{"id":43018,"date":"2026-04-13T06:35:10","date_gmt":"2026-04-13T06:35:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/43018\/"},"modified":"2026-04-13T06:35:10","modified_gmt":"2026-04-13T06:35:10","slug":"takmer-2-900-kilometrov-pod-zemou-vedci-odhalili-zahadne-pohyby-na-hranici-zemskeho-jadra-vosveteit-sk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/43018\/","title":{"rendered":"Takmer 2 900 kilometrov pod Zemou: Vedci odhalili z\u00e1hadn\u00e9 pohyby na hranici zemsk\u00e9ho jadra | Vosveteit.sk"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pod\u013ea v\u00fdsledkov najnov\u0161ieho v\u00fdskumu pod povrchom Zeme prebieha proces, v r\u00e1mci ktor\u00e9ho sa najspodnej\u0161ia \u010das\u0165 pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165a pohybuje a deformuje, informuje port\u00e1l SciTech Daily.<\/a> Tento rozsiahly, pomaly sa kr\u00fatiaci oce\u00e1n horn\u00edn popri tom tla\u010d\u00ed na tektonick\u00e9 dosky, ktor\u00e9 vid\u00edme na povrchu, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa s\u00e1m tvaruje sp\u00f4sobom, ktor\u00fd vedci doteraz poznali len na papieri. <\/p>\n

Nov\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia uverejnen\u00e1 v The Seismic Record<\/a> poskytuje najkomplexnej\u0161\u00ed poh\u013ead na tieto pohyby a ukazuje, \u017ee deform\u00e1cie sa najviac s\u00fastre\u010fuj\u00fa v oblastiach, kam po tis\u00edcoch kilometrov klesli star\u00e9 tektonick\u00e9 platne.<\/p>\n

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T\u00edm veden\u00fd Jonathanom Wolfom z Kalifornskej univerzity v Berkeley vytvoril glob\u00e1lnu mapu vyu\u017eit\u00edm viac ne\u017e 16 mili\u00f3nov seismogramov zo 24 d\u00e1tov\u00fdch centier po celom svete.<\/p>\n

\u201eVieme, \u017ee deform\u00e1cia v hornom pl\u00e1\u0161ti je ovplyvnen\u00e1 pohybom dosiek, a ve\u013emi dobre sa to zhoduje so seizmickou anizotropiou, ktor\u00fa pozorujeme. Ale podobn\u00fd ve\u013ekorozsahov\u00fd poh\u013ead na spodn\u00fd pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 zatia\u013e ch\u00fdbal,\u201c vysvet\u013euje Wolf.<\/p>\n

\"zemske\"zemskeZdroj: vampy1 \/ depositphotos.com<\/a><\/p>\n

Seizmick\u00e1 anizotropia vznik\u00e1, ke\u010f seizmick\u00e9 vlny z pretriasaj\u00facich zemetrasenia prech\u00e1dzaj\u00fa materi\u00e1lom r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou, ktor\u00e1 z\u00e1vis\u00ed od smeru pohybu. Meran\u00edm t\u00fdchto odch\u00fdlok vedci dok\u00e1\u017eu ur\u010di\u0165, kde pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 str\u00e1ca svoj p\u00f4vodn\u00fd tvar, kde sa kr\u00fati, oh\u00fdba alebo tla\u010d\u00ed in\u00e9 horniny. \u0160t\u00fadia sk\u00famala pribli\u017ene dve tretiny najspodnej\u0161ieho pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165a, ktor\u00fd le\u017e\u00ed asi 2 900 kilometrov pod povrchom, tesne nad hranicou medzi pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165om a jadrom<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea Wolfovho t\u00edmu sa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina anizotropick\u00fdch sign\u00e1lov zhoduje s miestami, kde sa o\u010dak\u00e1va pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 star\u00fdch subdukovan\u00fdch platn\u00ed. Ide o platne, ktor\u00e9 sa vplyvom tektonick\u00fdch procesov vsunuli pod in\u00e9 a ponorili sa do hlb\u00edn plan\u00e9ty.<\/p>\n

Neprehliadni
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\"Tvoje\"Tvoje <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tPopul\u00e1rna spravodajsk\u00e1 aplik\u00e1cia pre iOS a Android dostala ve\u013ek\u00fa aktualiz\u00e1ciu. Pribudlo mno\u017estvo nov\u00fdch funkci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 mus\u00ed\u0161 vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 <\/p>\n

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\u201eNie je to \u00faplne prekvapuj\u00face, simul\u00e1cie geodynamiky to predpovedali, ale na \u0161k\u00e1le, ktor\u00fa sk\u00famame, sme to e\u0161te nikdy nepreuk\u00e1zali pomocou t\u00fdchto met\u00f3d,\u201c dod\u00e1va Wolf.<\/p>\n

