{"id":46210,"date":"2026-04-16T22:58:07","date_gmt":"2026-04-16T22:58:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/46210\/"},"modified":"2026-04-16T22:58:07","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T22:58:07","slug":"vedci-nasli-sposob-ako-odstranit-skodlive-zombie-bunky-v-tele-a-opravit-poskodenie-pecene-vosveteit-sk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/46210\/","title":{"rendered":"Vedci na\u0161li sp\u00f4sob ako odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 \u0161kodliv\u00e9 „zombie“ bunky v tele a opravi\u0165 po\u0161kodenie pe\u010dene | Vosveteit.sk"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vedci sa dlhodobo sna\u017eia pochopi\u0165, pre\u010do sa telo s vekom \u201ekaz\u00ed\u201c a pre\u010do niektor\u00e9 choroby<\/a> prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa takmer nevyhnutne. Nov\u00fd v\u00fdskum z Kalifornie teraz uk\u00e1zal jedn\u00e9ho z hlavn\u00fdch podozriv\u00fdch, takzvan\u00e9 \u201ezombie bunky\u201c, ktor\u00e9 v tele zostan\u00fa, aj ke\u010f u\u017e neplnia svoju funkciu.<\/p>\n

Ide o bunky, ktor\u00e9 prestan\u00fa deli\u0165 sa, no nezanikn\u00fa, informuje Science Daily.<\/a> Namiesto toho ostan\u00fa v tkaniv\u00e1ch a za\u010dn\u00fa produkova\u0165 l\u00e1tky, ktor\u00e9 po\u0161kodzuj\u00fa okolie. Tento proces m\u00e1 aj odborn\u00fd n\u00e1zov, SASP. V podstate ide o \u201ekoktejl\u201c z\u00e1palov\u00fdch prote\u00ednov, ktor\u00fd sa \u0161\u00edri do okolia.<\/p>\n

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V\u00fdskumn\u00edci hovoria, \u017ee \u201ezombie\u201c v tomto pr\u00edpade nie je len metafora. Tieto bunky ne\u0161kodia len samy o sebe, ale m\u00f4\u017eu ovplyvni\u0165 aj zdrav\u00e9 bunky<\/a> v okol\u00ed a postupne ich \u201epokazi\u0165\u201c, \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee sa probl\u00e9m \u0161\u00edri \u010falej. Nejde teda len o neporiadok v tele, ale o re\u0165azov\u00fa reakciu, ktor\u00e1 sa postupne rozbieha.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u201eSta\u010d\u00ed jedno pokazen\u00e9 auto na dia\u013enici a doprava sa zablokuje na kilometre. V pr\u00edpade buniek to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee aj mal\u00e9 mno\u017estvo dok\u00e1\u017ee naru\u0161i\u0165 fungovanie cel\u00e9ho tkaniva,\u201c vysvet\u013euj\u00fa autori \u0161t\u00fadie.<\/p>\n

Zombie bunky m\u00f4\u017eu v extr\u00e9mnych pr\u00edpadoch tvori\u0165 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu imunitn\u00fdch buniek v pe\u010deni<\/p>\n

V pe\u010deni zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa rolu makrof\u00e1gy, imunitn\u00e9 bunky, ktor\u00e9 za norm\u00e1lnych okolnost\u00ed \u010distia telo. Nov\u00fd v\u00fdskum v\u0161ak uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee \u010das\u0165 z nich sa \u010dasom zmen\u00ed na tieto zombie verzie. V mladom organizme ich je m\u00e1lo, no s vekom ich po\u010det dramaticky narast\u00e1. V extr\u00e9mnych pr\u00edpadoch tvoria a\u017e v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu imunitn\u00fdch buniek v pe\u010deni.<\/p>\n

\"bunky_1\"\"bunky_1\"Zdroj: Cinefootage \/ depositphotos.com<\/a><\/p>\n

Vedci preto otestovali, \u010do sa stane, ke\u010f tieto bunky odstr\u00e1nia. Pou\u017eili l\u00e1tku ABT-263, ktor\u00e1 cielene likviduje senescentn\u00e9, teda star\u00e9, bunky.\u00a0Pe\u010de\u0148 u testovan\u00fdch my\u0161\u00ed sa v\u00fdrazne zlep\u0161ila. Z\u00e1pal klesol, org\u00e1n sa zmen\u0161il a z\u00edskal zdrav\u0161\u00ed vzh\u013ead.<\/p>\n

Neprehliadni
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\"Tvoje\"Tvoje <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tPopul\u00e1rna spravodajsk\u00e1 aplik\u00e1cia pre iOS a Android dostala ve\u013ek\u00fa aktualiz\u00e1ciu. Pribudlo mno\u017estvo nov\u00fdch funkci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 mus\u00ed\u0161 vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 <\/p>\n

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Vedcov prekvapil pozit\u00edvny v\u00fdsledok aj napriek tomu, \u017ee zvierat\u00e1 pritom pokra\u010dovali v nezdravej strave. Zlep\u0161enie teda nepri\u0161lo kv\u00f4li di\u00e9te.<\/p>\n

