{"id":55219,"date":"2026-04-27T20:03:10","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T20:03:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/55219\/"},"modified":"2026-04-27T20:03:10","modified_gmt":"2026-04-27T20:03:10","slug":"v-usa-chceli-postavit-najvacsie-letisko-sveta-megalomansky-projekt-skoncil-v-mociari-magazin-auto","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/55219\/","title":{"rendered":"V USA chceli postavi\u0165 najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie letisko sveta. Megalomansk\u00fd projekt skon\u010dil \u2018v mo\u010diari\u2018 – Magaz\u00edn – Auto"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rozloha letiska mala presiahnu\u0165 160 kilometrov \u0161tvorcov\u00fdch a v p\u00f4vodn\u00fdch pl\u00e1noch sa r\u00e1talo s v\u00fdstavbou piatich dlh\u00fdch paraleln\u00fdch dr\u00e1h, z ktor\u00fdch ka\u017ed\u00e1 mala ma\u0165 d\u013a\u017eku pribli\u017ene 4 000 metrov.<\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t\"everglade1\"\/
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFoto: Leon Medado \/ Google Earth<\/p>\n

Z pl\u00e1novan\u00e9ho najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ieho letiska sveta sa napokon postavila len jedna vzletov\u00e1 dr\u00e1ha bez akejko\u013evek infra\u0161trukt\u00fary.<\/p>\n

Na konci 60.\u00a0rokov 20.\u00a0storo\u010dia sa Spojen\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty americk\u00e9 nach\u00e1dzali v\u00a0obdob\u00ed technologick\u00e9ho optimizmu. V\u00a0\u010dase, ke\u010f sa pripravovalo prist\u00e1tie \u010dloveka na Mesiaci a civiln\u00e1 leteck\u00e1 doprava za\u017e\u00edvala raketov\u00fd rozvoj, vznikla na Floride my\u0161lienka postavi\u0165 nov\u00e9 letisko, ktor\u00e9 by sa stalo najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm a najmodernej\u0161\u00edm svojho druhu na svete. Letisko malo nielen odbremeni\u0165 pre\u0165a\u017een\u00e9 Medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9 letisko Miami, ale predov\u0161etk\u00fdm sa pripravovalo na nov\u00fa \u00e9ru nadzvukovej civilnej dopravy, ktor\u00fa mal reprezentova\u0165 okrem eur\u00f3pskeho lietadla Concorde aj americk\u00fd projekt Boeing\u00a02707.<\/p>\n

Ambici\u00f3zny projekt s\u00a0n\u00e1zvom Everglades Jetport, zn\u00e1my aj ako Miami Jetport, mal vyr\u00e1s\u0165 v\u00a0srdci floridsk\u00fdch mo\u010diarov Big Cypress Swamp, ne\u010faleko n\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho parku Everglades. Lokalita bola zvolen\u00e1 z\u00a0d\u00f4vodu svojej zdanlivej izolovanosti, rovinatej geografie a bl\u00edzkosti k\u00a0medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdm leteck\u00fdm tras\u00e1m. Rozloha pl\u00e1novan\u00e9ho letiska mala presiahnu\u0165 160\u00a0kilometrov \u0161tvorcov\u00fdch, \u010do by z\u00a0neho urobilo najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie letisko na svete. V\u00a0pl\u00e1noch sa r\u00e1talo s\u00a0v\u00fdstavbou piatich dlh\u00fdch paraleln\u00fdch dr\u00e1h, z\u00a0ktor\u00fdch ka\u017ed\u00e1 mala ma\u0165 d\u013a\u017eku minim\u00e1lne 4\u00a0000\u00a0metrov. Letisko malo by\u0165 schopn\u00e9 odbavi\u0165 viac ako 300\u00a0lietadiel denne a ro\u010dne obsl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 vy\u0161e 30\u00a0mili\u00f3nov pasa\u017eierov. D\u00f4le\u017eitou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou projektu mali by\u0165 aj hang\u00e1re, servisn\u00e9 z\u00f3ny, skladisk\u00e1 paliva a termin\u00e1l navrhnut\u00fd pre nadzvukov\u00e9 lietadl\u00e1. D\u013a\u017eka dr\u00e1h a rozloha jednotliv\u00fdch z\u00f3n bola navrhnut\u00e1 tak, aby umo\u017e\u0148ovala bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00e9 prist\u00e1tie najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch lietadiel svojej doby a aj e\u0161te len pl\u00e1novan\u00fdch\u00a0typov.<\/p>\n

