{"id":49630,"date":"2026-04-21T06:15:07","date_gmt":"2026-04-21T06:15:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/49630\/"},"modified":"2026-04-21T06:15:07","modified_gmt":"2026-04-21T06:15:07","slug":"da-vinciho-zahada-je-vyriesena-vyskumnici-po-500-rokoch-odhalili-tajomstvo-svalovej-siete-v-srdci-vosveteit-sk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/49630\/","title":{"rendered":"Da Vinciho z\u00e1hada je vyrie\u0161en\u00e1: V\u00fdskumn\u00edci po 500 rokoch odhalili tajomstvo svalovej siete v srdci | Vosveteit.sk"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tvoje srdce nefunguje ako hladk\u00e9 \u010derpadlo. Na jeho vn\u00fatornej strane sa nach\u00e1dza zvl\u00e1\u0161tna sie\u0165 svalov\u00fdch vl\u00e1kien, ktor\u00fa si \u013eudia v\u0161imli u\u017e pred stovkami rokov. Ako prv\u00fd ju detailne nakreslil Leonardo da Vinci<\/a>, no jej v\u00fdznam zostal dlho nejasn\u00fd. Dnes sa vedci k tejto starej ot\u00e1zke vr\u00e1tili a postupne ju rozl\u00fa\u0161tili.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdskum vedcov z EMBL<\/a> publikovan\u00fd v Nature, sa zameral na takzvan\u00e9 trabekuly, jemn\u00fa, no zlo\u017eit\u00fa sie\u0165 svalov vo vn\u00fatri srdca. Tieto \u0161trukt\u00fary vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa vzory, ktor\u00e9 pripom\u00ednaj\u00fa snehov\u00e9 vlo\u010dky alebo frakt\u00e1ly<\/a>. Ako hovoria autori \u0161t\u00fadie, ide o premyslen\u00fd \u201edizajn\u201c, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 konkr\u00e9tny a presn\u00fd \u00fa\u010del.<\/p>\n

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Odoberaj Vosveteit.sk cez Telegram a prihl\u00e1s sa k odberu spr\u00e1v
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Frakt\u00e1lov\u00e1 \u0161trukt\u00fara toti\u017e dok\u00e1\u017ee maximalizova\u0165 povrch svaloviny bez toho, aby sa srdce v\u00fdrazne zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ilo. To znamen\u00e1 viac priestoru na pr\u00e1cu bez toho, aby org\u00e1n zaberal viac miesta v tele. Tento geometrick\u00fd trik m\u00f4\u017eeme vidie\u0165 aj v in\u00fdch \u010dastiach pr\u00edrody, podobne sa vetvia p\u013e\u00facne mech\u00fariky alebo koruny stromov. Vo v\u00fdsledku v\u017edy ide o lep\u0161ie rozlo\u017eenie s\u00edl a efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie fungovanie.<\/p>\n

\"Frakt\u00e1lov\u00e1\"Frakt\u00e1lov\u00e1Zdroj: AI, Vosveteit.sk
\nSrdce funguje na podobnom princ\u00edpe ako golfov\u00e1 lopti\u010dka<\/p>\n

V pr\u00edpade srdca to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee trabekuly pom\u00e1haj\u00fa rozv\u00e1dza\u0165 mechanick\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie po\u010das ka\u017ed\u00e9ho s\u0165ahu. Srdce<\/a> tak pracuje efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie a stabilnej\u0161ie. Vedci z\u00e1rove\u0148 zistili, \u017ee tento \u201edrsn\u00fd\u201c povrch zlep\u0161uje aj samotn\u00e9 pr\u00fadenie krvi. Funguje to podobne ako pri golfovej lopti\u010dke, jej jamky zni\u017euj\u00fa odpor a umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa plynulej\u0161\u00ed pohyb.<\/p>\n

\u201eNa\u0161e zistenia odpovedali ve\u013emi star\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o \u013eudskej biol\u00f3gii,\u201c vysvetlil Ewan Birney: \u201eV\u010faka umelej inteligencii a ve\u013ek\u00fdm datasetom men\u00edme ch\u00e1panie fyziol\u00f3gie v rozsahu, ak\u00fd tu e\u0161te nebol.\u201c<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1ve technol\u00f3gia zohrala v pr\u00edpade tohto v\u00fdskumu k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu. Vedci analyzovali pribli\u017ene 25-tis\u00edc MRI sn\u00edmok s\u0155dc a spojili ich s genetick\u00fdmi d\u00e1tami. Ide o objem inform\u00e1ci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 by \u010dlovek spracov\u00e1val cel\u00e9 desa\u0165ro\u010dia. Algoritmy hlbok\u00e9ho u\u010denia v\u0161ak dok\u00e1zali v mili\u00f3noch pixelov n\u00e1js\u0165 vzorce, ktor\u00e9 \u013eudsk\u00e9 oko prakticky nevid\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Neprehliadni
\n <\/p>\n

