{"id":44565,"date":"2026-04-15T03:49:11","date_gmt":"2026-04-15T03:49:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/44565\/"},"modified":"2026-04-15T03:49:11","modified_gmt":"2026-04-15T03:49:11","slug":"objav-stary-110-tisic-rokov-prepisuje-dejiny-cloveka-neandertalci-a-homo-sapiens-mozno-neboli-len-superi-vosveteit-sk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/44565\/","title":{"rendered":"Objav star\u00fd 110-tis\u00edc rokov prepisuje dejiny \u010dloveka. Neandert\u00e1lci a Homo sapiens mo\u017eno neboli len s\u00faperi | Vosveteit.sk"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdskumn\u00edci dlho predpokladali, \u017ee ke\u010f sa Neandert\u00e1lci a modern\u00ed \u013eudia stretli, s\u00faperili a nakoniec jeden druh zmizol. Jedna z nov\u0161\u00edch pr\u00e1c dokonca nazna\u010duje, \u017ee sa Neandert\u00e1lci asimilovali do skupiny modern\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed a vplyvom kr\u00ed\u017eenia tento druh jednoducho splynul<\/a> s Homo sapiens.<\/p>\n

Nov\u00fd v\u00fdskum z jaskyne Tinshemet v dne\u0161nom Izraeli v\u0161ak tento obraz v\u00fdrazne men\u00ed. Namiesto oddelen\u00fdch skup\u00edn ukazuje prepojen\u00fd svet, kde si r\u00f4zne \u013eudsk\u00e9 druhy odovzd\u00e1vali n\u00e1pady a formovali sa navz\u00e1jom.<\/p>\n

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Odoberaj Vosveteit.sk cez Telegram a prihl\u00e1s sa k odberu spr\u00e1v
\n <\/a><\/p>\n

Vedci tu analyzovali n\u00e1lezy star\u00e9 pribli\u017ene 110 000 rokov, informuje Science Daily<\/a>. Nejde len o kamene alebo kosti ale o kombin\u00e1ciu n\u00e1strojov, pohrebov a st\u00f4p spr\u00e1vania, ktor\u00e9 ukazuj\u00fa spoluna\u017e\u00edvanie t\u00fdchto dvoch druhov v \u0161ir\u0161om kontexte. Homo sapiens a neandert\u00e1lci pod\u013ea v\u0161etk\u00e9ho ne\u017eili izolovane. Pou\u017e\u00edvali podobn\u00e9 techniky, lovili podobn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom a postupne si osvojovali spolo\u010dn\u00e9 zvyky.<\/p>\n

Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee tieto dva druhy \u017eili bok po boku?<\/p>\n

Autori \u0161t\u00fadie prizn\u00e1vaj\u00fa, \u017ee v\u00fdskum nedok\u00e1zal jasne ur\u010di\u0165, kto koho u\u010dil. Dlho sa predpokladalo, \u017ee Homo sapiens priniesol inov\u00e1cie a ostatn\u00ed ich len preberali. N\u00e1lezy z Tinshemetu v\u0161ak tento poh\u013ead naru\u0161ili. Technologick\u00fd pokrok nep\u00f4sobil ako jednostrann\u00fd proces, sk\u00f4r pripom\u00ednal v\u00fdmenu. Neandert\u00e1lci tak nevystupuj\u00fa ako pas\u00edvni pozorovatelia, ale ako akt\u00edvni partneri.<\/p>\n

\"neandertalci\"\"neandertalci\"Zdroj: lorenza62 \/ Shutterstock.com<\/p>\n

Vedci sa zamerali na v\u00fdrobu n\u00e1strojov, lov, symbolick\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie a soci\u00e1lne v\u00e4zby. Vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch oblastiach na\u0161li prekvapiv\u00e9 prepojenia. R\u00f4zne skupiny si postupne za\u010dali by\u0165 podobnej\u0161ie. Tento proces nazna\u010duje, \u017ee medzi nimi prebiehal dlhodob\u00fd kontakt. Ve\u013ek\u00fa v\u00e1hu maj\u00fa pohreby. V jaskyni sa na\u0161lo nieko\u013eko hrobov, \u010do je v tomto obdob\u00ed sk\u00f4r v\u00fdnimka. Tel\u00e1 le\u017eali v usporiadan\u00fdch poloh\u00e1ch a ved\u013ea nich sa nach\u00e1dzali r\u00f4zne artefakty ako kamenn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, zvieracie kosti \u010di k\u00fasky okru. To nazna\u010duje vedom\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie a ur\u010dit\u00fa formu ritu\u00e1lu<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Neprehliadni
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\"Tvoje\"Tvoje <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tPopul\u00e1rna spravodajsk\u00e1 aplik\u00e1cia pre iOS a Android dostala ve\u013ek\u00fa aktualiz\u00e1ciu. Pribudlo mno\u017estvo nov\u00fdch funkci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 mus\u00ed\u0161 vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1ve oker patr\u00ed medzi najzauj\u00edmavej\u0161ie prvky. Vedci predpokladaj\u00fa, \u017ee ho \u013eudia pou\u017e\u00edvali na zdobenie tela, no ne\u0161lo len o estetiku. V prostred\u00ed, kde sa stret\u00e1vali r\u00f4zne skupiny, vznikla potreba odl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 sa alebo naopak potvrdi\u0165 pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165 ku komunite. Oker tak mohol fungova\u0165 ako primit\u00edvna \u201euniforma\u201c alebo symbol statusu. Nazna\u010duje, \u017ee u\u017e pred 110 000 rokmi \u013eudia rie\u0161ili identitu a postavenie v skupine.<\/p>\n