\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Takto \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\tever \t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTakto vyzeralo „najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie letisko sveta“ pri poh\u013eade zo vzduchu v roku 2014. \t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n

V\u00fdstavba ofici\u00e1lne za\u010dala v\u00a0roku 1968, pri\u010dom prvou realizovanou \u010das\u0165ou bola hlavn\u00e1 vzletov\u00e1 a prist\u00e1vacia dr\u00e1ha, ktor\u00e1 bola dokon\u010den\u00e1 v\u00a0roku 1970.\u00a0V\u00a0tom \u010dase sa r\u00e1talo s\u00a0t\u00fdm, \u017ee po dokon\u010den\u00ed celej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary sa letisko stane hlavnou br\u00e1nou do USA pre interkontinent\u00e1lnu dopravu, najm\u00e4 nadzvukov\u00fa, o\u00a0ktorej pl\u00e1nova\u010di predpokladali, \u017ee bude dominova\u0165. Uva\u017eovalo sa aj o\u00a0zaveden\u00ed vysokor\u00fdchlostn\u00e9ho \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00e9ho spojenia medzi letiskom a\u00a0Miami.<\/p>\n

Hoci projekt z\u00edskal podporu mnoh\u00fdch politick\u00fdch a hospod\u00e1rskych predstavite\u013eov, ve\u013emi r\u00fdchlo narazil na ne\u010dakan\u00fd odpor. Probl\u00e9my, ktor\u00e9 viedli k\u00a0jeho zastaveniu sa objavovali postupne a kombinovali technick\u00e9, environment\u00e1lne, spolo\u010densk\u00e9 aj ekonomick\u00e9 faktory. Prv\u00fdm z\u00e1sadn\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom bola vo\u013eba miesta v\u00fdstavby. Mo\u010darist\u00e9 \u00fazemie Big Cypress je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou \u0161ir\u0161ieho ekosyst\u00e9mu Everglades, ktor\u00fd patr\u00ed medzi najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161ie sladkovodn\u00e9 mokrade na svete. T\u00e1to oblas\u0165 je domovom mno\u017estva ohrozen\u00fdch druhov rastl\u00edn a \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov, ktor\u00fdch pre\u017eitie je z\u00e1visl\u00e9 od vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9ho fungovania vodn\u00e9ho ekosyst\u00e9mu. V\u00fdstavba mas\u00edvnej leteckej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary, sprev\u00e1dzan\u00e1 odvod\u0148ovan\u00edm, budovan\u00edm ciest, elektrick\u00fdch veden\u00ed a \u010fal\u0161ej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary, by nevyhnutne naru\u0161ila hydrologick\u00e9 procesy, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa pre tento regi\u00f3n k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\t \t\t\t\t\t\"zuri1\"\/ \t\t\t \t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u010c\u00edtajte viac \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\u010cesk\u00e9 revolu\u010dn\u00e9 hybridn\u00e9 lietadlo Zuri sa dost\u00e1va do testovacej f\u00e1zy. Vyzer\u00e1 n\u00e1dejne \t\t\t\t \t\t\t \t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n

