{"id":5308,"date":"2026-02-26T10:26:09","date_gmt":"2026-02-26T10:26:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/5308\/"},"modified":"2026-02-26T10:26:09","modified_gmt":"2026-02-26T10:26:09","slug":"europa-zavadza-nove-pravidla-pre-drony-dotknu-sa-aj-najmensich-modelov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/5308\/","title":{"rendered":"Eur\u00f3pa zav\u00e1dza nov\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1 pre drony, dotkn\u00fa sa aj najmen\u0161\u00edch modelov"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nov\u00fd ak\u010dn\u00fd pl\u00e1n reaguje nielen na technick\u00fd pokrok, ale aj na ned\u00e1vne provok\u00e1cie a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 rizik\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu ohrozi\u0165 letisk\u00e1 \u010di kritick\u00fa infra\u0161trukt\u00faru. <\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Drony\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n

Vojnov\u00fd konflikt na Ukrajine uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee mal\u00e9 a lacn\u00e9 drony m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 z\u00e1sadn\u00fd vojensk\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Koordinovan\u00e9 roje dronov toti\u017e dok\u00e1\u017eu ohrozi\u0165 infra\u0161trukt\u00faru efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie ne\u017e ve\u013ek\u00e9 bezpilotn\u00e9 lietadl\u00e1. Zdroj: iStock\/Philippe Clement<\/p>\n

Eur\u00f3pska komisia predstavila nov\u00fd ak\u010dn\u00fd pl\u00e1n na boj proti hrozb\u00e1m spojen\u00fdm s dronmi. U\u017e po\u010das tohto roka chce za\u010da\u0165 pripravova\u0165 nov\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 sa bud\u00fa t\u00fdka\u0165 aj najmen\u0161\u00edch rekrea\u010dn\u00fdch lietaj\u00facich zariaden\u00ed. Hotov\u00e9 by mohli by\u0165 pribli\u017ene do roku 2030.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edm men\u0161ie, t\u00fdm nebezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie<\/p>\n

Pl\u00e1n<\/a> reaguje na r\u00fdchlu miniaturiz\u00e1ciu technol\u00f3gi\u00ed v posledn\u00fdch rokoch, ako aj na incidenty a provok\u00e1cie v okol\u00ed eur\u00f3pskych let\u00edsk zaznamenan\u00e9 minul\u00fd rok. \u010coraz v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie obavy vyvol\u00e1va aj mo\u017enos\u0165 nasadenia rojov dronov \u2013 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ieho po\u010dtu mal\u00fdch bezpilotn\u00fdch strojov, ktor\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eu koordinovane \u00fato\u010di\u0165.<\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9to roje m\u00f4\u017eu ohrozi\u0165 kritick\u00fa infra\u0161trukt\u00faru \u010dlensk\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov omnoho jednoduch\u0161ie ne\u017e ve\u013ek\u00e9 a drah\u00e9 bezpilotn\u00e9 lietadl\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 boli doned\u00e1vna symbolom nepriate\u013esk\u00fdch bezpilotn\u00fdch lietadiel (UAV). V\u00fdvoj na bojisku na Ukrajine navy\u0161e ukazuje, \u017ee modern\u00e9 konflikty menia zau\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 strat\u00e9gie a prepisuj\u00fa doteraj\u0161ie manu\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n

Pozrite si<\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Drony\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Pr\u00edsnej\u0161ia registr\u00e1cia aj pre men\u0161ie drony<\/p>\n

Nov\u00fd n\u00e1vrh po\u010d\u00edta s viacer\u00fdmi koncep\u010dn\u00fdmi opatreniami. Prv\u00e9 zmeny si v najbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch rokoch v\u0161imn\u00fa aj rekrea\u010dn\u00ed piloti, hoci ide sk\u00f4r o kozmetick\u00fa \u00fapravu. U\u017e dnes sa musia majitelia a oper\u00e1tori registrova\u0165 na webovej str\u00e1nke \u00daradu pre civiln\u00e9 letectvo v pr\u00edpade, ak si zaobstaraj\u00fa dron, ktor\u00fd nie je vyslovene hra\u010dka a v\u00e1\u017ei 250 gramov a viac, pr\u00edpadne je vybaven\u00fd kamerou.<\/p>\n