\u201eNa\u0161e d\u00e1ta ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve kontakt medzi popul\u00e1ciami zohral k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu pri technologick\u00fdch a kult\u00farnych inov\u00e1ci\u00e1ch,\u201c vysvet\u013euje profesor Yossi Zaidner: \u201eTo znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pokrok nevznikol v izol\u00e1cii, ale v\u010faka stret\u00e1vaniu,\u201c<\/p>\n

Artefakty na\u0161li v\u00fdskumn\u00edci v oblasti, ktor\u00e1 sl\u00fa\u017eila ako kri\u017eovatka popul\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/p>\n

Oblas\u0165 Levantu fungovala ako kri\u017eovatka r\u00f4znych popul\u00e1ci\u00ed. Skupiny sa tu pres\u00favali, stret\u00e1vali a mie\u0161ali. A ne\u0161lo len o kult\u00faru. Genetick\u00e9 v\u00fdskumy z in\u00fdch lokal\u00edt nazna\u010dili, \u017ee v tomto regi\u00f3ne doch\u00e1dzalo aj k vz\u00e1jomn\u00e9mu kr\u00ed\u017eeniu. Tinshemet tak ukazuje kult\u00farnu str\u00e1nku procesu, ktor\u00fd formoval modern\u00e9ho \u010dloveka, mie\u0161anie r\u00f4znych l\u00edni\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201eZlep\u0161enie kl\u00edmy zv\u00fd\u0161ilo po\u010det \u013eud\u00ed v regi\u00f3ne a posilnilo kontakt medzi r\u00f4znymi skupinami. Viac \u013eud\u00ed znamenalo viac interakci\u00ed. A pr\u00e1ve tie vytvorili tlak na zmeny,\u201c upozor\u0148uje dr. Marion Pr\u00e9vost.<\/p>\n

Tieto interakcie neboli v\u017edy harmonick\u00e9. Spolupr\u00e1ca sa mie\u0161ala s konkurenciou. Skupiny si navz\u00e1jom konkurovali, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 preberali to, \u010do fungovalo lep\u0161ie. Tento proces postupne viedol k zlo\u017eitej\u0161iemu spr\u00e1vaniu a rozvoju nov\u00fdch zvykov. Jedna z ot\u00e1zok, ktor\u00fa v\u00fdskum otvoril, sa t\u00fdka samotnej jaskyne. Rozlo\u017eenie hrobov nazna\u010duje, \u017ee miesto mohlo sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 ako ak\u00fdsi pravek\u00fd cintor\u00edn.<\/p>\n

\"bolo\"boloZdroj: Vosveteit.sk, AI<\/p>\n

Ak to tak bolo, znamenalo by to, \u017ee \u013eudia si vytvorili \u0161pecifick\u00fd priestor pre m\u0155tvych. To poukazuje na silnej\u0161ie soci\u00e1lne v\u00e4zby a organiz\u00e1ciu komunity.<\/p>\n

\u201eTieto zistenia ukazuj\u00fa dynamick\u00e9 vz\u0165ahy, ktor\u00e9 formovala spolupr\u00e1ca aj konkurencia. Nejde teda o jednoduch\u00fd pr\u00edbeh jedn\u00e9ho v\u00ed\u0165aza,\u201c zhrnul profesor Israel Hershkovitz.<\/p>\n

Cel\u00fd objav pos\u00fava poh\u013ead na v\u00fdvoj \u010dloveka. Namiesto izolovan\u00fdch l\u00edni\u00ed vid\u00ed\u0161 prepojen\u00fa sie\u0165, kde sa r\u00f4zne skupiny stret\u00e1vali a ovplyv\u0148ovali. To, \u010do dnes pova\u017eujeme za z\u00e1klad spolo\u010dnosti, spolupr\u00e1cu, zdie\u013eanie n\u00e1padov alebo identitu, sa za\u010dalo formova\u0165 u\u017e ve\u013emi d\u00e1vno.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdskum z Tinshemetu zatia\u013e nepriniesol v\u0161etky odpovede. Sk\u00f4r uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee minulos\u0165 medzi Neandert\u00e1lcami a Homo sapiens bola komplikovanej\u0161ia, ne\u017e sa spo\u010diatku zdalo. A \u017ee pr\u00e1ve vz\u0165ahy medzi r\u00f4znymi \u013eu\u010fmi mohli st\u00e1\u0165 za niektor\u00fdmi k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdmi krokmi v na\u0161ej hist\u00f3rii.<\/p>\n


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