Na tieto hrozby za\u010dali upozor\u0148ova\u0165 najprv miestni vedci, nesk\u00f4r n\u00e1rodn\u00e9 ekologick\u00e9 organiz\u00e1cie a nakoniec aj feder\u00e1lne in\u0161tit\u00facie. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm momentom sa stala publik\u00e1cia ekologickej spr\u00e1vy s\u00a0n\u00e1zvom Everglades: Report to the Nation, ktor\u00fa vypracovala skupina vedcov a ochran\u00e1rov pod veden\u00edm zn\u00e1mej aktivistky Marjory Stoneman Douglasovej. T\u00e1to spr\u00e1va jednozna\u010dne varovala, \u017ee pokra\u010dovanie v\u00fdstavby letiska by sp\u00f4sobilo nezvratn\u00e9 \u0161kody v\u00a0celom ekosyst\u00e9me Ju\u017enej Floridy. V\u00a0d\u00f4sledku rast\u00faceho spolo\u010densk\u00e9ho tlaku sa projekt dostal pod drobnoh\u013ead feder\u00e1lnych \u00faradov. V\u00a0roku 1970\u00a0nadobudol \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 z\u00e1kon National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), ktor\u00fd ulo\u017eil povinnos\u0165 vypracov\u00e1va\u0165 environment\u00e1lne dopady pri v\u0161etk\u00fdch ve\u013ek\u00fdch verejn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00e1ch. Vzh\u013eadom na \u010derstvo prijat\u00fd legislat\u00edvny r\u00e1mec a v\u00fdsledky odbornej anal\u00fdzy sa feder\u00e1lna vl\u00e1da rozhodla, \u017ee nebude projekt \u010falej finan\u010dne podporova\u0165, \u010d\u00edm fakticky podp\u00edsala jeho\u00a0z\u00e1nik.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee p\u00f4vodn\u00e9 technologick\u00e9 predpoklady sa nenaplnili. V\u00fdvoj nadzvukov\u00e9ho lietadla Boeing 2707, ktor\u00fd mal by\u0165 vlajkovou lo\u010fou americkej civilnej leteckej dopravy, bol v\u00a0roku 1971\u00a0definit\u00edvne zastaven\u00fd. Pr\u00ed\u010dinou boli extr\u00e9mne v\u00fdrobn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady, environment\u00e1lne obavy z\u00a0nadmern\u00e9ho hluku a obrovsk\u00e9 n\u00e1roky na palivo. Aj eur\u00f3psky Concorde, ktor\u00fd s\u00edce vst\u00fapil do prev\u00e1dzky, sa nikdy nestal masov\u00fdm dopravn\u00fdm prostriedkom. Lietal len na vybran\u00fdch tras\u00e1ch a jeho prev\u00e1dzka bola nato\u013eko drah\u00e1, \u017ee sa nikdy neroz\u0161\u00edril do be\u017en\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edvania. Bez roz\u0161\u00edrenia vyu\u017e\u00edvania nadzvukov\u00fdch lietadiel sa stratil hlavn\u00fd d\u00f4vod, pre\u010do nov\u00e9 letisko v\u00f4bec vznikalo.<\/p>\n

\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"V\u00fdvoj \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\tFoto: Leon Medado \/ Google Earth \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\tpanam \t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tV\u00fdvoj nadzvukov\u00e9ho lietadla Boeing 2707 stroskotal v roku 1971 z d\u00f4vodu vysok\u00fdch n\u00e1kladov, hluku a odporu verejnosti. \t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n