Tak\u00fdchto strojov pritom nie je m\u00e1lo. Ku koncu roka 2024 ich \u00farady v Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanii evidovali viac ne\u017e dva mili\u00f3ny a po\u010det ka\u017edoro\u010dne rastie. Mnoh\u00ed nov\u00ed majitelia si v\u0161ak neuvedomuj\u00fa, \u017ee kvadrokopt\u00e9ra je z pr\u00e1vneho h\u013eadiska lietadlo a popri ofici\u00e1lnych \u010d\u00edslach tak existuje aj rozsiahla siv\u00e1 z\u00f3na pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, ktor\u00ed lietaj\u00fa, fotografuj\u00fa a nakr\u00facaj\u00fa bez registr\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n

Do konca roka by sa mal predstavi\u0165 n\u00e1vrh \u00fapravy, ktor\u00fd zn\u00ed\u017ei hranicu povinnej registr\u00e1cie na v\u0161etky drony s hmotnos\u0165ou nad 100 gramov vzletovej hmotnosti (MTOM). V praxi to v\u0161ak pre v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov nebude ve\u013ek\u00e1 zmena, ke\u010f\u017ee drviv\u00e1 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina dne\u0161n\u00fdch dronov m\u00e1 kameru a registr\u00e1cia sa na ne u\u017e vz\u0165ahuje.<\/p>\n

Pravidl\u00e1 sa navy\u0161e akt\u00edvne pr\u00edli\u0161 nekontroluj\u00fa. Syst\u00e9m sa spolieha najm\u00e4 na takzvan\u00fd geofencing zabudovan\u00fd priamo v palubnom po\u010d\u00edta\u010di certifikovan\u00fdch dronov, napr\u00edklad od spolo\u010dnosti DJI. Dron pred \u0161tartom porovn\u00e1 svoju polohu s datab\u00e1zou zak\u00e1zan\u00fdch z\u00f3n, a ak sa nach\u00e1dza napr\u00edklad pri letisku, jednoducho nevzlietne.<\/p>\n

Identifik\u00e1cia na dia\u013eku a\u00a0z\u00e1kaz \u0161tartu bez registr\u00e1cie<\/p>\n

Zauj\u00edmavej\u0161ia je \u010fal\u0161ia pl\u00e1novan\u00e1 zmena. Aj najmen\u0161ie drony nad 100 gramov bud\u00fa musie\u0165 r\u00e1diovo vysiela\u0165 svoje identifika\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fadaje a ma\u0165 GPS prij\u00edma\u010d, aby nemohli vzlietnu\u0165 v zak\u00e1zan\u00fdch oblastiach, napr\u00edklad pri letisk\u00e1ch, vojensk\u00fdch objektoch \u010di inej kritickej infra\u0161trukt\u00fare. Po\u010d\u00edta sa aj s t\u00fdm, \u017ee bez vyplnen\u00e9ho registra\u010dn\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla oper\u00e1tora dron v\u00f4bec neod\u0161tartuje. Cie\u013eom je naplni\u0165 z\u00e1mer spolo\u010dn\u00fdch pravidiel pre lietanie s dronmi v r\u00e1mci Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie, o ktor\u00fdch sa hovor\u00ed u\u017e dlh\u0161ie. Novinkou je najm\u00e4 to, \u017ee pr\u00edsnej\u0161ie po\u017eiadavky sa bud\u00fa t\u00fdka\u0165 t\u00fdch najmen\u0161\u00edch zariaden\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Posilnenie kybernetickej bezpe\u010dnosti<\/p>\n

Po roku 2027 za\u010dne v Eur\u00f3pe plati\u0165 aj Cyber Resilience Act<\/a> (CRA), teda regul\u00e1cia zameran\u00e1 na kybernetick\u00fa odolnos\u0165. T\u00e1 zavedie povinnos\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 pri v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine be\u017en\u00fdch dronov na eur\u00f3pskom trhu d\u00f4veryhodn\u00e9 \u010dipy odoln\u00e9 proti hacknutiu. Elektronika bude musie\u0165 sp\u013a\u0148a\u0165 z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 minimum podobne ako dom\u00e1ce routery, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa vybaven\u00e9 firewallom.<\/p>\n

Eur\u00f3pska komisia chce z\u00e1rove\u0148 zavies\u0165 nov\u00fd obchodn\u00fd \u0161t\u00edtok, takzvan\u00fd EU Trusted Drone. Ten by mohli nies\u0165 iba drony overen\u00e9 nez\u00e1vislou autoritou, \u010do m\u00e1 zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 d\u00f4veru z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov aj bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch zlo\u017eiek.<\/p>\n

