{"id":58637,"date":"2026-05-01T15:28:10","date_gmt":"2026-05-01T15:28:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/58637\/"},"modified":"2026-05-01T15:28:10","modified_gmt":"2026-05-01T15:28:10","slug":"empire-state-building-oslavuje-95-rokov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/58637\/","title":{"rendered":"Empire State Building oslavuje 95 rokov"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kto m\u00e1 strach z v\u00fd\u0161ok, ten by mal nasleduj\u00face riadky rad\u0161ej presko\u010di\u0165. Empire State Building toti\u017e rozhodne nie je t\u00e9ma pre akrofobikov. Oce\u013eov\u00fd mrakodrap uprostred New Yorku meria prakticky takmer pol kilometra. Niet divu, \u017ee so svojou v\u00fd\u0161kou 443 metrov bol do roku 1971 najvy\u0161\u0161ou budovou sveta. Prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t sa otvoril 1. m\u00e1ja 1931, tak\u017ee dnes oslavuje 95 rokov.<\/p>\n

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\t\u00a0(Zdroj: SITA\/AP)<\/p>\n

Empire State Building m\u00e1 \u00factyhodn\u00fdch 102 poschod\u00ed a nach\u00e1dza sa v centre Manhattanu, konkr\u00e9tne na Piatej avenue a 34. ulici. Je jednou z najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edch budov v Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch a uk\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdm pr\u00edkladom designu v \u0161t\u00fdle art deco. V \u010dase jej v\u00fdstavby prebiehala tvrd\u00e1 konkurencia o titul najvy\u0161\u0161ej budovy sveta. Chrysler Building z\u00edskala titul v roku 1929 a Empire State Building ho prevzala roku 1931.<\/p>\n

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\t\u00a0(Zdroj: SITA\/AP)<\/p>\n

V\u00fd\u0161ka budovy dosahovala 381 metrov v\u010faka ikonickej ve\u017ei, ktor\u00e1 mala p\u00f4vodne sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 ako kotvisko pre vzducholode. V roku 1950 pribudla 68 metrov dlh\u00e1 ant\u00e9na, \u010d\u00edm sa celkov\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka mrakodrapu zv\u00fd\u0161ila na 449 metrov, ale v roku 1985, kedy bola ant\u00e9na vymenen\u00e1, sa zase zn\u00ed\u017eila na s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdch 443 metrov.<\/p>\n

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\t\u00a0(Zdroj: SITA\/AP)<\/p>\n

Hlavnou dvojicou stojacou za stavbou Empire State Building boli John J. Raskob a Al Smith. Raskob, obchodn\u00fd magn\u00e1t, ktor\u00fd sa s\u00e1m vypracoval, a b\u00fdval\u00fd predseda finan\u010dn\u00e9ho v\u00fdboru spolo\u010dnosti General Motors Corporation, spolu so Smithom, b\u00fdval\u00fdm demokratick\u00fdm guvern\u00e9rom New Yorku, boli dlhoro\u010dn\u00fdmi priate\u013emi.<\/p>\n

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\t\u00a0(Zdroj: Profimedia)<\/p>\n

Ned\u00e1 sa s istotou poveda\u0165, \u010di pr\u00e1ve oni pri\u0161li s n\u00e1padom postavi\u0165 mrakodrap na mieste p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho hotela Waldorf Astoria, ale obaja dospeli k z\u00e1veru, \u017ee by to bol rozumn\u00fd a senza\u010dn\u00fd spolo\u010dn\u00fd projekt v polovici ich \u017eivota. 29. augusta 1929 ozn\u00e1mili pl\u00e1ny na rekordn\u00fa budovu a architektonick\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadio Shreve, Lamb & Harmon Associates navrhlo mrakodrap, ktor\u00fd mal prekona\u0165 v\u00fd\u0161ku 100 poschod\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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\t\u00a0(Zdroj: SITA\/AP)<\/p>\n

Stavba sa za\u010dala o 200 dn\u00ed nesk\u00f4r, 17. marca 1930. Medzi Smithov\u00fdm ozn\u00e1men\u00edm v auguste a za\u010dat\u00edm stavby v marci v\u0161ak do\u0161lo v okt\u00f3bri 1929 k prepadu akciov\u00e9ho trhu a za\u010dala sa prejavova\u0165 Ve\u013ek\u00e1 hospod\u00e1rska kr\u00edza. Stavba v\u0161ak pokra\u010dovala a uk\u00e1zala sa ako d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd zdroj pracovn\u00fdch miest v New Yorku. Podie\u013ealo sa na nej viac ako 3 500 robotn\u00edkov, z ktor\u00fdch v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu tvorili imigranti z \u00cdrska, \u0160kandin\u00e1vie, \u010ceskoslovenska a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch kraj\u00edn.<\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea dostupn\u00fdch \u00fadajov zomrelo na stavbe mrakodrapu najmenej p\u00e4\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed, ke\u010f spadli z kon\u0161trukcie, po\u0161mykli alebo ich zasypal \u0165a\u017ek\u00fd materi\u00e1l. Pri pomyslen\u00ed, \u017ee robotn\u00edci pracovali iba s jednoduch\u00fdm isten\u00edm vysoko nad mestom, je to relat\u00edvne n\u00edzke \u010d\u00edslo. Na dobov\u00fdch fotografi\u00e1ch je jasne vidie\u0165, \u017ee stavba najvy\u0161\u0161ej budovy sveta rozhodne nebola ni\u010d pre slab\u00fd \u017eal\u00fadok.<\/p>\n