K\u00a0t\u00fdmto faktorom sa pridali aj finan\u010dn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. P\u00f4vodne pl\u00e1novan\u00fd rozpo\u010det vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 800\u00a0mili\u00f3nov americk\u00fdch dol\u00e1rov za\u010dal u\u017e po\u010das prvej f\u00e1zy narasta\u0165, pri\u010dom samotn\u00e1 v\u00fdstavba jedinej dr\u00e1hy a pr\u00edstupovej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary prekro\u010dila pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 n\u00e1klady o\u00a0viac ako p\u00e4tinu. V\u00a0kombin\u00e1cii s\u00a0rast\u00facimi n\u00e1kladmi na environment\u00e1lne \u0161t\u00fadie, s\u00fadne spory a pokles feder\u00e1lnej podpory sa projekt stal ekonomicky neudr\u017eate\u013en\u00fdm. V\u00a0tom \u010dase sa navy\u0161e v\u00a0USA za\u010d\u00ednala meni\u0165 dopravn\u00e1 strat\u00e9gia a d\u00f4raz sa kl\u00e1dol sk\u00f4r na moderniz\u00e1ciu existuj\u00facich let\u00edsk ne\u017e na budovanie \u00faplne nov\u00fdch komplexov na izolovan\u00fdch miestach.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0d\u00f4sledku t\u00fdchto udalost\u00ed bola \u010fal\u0161ia v\u00fdstavba v\u00a0roku 1970\u00a0definit\u00edvne zastaven\u00e1. Jedinou skuto\u010dne postavenou \u010das\u0165ou tak zostala len vzletov\u00e1 dr\u00e1ha, ktor\u00e1 bola odovzdan\u00e1 do spr\u00e1vy okresu Dade County. Dnes je letisko zn\u00e1me pod n\u00e1zvom Dade-Collier Training and Transition Airport a sl\u00fa\u017ei najm\u00e4 na v\u00fdcvik pilotov ve\u013ek\u00fdch dopravn\u00fdch lietadiel. V\u010faka svojej d\u013a\u017eke, \u0161\u00edrke a minim\u00e1lnej prev\u00e1dzke je ide\u00e1lne na simul\u00e1cie prist\u00e1t\u00ed a odletov pre \u0161tudentov pilotn\u00fdch \u0161k\u00f4l. Okrem toho sa vyu\u017e\u00edva aj ako miesto na testovanie nov\u00fdch typov lietadiel a na ob\u010dasn\u00e9 n\u00fadzov\u00e9 prist\u00e1tia.<\/p>\n

\t \t\t\t\t\t\"Vzducholo\u010f \t\t\t \t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u010c\u00edtajte viac \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\tLeteck\u00e1 n\u00e1kladn\u00e1 doprava je v probl\u00e9moch. Zachr\u00e1nia ju vod\u00edkov\u00e9 vzducholode? \t\t\t\t \t\t\t \t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n

Letisko nem\u00e1 \u017eiadnu pravideln\u00fa osobn\u00fa dopravu, neexistuj\u00fa tu \u017eiadne termin\u00e1ly, kontroln\u00e9 ve\u017ee ani pr\u00edstup pre be\u017en\u00fa verejnos\u0165. Na satelitn\u00fdch sn\u00edmkach je vidite\u013en\u00e1 obrovsk\u00e1 bet\u00f3nov\u00e1 plocha uprostred mo\u010darist\u00e9ho \u00fazemia, bez akejko\u013evek \u010fal\u0161ej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0dejin\u00e1ch americk\u00e9ho civiln\u00e9ho letectva zost\u00e1va letisko Everglades jedn\u00fdm z\u00a0najv\u00fdraznej\u0161\u00edch pr\u00edkladov ne\u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9ho projektu, ktor\u00e9ho amb\u00edcie prev\u00fd\u0161ili mo\u017enosti doby. Zlyhalo nielen na \u00farovni environment\u00e1lneho pl\u00e1novania, ale aj v\u00a0odhade bud\u00facich technologick\u00fdch trendov.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Rozloha letiska mala presiahnu\u0165 160 kilometrov \u0161tvorcov\u00fdch a v p\u00f4vodn\u00fdch pl\u00e1noch sa r\u00e1talo s v\u00fdstavbou piatich dlh\u00fdch paraleln\u00fdch…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":55220,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[8],"tags":[22280,14081,22278,6296,33,22279,22281,43,40,42,36,50,49,48],"class_list":["post-55219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-americke-letisko","tag-chceli","tag-everglades-jetport","tag-najvacsie","tag-news","tag-opustene-letisko","tag-postavit","tag-sk","tag-slovak","tag-slovencina","tag-spravy","tag-svet","tag-world","tag-world-news"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@sk\/116478463791134586","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=55219"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55219\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/55220"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=55219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=55219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=55219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}