Ke\u010f\u017ee eur\u00f3psky trh dnes vo ve\u013ekej miere ovl\u00e1da pr\u00e1ve DJI, pre etablovan\u00e9 zna\u010dky p\u00f4jde sk\u00f4r o kozmetick\u00e9 \u00fapravy. Probl\u00e9my v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017eu nasta\u0165 pri nezna\u010dkov\u00fdch dronoch pochybn\u00e9ho p\u00f4vodu z online trhov\u00edsk alebo pri dom\u00e1cich, gar\u00e1\u017eov\u00fdch kon\u0161trukci\u00e1ch. N\u00e1vrh v\u0161ak r\u00e1ta s r\u00f4znymi v\u00fdnimkami, aby neochromil cel\u00fd trh. Cie\u013eom regul\u00e1cie toti\u017e nie je brzdi\u0165 hobby pilotov, ale br\u00e1ni\u0165 sa proti zneu\u017eitiu dronov na sabot\u00e1\u017ene \u010di in\u00e9 neleg\u00e1lne \u00fa\u010dely.<\/p>\n

Pozrite si<\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Mestsk\u00e1<\/a><\/p>\n

5G siete ako nov\u00fd typ radaru<\/p>\n

Ak\u010dn\u00fd pl\u00e1n v rozsiahlej\u0161om dokumente opisuje vznik \u010fal\u0161\u00edch zak\u00e1zan\u00fdch geografick\u00fdch z\u00f3n. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa po\u010d\u00edta s povinn\u00fdmi z\u00e1\u0165a\u017eov\u00fdmi testmi ochrany proti dronom zo strany prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013eov kritickej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary.<\/p>\n

Komisia upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee Eur\u00f3pu pred mal\u00fdmi dronmi a ich rojmi u\u017e nem\u00f4\u017ee chr\u00e1ni\u0165 len klasick\u00e1 protivzdu\u0161n\u00e1 obrana \u010di NATO. Na to jednoducho nemaj\u00fa kapacity. Do rie\u0161enia sa preto mus\u00ed zapoji\u0165 aj civiln\u00fd sektor.<\/p>\n

K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu by v bud\u00facnosti mohli zohra\u0165 mobiln\u00ed oper\u00e1tori a ich 5G siete. Tie by dok\u00e1zali r\u00fdchlo zablokova\u0165 SIM karty podozriv\u00fdch dronov vybaven\u00fdch LTE alebo 5G modemom a z\u00e1rove\u0148 pom\u00f4c\u0165 s detekciou pas\u00edvnych lietaj\u00facich zariaden\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Sie\u0165 mobiln\u00fdch vysiela\u010dov toti\u017e m\u00f4\u017ee fungova\u0165 aj ako distribuovan\u00fd radar, ktor\u00fd odhal\u00ed n\u00edzko letiace ciele. Na podobn\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00e1ch u\u017e pracuj\u00fa v\u00fdrobcovia ako Ericsson v r\u00e1mci projektu ISAC<\/a> (Integrated Sensing and Communication). Drony sa tak v bud\u00facnosti m\u00f4\u017eu sta\u0165 nielen be\u017enou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou oblohy, ale aj plnohodnotnou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou bezpe\u010dnostnej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary.<\/p>\n

Zdroje: Eur\u00f3pska komisia (1<\/a>, 2<\/a>, 3<\/a>), ISAC<\/a><\/p>\n

(RR)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Nov\u00fd ak\u010dn\u00fd pl\u00e1n reaguje nielen na technick\u00fd pokrok, ale aj na ned\u00e1vne provok\u00e1cie a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 rizik\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5309,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[503,3209,2589,57,56,55,3210,43,40,42,3211,790,745,3212],"class_list":{"0":"post-5308","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-europa","8":"tag-bezpecnost","9":"tag-digitalne-technologie","10":"tag-dron","11":"tag-eu","12":"tag-europa","13":"tag-europe","14":"tag-satelit","15":"tag-sk","16":"tag-slovak","17":"tag-slovencina","18":"tag-technologia","19":"tag-vojna","20":"tag-vyskum","21":"tag-zaujimavosti-vo-vede"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5308","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5308"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5308\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5309"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5308"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5308"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5308"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}