00e9ho Gr\u00e9cka a Anadoluvius z Anat\u00f3lie, ktor\u00e9 sa presunuli do Afriky a stali sa predkami africk\u00fdch op\u00edc a \u010dloveka. Tieto pohyby ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee dne\u0161n\u00e1 africk\u00e1 savana a jej fauna maj\u00fa \u010diasto\u010dne eur\u00f3psky p\u00f4vod.<\/p>\n

Vedci pokra\u010duj\u00fa v prieskume Azmaky a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch lokal\u00edt na Balk\u00e1ne, aby lep\u0161ie pochopili ekol\u00f3giu a evol\u00faciu tohto ran\u00e9ho biped\u00e1lneho tvora.<\/p>\n


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<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Vedci z N\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho m\u00fazea pr\u00edrodnej hist\u00f3rie v Sofii ned\u00e1vno predstavili objav, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee zmeni\u0165 n\u00e1\u0161 poh\u013ead na najstar\u0161iu…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":38893,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[2837,16934,11706,13905,16935,34,4926,37,16936,16937,33,11720,43,40,39,42,41,36,38,35],"class_list":{"0":"post-38892","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-spravy","8":"tag-afrika","9":"tag-chodenie-po-dvoch","10":"tag-clovek","11":"tag-evolucia","12":"tag-graecopithekus","13":"tag-headlines","14":"tag-historia","15":"tag-hlavne-spravy","16":"tag-hominin","17":"tag-lucy","18":"tag-news","19":"tag-predkovia","20":"tag-sk","21":"tag-slovak","22":"tag-slovakia","23":"tag-slovencina","24":"tag-slovensko","25":"tag-spravy","26":"tag-titulky","27":"tag-top-stories"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@sk\/116366487308849625","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38892","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38892"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38892\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38893"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38892"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38892"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}