\"Tvoje\"Tvoje <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tPopul\u00e1rna spravodajsk\u00e1 aplik\u00e1cia pre iOS a Android dostala ve\u013ek\u00fa aktualiz\u00e1ciu. Pribudlo mno\u017estvo nov\u00fdch funkci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 mus\u00ed\u0161 vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Umel\u00e1 inteligencia tu nefungovala ako n\u00e1hrada lek\u00e1ra, no sk\u00f4r pripom\u00ednala mikroskop 21. storo\u010dia, ktor\u00fd odhalil s\u00favislosti v obrovsk\u00fdch d\u00e1tach. V\u010faka tomu vedci identifikovali aj \u0161es\u0165 oblast\u00ed DNA, ktor\u00e9 ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa tvar t\u00fdchto svalov\u00fdch \u0161trukt\u00far. Zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee niektor\u00e9 z nich s\u00favisia aj s v\u00fdvojom nervov\u00fdch buniek v mozgu.<\/p>\n

Trabekuly pod\u013ea zisten\u00ed autorov vpl\u00fdvaj\u00fa aj na zdravie \u010dloveka. Vedci porovnali genetick\u00e9 \u00fadaje pribli\u017ene 50-tis\u00edc \u013eud\u00ed a zistili, \u017ee r\u00f4zne tvary t\u00fdchto \u0161trukt\u00far s\u00favisia s r\u00f4znym rizikom srdcov\u00e9ho zlyhania<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u201eTo, ako vyzer\u00e1 vn\u00fatro tvojho srdca, m\u00f4\u017ee ovplyvni\u0165 jeho v\u00fdkon,\u201c kon\u0161tatuj\u00fa autori v\u00fdskumu.<\/p>\n

Trabekuly sa menia napr\u00edklad aj u vrcholov\u00fdch \u0161portovcov<\/p>\n

Zistenia v\u00fdskumu maj\u00fa dopad aj na \u0161portovcov. U vrcholov\u00fdch atl\u00e9tov sa srdce prirodzene zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161uje a trabekuly b\u00fdvaj\u00fa v\u00fdraznej\u0161ie. Lek\u00e1ri mali doteraz probl\u00e9m rozl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165, \u010di ide o zdrav\u00fa adapt\u00e1ciu na z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e alebo za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00facu chorobu, napr\u00edklad nekompaktn\u00fa kardiomyopatiu.<\/p>\n

Nov\u00e9 poznatky a vyu\u017eitie umelej inteligencie teraz pom\u00f4\u017eu presnej\u0161ie ur\u010di\u0165 rozdiel. \u010clenit\u00fd povrch srdca tak u\u017e nemus\u00ed automaticky znamena\u0165 probl\u00e9m, v niektor\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch ide o znak v\u00fdkonnosti, v in\u00fdch o varovanie.<\/p>\n

\u201eNa\u0161a pr\u00e1ca v\u00fdrazne posunula ch\u00e1panie v\u00fdznamu t\u00fdchto svalov\u00fdch \u0161trukt\u00far,\u201c uviedla Hannah Meyer: \u201eZ\u00e1rove\u0148 uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee a\u017e kombin\u00e1cia genetiky, klinick\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumu a bioin\u017einierstva viedla k objavu ich \u00falohy v dospelom srdci.\u201c<\/p>\n

Nov\u00fd v\u00fdskum ukazuje, \u017ee aj drobn\u00e9 detaily v \u0161trukt\u00fare srdca m\u00f4\u017eu zohr\u00e1va\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00fa \u00falohu. Vedci ich teraz postupne odha\u013euj\u00fa a skladaj\u00fa z nich komplexnej\u0161\u00ed obraz fungovania jedn\u00e9ho z najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch org\u00e1nov<\/a> v tele.<\/p>\n


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<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Tvoje srdce nefunguje ako hladk\u00e9 \u010derpadlo. Na jeho vn\u00fatornej strane sa nach\u00e1dza zvl\u00e1\u0161tna sie\u0165 svalov\u00fdch vl\u00e1kien, ktor\u00fa si…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":49631,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[223,20437,20438,34,37,15354,5975,33,6696,20439,43,40,39,42,41,36,2662,18639,38,35,20440,4394,463],"class_list":{"0":"post-49630","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-spravy","8":"tag-ai","9":"tag-co-su-to-trabekuly","10":"tag-fraktal","11":"tag-headlines","12":"tag-hlavne-spravy","13":"tag-leonardo-da-vinci","14":"tag-medicina","15":"tag-news","16":"tag-priroda","17":"tag-siet","18":"tag-sk","19":"tag-slovak","20":"tag-slovakia","21":"tag-slovencina","22":"tag-slovensko","23":"tag-spravy","24":"tag-srdce","25":"tag-svaly","26":"tag-titulky","27":"tag-top-stories","28":"tag-trabekuly","29":"tag-vykon","30":"tag-zdravie"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@sk\/116441233692391287","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49630","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=49630"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49630\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/49631"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49630"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=49630"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=49630"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}