Ponoren\u00e9 platne si m\u00f4\u017eu pam\u00e4ta\u0165 svoju \u0161trukt\u00faru, hovoria vedci<\/p>\n

V\u00fdskumn\u00edci sa v \u010fal\u0161\u00edch krokoch p\u00fdtali, \u010do sp\u00f4sobuje tieto anizotropick\u00e9 vzory. Niektor\u00e9 subdukovan\u00e9 platne si m\u00f4\u017eu \u201epam\u00e4ta\u0165\u201c svoju \u0161trukt\u00faru z doby, ke\u010f boli bli\u017e\u0161ie k povrchu. Realistickej\u0161ie vysvetlenie v\u0161ak spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee intenz\u00edvna deform\u00e1cia nast\u00e1va pri dosiahnut\u00ed hranice pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165a a jadra, pri\u010dom horniny<\/a> okolo s\u00fa z\u00e1rove\u0148 vytl\u00e1\u010dan\u00e9 a tvarovan\u00e9. <\/p>\n

Extr\u00e9mny tlak a teplo v t\u00fdchto h\u013abkach menia miner\u00e1ly<\/a> a vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa nov\u00fd anizotropick\u00fd \u201etextil\u201c horn\u00edn. Wolf upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee oblasti bez v\u00fdraznej anizotropie neznamenaj\u00fa, \u017ee sa ni\u010d nedeje, sign\u00e1l m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 jednoducho pr\u00edli\u0161 slab\u00fd na detekciu s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdmi met\u00f3dami.<\/p>\n

\u201ePohyb horn\u00edn v spodnom pl\u00e1\u0161ti je extr\u00e9mne pomal\u00fd, meria sa v milimetroch a\u017e centimetroch za rok. To, \u010do sme teraz zmapovali, je vlastne momentka gigantick\u00e9ho tanca, ktor\u00fd trv\u00e1 stovky mili\u00f3nov rokov,\u201c hovor\u00ed Wolf: \u201eMnoh\u00e9 z platn\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 dnes le\u017eia pri jadre, za\u010dali svoju cestu e\u0161te v \u010dase, ke\u010f po Zemi behali dinosaury. Hranicu medzi jadrom a pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165om mo\u017eno vn\u00edma\u0165 ako cintor\u00edn star\u00fdch oce\u00e1nskych dosiek, tieto platne sa \u201eskladuj\u00fa\u201c v h\u013abke 2 900 km a zachov\u00e1vaj\u00fa stopy po kontinentoch, ktor\u00e9 u\u017e d\u00e1vno zmizli z povrchu.\u201c<\/p>\n

\"V\u00fdskumn\u00edci\"V\u00fdskumn\u00edcimapa oce\u00e1nskych subdukovan\u00fdch platn\u00ed. Zdroj: Wolf et. al. (2026)<\/a>
\nCintor\u00edn oce\u00e1nskych platn\u00ed<\/p>\n

Objav m\u00e1 aj praktick\u00fd presah. Pohyb studen\u00fdch subdukovan\u00fdch platn\u00ed pri jadre funguje ako \u201echladiace obklady\u201c. Ovplyv\u0148uje pr\u00fadenie tekut\u00e9ho \u017eeleza v jadre, ktor\u00e9 generuje magnetick\u00e9 pole Zeme. Porozumenie deform\u00e1ci\u00e1m v spodnom pl\u00e1\u0161ti je teda k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 aj pre pochopenie stabiln\u00e9ho fungovania na\u0161ich kompasov a ob\u010dasn\u00fdch prep\u00f3lovan\u00ed magnetick\u00e9ho p\u00f3lu.<\/p>\n

Samotn\u00e1 anal\u00fdza 16 mili\u00f3nov seizmogramov predstavuje technologick\u00fd extr\u00e9m. Spracovanie tak\u00e9hoto mno\u017estva d\u00e1t e\u0161te pred desiatimi rokmi nebolo mo\u017en\u00e9. T\u00e1to \u0161t\u00fadia odha\u013euje, \u017ee aj tis\u00edce kilometrov pod na\u0161imi nohami sa deje mno\u017estvo pohybov. Tie formuj\u00fa Zem nielen navonok, ale aj hlboko vo vn\u00fatri. \u0160t\u00fadia n\u00e1m z\u00e1rove\u0148 poskytuje n\u00e1stroje, ako lep\u0161ie pochopi\u0165 geodynamiku, vznik a stabilitu magnetick\u00e9ho po\u013ea a historick\u00fa pam\u00e4\u0165 plan\u00e9ty.<\/p>\n


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