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\t\u00a0(Zdroj: Profimedia)<\/p>\n

Stavba mrakodrapu vy\u0161la na 40 948 900 dol\u00e1rov v cen\u00e1ch z roku 1931, v dne\u0161nej dobe by to bolo asi 850 mili\u00f3nov dol\u00e1rov. Mrakodrap sl\u00e1vnostne otvorili 1. m\u00e1ja 1931. V\u00fdstavba trvala krat\u0161iu dobu, ne\u017e ktoko\u013evek o\u010dak\u00e1val, a bola dokon\u010den\u00e1 iba po 410 d\u0148och. Napriek publicite okolo Empire State Building bolo jeho otvorenie st\u00e1le silne ovplyvnen\u00e9 Ve\u013ekou hospod\u00e1rskou kr\u00edzou.<\/p>\n

Ve\u013ek\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 kancel\u00e1ri\u00ed tak zostala pr\u00e1zdna, a\u017e budove \u013eudia za\u010dali hovori\u0165 \u201eEmpty State Building\u201c. Trvalo takmer 20 rokov, k\u00fdm sa budova stala ziskovou. Okrem kancel\u00e1ri\u00ed dnes na 86. poschod\u00ed n\u00e1jdete otvoren\u00fa vyhliadkov\u00fa plo\u0161inu a na 102. poschod\u00ed observat\u00f3rium s panoramatick\u00fdmi oknami. Ka\u017edoro\u010dne ich nav\u0161tevuj\u00fa mili\u00f3ny \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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Empire State Building<\/p>\n

Empire State Building zohrala aj pozoruhodn\u00e9 role v niektor\u00fdch z najromantickej\u0161\u00edch filmov 20. storo\u010dia. Najprv vo filme Milostn\u00fd rom\u00e1nik (1939) a potom v jeho remaku Nezabudnute\u013en\u00e1 l\u00e1ska (1957). Budova sa objavila aj v sl\u00e1vnom filme King Kong, ktor\u00fd bol uveden\u00fd do k\u00edn v roku 1933, kr\u00e1tko po otvoren\u00ed budovy.<\/p>\n

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\t\u00a0(Zdroj: SITA\/AP)<\/p>\n

Empire State Building je taktie\u017e uzn\u00e1vanou budovou z h\u013eadiska zelenej architekt\u00fary. V roku 2020 mrakodrap zav\u0155\u0161il viac ako desa\u0165ro\u010dn\u00fa moderniz\u00e1ciu, ktor\u00e1 v\u00fdrazne zn\u00ed\u017eila spotrebu energie aj emisie pribli\u017ene o 40 percent. V noci b\u00fdva nasvieten\u00fd, \u010do je samo o sebe n\u00e1dhern\u00fd poh\u013ead. Farby osvetlenia sa striedaj\u00fa pod\u013ea \u0161t\u00e1tnych sviatkov alebo reaguj\u00fa na aktu\u00e1lne svetov\u00e9 dianie. Napr\u00edklad cez Vianoce svieti Empire State Building na \u010derveno, na \u00edrsky De\u0148 sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho Patrika sa sfarb\u00ed do zelena.<\/p>\n

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\t\u00a0(Zdroj: SITA\/AP)<\/p>\n

Budova mala v 30. rokoch minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia p\u00f4sobi\u0165 ako monument americkej amb\u00edcie po\u010das Ve\u013ekej hospod\u00e1rskej kr\u00edzy \u2013 elegantn\u00e1, gigantick\u00e1 a trochu ok\u00e1zal\u00e1. Skr\u00e1tka d\u00f4kaz, \u017ee aj v \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch \u010dasoch sa d\u00e1 mieri\u0165 do neba. A hoci u\u017e d\u00e1vno nie je najvy\u0161\u0161ou budovou sveta, svoju sl\u00e1vu si udr\u017eala dodnes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Kto m\u00e1 strach z v\u00fd\u0161ok, ten by mal nasleduj\u00face riadky rad\u0161ej presko\u010di\u0165. Empire State Building toti\u017e rozhodne nie…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":58638,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[23338,23329,23339,23332,23337,23333,23331,12688,11188,33,1652,23336,43,40,42,786,36,50,23335,23334,49,48,23330],"class_list":{"0":"post-58637","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-svet","8":"tag-al-smith","9":"tag-art-deco","10":"tag-chrysler-building","11":"tag-empire-state-building","12":"tag-john-j-raskob","13":"tag-king-kong","14":"tag-manhattan","15":"tag-mrakodrap","16":"tag-new-york","17":"tag-news","18":"tag-observatorium","19":"tag-piata-avenue","20":"tag-sk","21":"tag-slovak","22":"tag-slovencina","23":"tag-spojene-staty","24":"tag-spravy","25":"tag-svet","26":"tag-velka-hospodarska-kriza","27":"tag-waldorf-astoria","28":"tag-world","29":"tag-world-news","30":"tag-zelena-architektura"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@sk\/116500031271596303","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58637","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58637"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58637\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/58638"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58637"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58637"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58637"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}