\u201eOdstr\u00e1nenie senescentn\u00fdch buniek nielen spomalilo ochorenie pe\u010dene \u2013 ono ho dok\u00e1zalo oto\u010di\u0165 sp\u00e4\u0165,\u201c vyjadril sa \u00a0Ivan Salladay-Perez, jeden z autorov \u0161t\u00fadie.<\/p>\n

Cholesterol toti\u017e funguje ako sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u010d cel\u00e9ho procesu. Ak odstr\u00e1ni\u0161 star\u00e9 \u201ezombie\u201c bunky, ale ponech\u00e1\u0161 vysok\u00fd pr\u00edjem tukov a cholesterolu, telo za\u010dne vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 nov\u00e9. Znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee bez zmeny \u017eivotn\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00fdlu<\/a> by sa probl\u00e9m vracal. Autori to popisuj\u00fa ako boj s nekone\u010dn\u00fdm cyklom, aj ke\u010f odstr\u00e1nia star\u00e9 bunky, nov\u00e9 vznikn\u00fa z rovnak\u00e9ho d\u00f4vodu.<\/p>\n

Nov\u00fd test by mohol uk\u00e1za\u0165 viac, ako hladinu cholesterolu<\/p>\n

V\u00fdskum z\u00e1rove\u0148 priniesol \u010fal\u0161\u00ed zauj\u00edmav\u00fd posun. Vedci identifikovali konkr\u00e9tny marker, kombin\u00e1ciu prote\u00ednov p21 a TREM2, ktor\u00e1 umo\u017en\u00ed presne rozpozna\u0165 tieto po\u0161koden\u00e9 bunky. To otv\u00e1ra dvere k nov\u00e9mu sp\u00f4sobu diagnostiky.<\/p>\n

V bud\u00facnosti by si si mohol da\u0165 spravi\u0165 test, ktor\u00fd neuk\u00e1\u017ee len hladinu cholesterolu, ale aj mieru po\u0161kodenia na bune\u010dnej \u00farovni. Namiesto neur\u010ditej inform\u00e1cie by si dostal konkr\u00e9tnej\u0161\u00ed obraz o tom, \u010do sa deje v tele.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdskum sa nezastavil len pri my\u0161iach. Vedci analyzovali aj vzorky \u013eudskej pe\u010dene a na\u0161li rovnak\u00e9 znaky senescentn\u00fdch buniek u pacientov s ochoren\u00edm. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee mechanizmus funguje aj u \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Znie to ako ide\u00e1lny cie\u013e pre lie\u010dbu, no k praktick\u00fdm testom vedie e\u0161te p\u00e1r krokov. L\u00e1tka ABT-263, ktor\u00fa vedci pou\u017eili, m\u00e1 v\u00e1\u017ene ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky. P\u00f4vodne vznikla ako liek na rakovinu<\/a> a v\u00fdrazne zni\u017euje po\u010det krvn\u00fdch do\u0161ti\u010diek. To m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k probl\u00e9mom so zr\u00e1\u017eanlivos\u0165ou krvi, \u010do ju rob\u00ed nevhodnou pre be\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017eitie.<\/p>\n

\"rakovina\"\"rakovina\"Zdroj: vitanovski \/ depositphotos.com<\/a>
\nVedci pracuj\u00fa na nov\u00fdch liekoch, ktor\u00e9 by dok\u00e1zali vyrie\u0161i\u0165 v\u00e1\u017ene ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky<\/p>\n

Vedci pracuj\u00fa na novej gener\u00e1cii liekov<\/a>, takzvan\u00fdch senolyt\u00edk druhej gener\u00e1cie alebo senomorf\u00edk. Tie by bunky nemuseli priamo ni\u010di\u0165, ale sk\u00f4r \u201eutlmili\u201c ich \u0161kodliv\u00fa aktivitu. Tak\u00fdto pr\u00edstup by mohol by\u0165 bezpe\u010dnej\u0161\u00ed a pou\u017eite\u013en\u00fd pre \u0161ir\u0161iu popul\u00e1ciu.<\/p>\n

Cel\u00fd objav zapad\u00e1 do \u0161ir\u0161ej te\u00f3rie, pod\u013ea ktorej m\u00e1 viacero chor\u00f4b spolo\u010dn\u00fd z\u00e1klad v procese starnutia. Ak sa podar\u00ed ovplyvni\u0165 tento mechanizmus, mohlo by to pom\u00f4c\u0165 nielen pri ochoreniach pe\u010dene, ale aj pri in\u00fdch chronick\u00fdch probl\u00e9moch.<\/p>\n

\u201eAk pochop\u00edme z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 mechanizmy z\u00e1palu pri starnut\u00ed, m\u00f4\u017ee\u0161 ich vyu\u017ei\u0165 pri lie\u010dbe viacer\u00fdch chor\u00f4b,\u201c uzatv\u00e1raj\u00fa autori.<\/p>\n

Zatia\u013e ide o v\u00fdskum na zvierat\u00e1ch, tak\u017ee cesta k re\u00e1lnemu vyu\u017eitiu e\u0161te potrv\u00e1. Napriek tomu ukazuje smer, v r\u00e1mci ktor\u00e9ho by sme v bud\u00facnosti mohli menej rie\u0161i\u0165 samotn\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky probl\u00e9mu a viac zasahova\u0165 do samotn\u00e9ho jadra.<\/p>\n


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